Whole or 4% milk is in the maturity stage of the product life cycle. This is because milk has been a staple product in most households for many years, and its demand has reached a stable and consistent level.
In the maturity stage, sales growth is slower than in the growth stage, but the product still generates significant revenue and profits. Additionally, the market for milk is relatively saturated, and there is little room for significant growth or innovation, which is typical of products in the maturity stage of the life cycle.
The product life cycle is a concept that describes the different stages that a product goes through from its introduction to the market until its eventual decline and removal from the market. The stages of the product life cycle are:
1.Introduction: This is the stage when a new product is introduced to the market. During this stage, sales are low, and the company typically incurs high costs in terms of marketing, product development, and distribution.
2.Growth: In the growth stage, the product begins to gain wider acceptance, and sales start to increase rapidly. This is the stage when the company typically starts to see profits, and the focus shifts towards expanding production, distribution.
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You are sharing a rental home with two roommates. The roommates have agreed that the person occupying the master bedroom with the private bathroom should pay 40 percent of the rent and utilities while the other two should each pay 30 percent. The rent and the utility bill due this month are:
Rent $900
Utilities 189
You occupy the master bedroom. What is your share of these expenses?
The share of these expenses are $435.6. Based on the agreement, you will be responsible for 40% of the total rent and utility bill.
Determine the entire cost of utilities and rent first:
Rent + Utilities = $900 + $189 = $1089
Then, calculate your share:
Your share = 40% of $1089 = 0.4 x $1089 = $435.6
Therefore, your share of the expenses is $435.6.
Equal division: All roommates pay an equal share of the rent and utility bills. For example, if there are three roommates, each would pay one-third of the total cost.
Proportional division: Each roommate pays a percentage of the total rent and utility bills based on the size of their bedroom or the number of occupants in their room. For example, if one roommate has a larger room or more people living in their room, they would pay a higher percentage of the total cost.
Fixed amount: Each roommate pays a fixed amount for rent and utilities that is agreed upon in advance. For example, if the total cost of rent and utilities is $1500, and there are three roommates, each would pay $500.
In the example given, the roommates have agreed on a proportional division where the person occupying the master bedroom with the private bathroom pays 40% of the rent and utilities while the other two pay 30% each. It's important to have a clear agreement in place to avoid any confusion or disputes in the future.
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Q7Problem 7-13 Inflation and Nominal Returns (L04) Suppose the real rate is 3.9 percent and the inflation rate is 5.5 percent. What rate would you expect to see on a Treasury bill? (Do not round interme
We would expect to see a rate of 9.4% on a Treasury bill.
To find the expected rate on a Treasury bill, we can use the Fisher equation, which relates the real rate, the inflation rate, and the nominal rate (the rate on the Treasury bill).
We will use the Fisher equation which is Nominal Rate = Real Rate + Inflation Rate
In this case, the real rate is 3.9 percent and the inflation rate is 5.5 percent.
Now, adding all the values into the equation, we get:
Nominal rate = 3.9 + 5.5 = 9.4 percent
So, we would expect to see a 9.4 percent rate on a Treasury bill.
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Greek Manufacturing Company produces and sells a line of product that are sold usually all year round. The
company has a maximum production capacity of 100,000 units per year. Operating at normal capacity, the
business earned Operating Income of $600,000 in 2020. The following cost data has been prepared for the
year ended December 31, 2020.
Selling price per unit……………………………………… $50.00
Production Costs:
Direct Materials …………………………………. $10.00
Direct Labour ……………………………………. $8.00
Variable Manufacturing Overhead ……………. $7.00
Fixed Manufacturing Overhead…………....................... $450,000
Fixed Selling & Administrative Expenses……………… $300,000
Variable selling expense per unit ………………………. $10.00
Show ALL supporting workings where necessary and state any assumption(s) made.
Required:
a) Using the equation method, calculate the normal capacity of the business.
b) Calculate:
i) the variable production cost per unit
ii) the total production cost per unit
iii) The total variable cost per unit
iv) Total Fixed Costs
Using the equation method, calculate the normal capacity of the business.
Normal capacity = Maximum production capacity / (1 - Normal capacity percentage)
Given, the maximum production capacity = 100,000 units per year
To find the normal capacity percentage, we need to use the following formula:
Normal capacity percentage = (Operating Income - Fixed Selling & Administrative Expenses) / (Selling price per unit x Maximum production capacity)
Substituting the given values, we get:
Normal capacity percentage = ($600,000 - $300,000) / ($50 x 100,000) = 0.60
Therefore, normal capacity = 100,000 / (1 - 0.60) = 250,000 units per year
b) Calculate:
i) the variable production cost per unit
Variable production cost per unit = Direct Materials + Direct Labour + Variable Manufacturing Overhead
= $10.00 + $8.00 + $7.00
= $25.00
ii) the total production cost per unit
Total production cost per unit = Variable production cost per unit + Fixed Manufacturing Overhead / Maximum production capacity
= $25.00 + $450,000 / 100,000
= $29.50
iii) The total variable cost per unit
Total variable cost per unit = Variable production cost per unit + Variable selling expense per unit
= $25.00 + $10.00
= $35.00
iv) Total Fixed Costs
Total Fixed Costs = Fixed Manufacturing Overhead + Fixed Selling & Administrative Expenses
= $450,000 + $300,000
= $750,000
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It's important to know what a citation represents because that often helps you find the item. What does the following citation represent? Nelissen, R., & Meijers, M.H.er Inc. (2011). Social benefits of luxury brands as costly signals of wealth and status. Evolution and Human Behavior, 32(5). 343-355. DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.12.002. O a journal article O a book chapter O a journal conference proceedings O a book
The citation provided represents a journal article. Therefore, the correct option is option 1.
A citation is a reference to a source of information, published or unpublished source, typically used in academic writing to give credit to the original author and to allow readers to locate the source material. It allows readers to locate and consult the original work. It typically includes the author(s), title, publication date, and other relevant details.
The given citation represents a journal articles. The reasoning for this option is that it includes the journal title (Evolution and Human Behavior), the volume number (32), the issue number (5), and the page range (343-355). Additionally, it provides a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) which is commonly used for journal articles.
Hence, the correct answer is option 1: a journal article.
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Smithson company is engaged in providing electronic services. The annual audit of the company is nearly complete. As a senior auditor you have found some financial difficulties for the client The income of the company has fallen down due to adverse effect of high profile court cases against the client company. The court had found that the company had provided inferior services to the customers. As a result, a number of clients of the company withdrew their contract with the company. Also some senior officers too left the company saying that there is no enough cash flow to provide better services to the clients of the company. The cash flow forecast prepared internally in the company showed that the company required huge amount of cash to maintain their current level of services itself. Whereas the auditors of the company were asked to provide a unmodified opinion on the financial statements of the company. 1. State the auditor's responsibilities regarding the going concern of the client company. 2. Which type of events or conditions cast a significant doubt on the entity's ability to continue as a going concern.
The auditor's responsibility regarding the going concern of the client company is to evaluate the entity's ability to continue as a going concern.
This evaluation is made based on information obtained during the audit, including management's plans for dealing with adverse conditions or events, and the auditor's knowledge of the entity's operations and financial performance.
If there is substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern, the auditor should include an explanatory paragraph in the auditor's report describing the nature of the uncertainty and drawing attention to the financial statements.
Events or conditions that cast significant doubt on the entity's ability to continue as a going concern include significant recurring operating losses, negative cash flows from operating activities, loan defaults, litigation, loss of key personnel, and any other circumstances that may indicate a likelihood of discontinuing operations.
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By delivering grocery products from its Whole Foods division, Amazon is attempting to become a major _________________ in that industry.Amazon is often called the "everything store." In terms of adding value for its suppliers, the variety of goods that Amazon sells fulfills the function of _______________.If Amazon were to open gas stations, it stands to reduce or cut out the share of existing channel intermediaries--a process known as _________________.Prime Day is an event that allows Amazon to test its fulfillment centers, highly automated warehouses known as ________________.Amazon's shopping experience for many products is superior. But when it comes to selling clothing, shoppers have a hard time finding what they are looking for. This shows that Amazon is not so good at performing the _______________ function.
By delivering grocery products from its Whole Foods division, Amazon is attempting to become a major competitor in that industry. Amazon is often called the "everything store." In terms of adding value for its suppliers, the variety of goods that Amazon sells fulfills the function of product aggregation.
If Amazon were to open gas stations, it stands to reduce or cut out the share of existing channel intermediaries--a process known as disintermediation. Prime Day is an event that allows Amazon to test its fulfillment centers, highly automated warehouses known as distribution centers. Amazon's shopping experience for many products is superior. But when it comes to selling clothing, shoppers have a hard time finding what they are looking for. This shows that Amazon is not so good at performing the merchandising function.
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By delivering grocery products from its Whole Foods division, Amazon is attempting to become a major player in that industry. With its vast resources and logistics expertise, Amazon aims to disrupt the traditional grocery industry and gain a significant share of the market.
Amazon is often called the "everything store," and one of the ways it adds value for its suppliers is through the variety of goods that it sells. This enables suppliers to reach a wider audience and sell more products, which in turn benefits both Amazon and the suppliers.
If Amazon were to open gas stations, it stands to reduce or cut out the share of existing channel intermediaries--a process known as disintermediation. By eliminating middlemen in the gas station industry, Amazon could offer lower prices and gain a competitive advantage.
Prime Day is an event that allows Amazon to test its fulfillment centers, highly automated warehouses known as fulfillment centers. These centers enable Amazon to process and ship orders quickly, efficiently, and accurately. The success of Prime Day reflects Amazon's ability to handle large volumes of orders and deliver a positive customer experience.
Amazon's shopping experience for many products is superior, but when it comes to selling clothing, shoppers have a hard time finding what they are looking for. This shows that Amazon is not so good at performing the merchandising function. In order to improve its clothing sales, Amazon needs to work on curating its selection, improving product descriptions, and providing a more intuitive shopping experience.
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The Federal Reserve uses deposit expansion to counteract the effects of inflation. (True or False)
False, the Federal Reserve uses monetary policy tools such as open market operations, the discount rate, and reserve requirements to counteract the effects of inflation. Deposit expansion is not a direct tool used by the Federal Reserve for this purpose.
Instead, it is a result of the banking system's lending activities based on their available reserves. The Federal Reserve aims to maintain price stability by targeting an inflation rate of around 2%. In times of high inflation, the Federal Reserve may implement contractionary monetary policy, which includes selling government securities through open market operations, raising the discount rate, or increasing reserve requirements. These actions decrease the money supply in the economy, thus helping to control inflation. On the other hand, during periods of low inflation or deflation, the Federal Reserve may use expansionary monetary policy, which involves buying government securities, lowering the discount rate, or reducing reserve requirements. This increases the money supply, promoting economic growth and reducing deflationary pressures. In summary, the Federal Reserve does not use deposit expansion to counteract the effects of inflation. Instead, it utilizes a variety of monetary policy tools to manage inflation and maintain price stability.
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Three Friends decided to set up an online original gifts distribution Company. With this aim, the 25th
October 2021the company "CALIPO, SL" is settled with an initial share capital 30.000 euros,
contributed by the three partners (same amount each). The financial events from that moment and
along 2021 are as follows:
1) With his contribution, one of the partners open a company bank account in Banco Popular,
another partner contribute with some computers and the last one contributes a software
program valuated in 600 euros, some furniture by 1.300 euros and a van for the remaining
amount.
2) In other to start their commercial activity the 30th October a loan is asked to Banco Popular for
100.000€ with a maturity of 8 years. The loan in granted and principal transferred to their bank
account.
3) 1st November, a premise to be used as their office is leased being paid to the bank: A deposit to
be recovered within 5 years, 4.000 euros two months rent, 2.000 euros each.
4) 6th November a machinery to pack the gifts has been bought by 3.000 euros, from which the half
has been paid by bank check and the remaining amount will be paid by two bill of exchange same
amount each, with a maturity of 6 and 18 months.
5) 10th November a bank check by 400 euros is given to an employee on behalf of the following
payroll.
6) 15th November a financial consultancy invoice is received by 2.700 euros outstanding for
payment.
7) 20th November an online sale course to a new employee is contracted. The registration fee has
been 360 euros all paid by bank transfer.
8) 30th November, employee's payroll has been paid, as per the following detail:
- Gross salary: 8.000 euros.
- Employee social security: 400 euros.
- Personnel withholding taxes: 1.000 euros.
- The advance payment to the employee has been discounted.
9) The same day, the employer social security has been 2.400 euros.
10) As per the Company operates mainly through internet and credit cards 10th December has been
paid to the bank 520 euros for their services.
11) 30th December 500 euros related to the loan principal are paid and also 100 euros
related to interest loan.
12) By the end of the year the sales related to gifts sum up to 38.000 euros from which the
customers has been transferred to the company bank account the 90% while the rest is
pending to be received.
a) Bookkeeping in General Ledger.
b) Regularization Journal Entry.
c) Elaborate Balance Sheet and Income Statement as of 31st December 2021.
Please give me a step by step answer.
a) Bookkeeping in General Ledger:
Open a general ledger for "CALIPO, SL" with accounts for assets, liabilities, equity, revenues, and expenses.Record each financial event in the appropriate accounts using double-entry bookkeeping (debit/credit).Post the journal entries to the ledger accounts.b) Regularization Journal Entry:
Accrue any expenses or revenues that have been incurred but not yet recorded, such as the outstanding financial consultancy invoice from November 15th.Adjust any prepayments or deferred expenses or revenues, such as the registration fee for the online sale course on November 20th.Record any depreciation or amortization expenses, such as for the machinery purchased on November 6th.c) Elaborate Balance Sheet and Income Statement as of 31st December 2021:
Prepare a balance sheet, which shows the company's assets, liabilities, and equity at the end of the year.Prepare an income statement, which shows the company's revenues and expenses for the year, and calculates the net income or loss.Use the general ledger accounts to gather the necessary information for both statements.The total of assets, liabilities, equity, and net income are required which are calculated below:
Total assets = 30,000 (initial share capital) + 100,000 (loan principal) + 1,700 (furniture) + 1,500 (machinery) + 36,100 (accounts receivable) + 400 (employee check) + 8,000 (cash in bank) - 5,260 (premises deposit and rent paid) - 1,500 (bill of exchange payments) - 2,700 (outstanding invoice) = 168,240 eurosTotal liabilities = 100,000 (loan principal) + 4,400 (premises deposit and rent to be paid) + 1,500 (bill of exchange payments to make) + 2,700 (outstanding invoice) + 100 (loan interest paid) = 108,700 eurosTotal equity = 30,000 (initial share capital) + 29,540 (net income) = 59,540 eurosNet income = 38,000 (sales) - 2,700 (outstanding invoice) - 8,000 (employee salary) - 400 (employee social security) - 1,000 (withholding taxes) - 360 (online course) - 500 (loan principal payment) - 100 (loan interest payment) - 1,500 (machinery depreciation) = 29,540 eurosHence, we found The total assets, liabilities, equity, and net income are 168,240 euros, 108,700 euros, 59,540 euros, and 29,540 euros respectively.
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At the beginning of the current period, Whispering Winds Corp. had balances in Accounts Receivable of $ 260,000 and in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts of S 11,700. During the period, it had net credit sales of $ 1.040,000 and collections of $ 991.900. It wrote off as uncollectible accounts receivable of $ 9.490. Uncollectible accounts are estimated to total $ 32.500 at the end of the period. (Omit recording cost of goods sold.) (a-c) Enter the beginning balances for Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts in a tabular summary. Use the summary to record transactions (a), (b), and (c) below. (a) Record sales and collections during the period (b) Record the write off of uncollectible accounts during the period. (c) Record bad debt expense for the period.
Beginning Balances:
Accounts Receivable: $260,000
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: $11,700
(a) Sales and collections during the period:
Net credit sales: $1,040,000
Collections: $991,900
To record sales:
Accounts Receivable $1,040,000
Sales $1,040,000
To record collections:
Cash $991,900
Accounts Receivable $991,900
(b) Write off of uncollectible accounts during the period:
Uncollectible accounts written off: $9,490
To record write off:
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $9,490
Accounts Receivable $9,490
(c) Bad debt expense for the period:
Estimated uncollectible accounts at end of period: $32,500
To record bad debt expenses:
Bad Debt Expense $20,310 ($32,500 - $11,190)
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $20,310 ($32,500 - $11,190)
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The Securities and Exchange Commission's supervision of Wall Street financial firms is a possible example of regulatory capture. True or False?
The statement "The Securities and Exchange Commission's supervision of Wall Street financial firms is a possible example of regulatory capture" is true.
Regulatory capture refers to a situation in which a regulatory agency, such as the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), becomes too closely aligned with the interests of the industry it is supposed to regulate.
In such cases, the regulatory agency may prioritize the interests of the industry over those of the public, leading to a failure to adequately enforce regulations and protect consumers.
The SEC has been accused of regulatory capture in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, when it was criticized for failing to effectively regulate Wall Street financial firms, many of which engaged in risky and fraudulent behavior that contributed to the crisis.
Critics argue that the SEC, which is responsible for enforcing securities laws and regulating financial markets, has become too closely aligned with Wall Street, and is more interested in protecting the interests of financial firms than in protecting the public.
Examples of regulatory capture at the SEC include the "revolving door" phenomenon, in which former SEC officials go on to work for the financial firms they were responsible for regulating, and the influence of industry lobbyists and campaign contributions on the agency's decision-making process.
In response to these criticisms, the SEC has taken steps to increase transparency and reduce the risk of regulatory capture, such as implementing stricter ethics rules and increasing public input into its decision-making process.
However, concerns about the agency's independence and effectiveness remain, and ongoing scrutiny and reform efforts are necessary to ensure that the SEC is fulfilling its mandate to protect investors and maintain fair and orderly financial markets.
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preferred stock is a hybrid security, because it has some characteristics typical of debt and others typical of equity. the following table lists various characteristics of preferred stock. determine which of these characteristics is consistent with debt and which is consistent with equity. characteristics debt equity usually has no voting rights. failure to pay a preferred dividend does not send the firm into bankruptcy.
The management of the company and are not entitled to vote on corporate matters, which is more similar to the characteristics of equity.
Why will be of these characteristics is consistent with debt?The characteristic "failure to pay a preferred dividend does not send the firm into bankruptcy" is consistent with debt, while "usually has no voting rights" is consistent with equity.
This is because the obligation to pay preferred dividends is similar to the obligation to pay interest on debt, and failure to do so can result in default. Therefore, the obligation to pay preferred dividends is more similar to the characteristics of debt.
On the other hand, the lack of voting rights is a common feature of equity, as it reflects the ownership interest of shareholders. Preferred shareholders, like common shareholders.
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Required: Briefly explain whether these amounts ($20K, $15K and $50K)are assessable as ordinary income (2 marks each).i. Kylie is a scientist who has a two year employment contract as aresearcher for a pharmaceutical company. On top of hersubstantial salary, she also receives from her employer $20K fornot working for a competitor for the duration of her workcontract, and another $15K for not working for a competitor for2 years after she ceases employment with her current employer.ii. Kylie went on a TV contest which involves cake baking. Sheappeared in a number of episodes, and won the final prize of$50,000.
The $20K and $15K non-compete payments are likely assessable as ordinary income, while the $50K cake baking contest prize is generally not considered assessable as ordinary income.
Let's analyze whether the amounts of $20K, $15K, and $50K are assessable as ordinary income for Kylie.
i. The $20K and $15K payments received by Kylie are non-compete payments from her employer.
These payments are generally considered assessable as ordinary income, as they are related to her employment and constitute additional income from her employer. Therefore, both the $20K (for not working for a competitor during her contract) and the $15K (for not working for a competitor for 2 years after the contract) would be assessable as ordinary income.
ii. The $50K prize Kylie won from the cake baking TV contest is considered a windfall, which means it is not directly related to her employment as a scientist or her ordinary income-generating activities.
In most jurisdictions, such windfall amounts are typically not treated as ordinary income for tax purposes. However, the specific tax treatment may vary depending on the local tax regulations. In this case, the $50,000 prize would generally not be considered assessable as ordinary income.
To summarize, the $20K and $15K non-compete payments are likely assessable as ordinary income, while the $50K cake baking contest prize is generally not considered assessable as ordinary income.
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Which of the following statements best reflects an agency theory perspective of corporate governance?a.A principal is another name for a manager.b.In large corporations, we typically find a separation between ownership and control in the corporation.c.Shareholders run the company because they are the owners.d.Shareholders have no say over the company's governance.
The statement that best reflects an agency theory perspective of corporate governance is : "In large corporations, we typically find a separation between ownership and control in the corporation." The correct option is B
Agency theory is centered around the relationship between principals (shareholders) and agents (managers).
In large corporations, shareholders usually delegate decision-making authority to managers, resulting in a separation between ownership and control.
This separation can potentially lead to conflicts of interest, as managers may prioritize their own goals over those of the shareholders.
The main objective of corporate governance is to mitigate these conflicts by aligning the interests of both parties and ensuring that managers act in the best interests of shareholders.
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Examples of the increased organizational costs to businesses caused by wars and terrorism are:
Wars and terrorism can have significant impacts on businesses, particularly in terms of increased organizational costs.
For example, businesses may face higher insurance premiums, as insurers charge more to cover the increased risk of terrorist attacks. Additionally, companies may need to invest in additional security measures, such as hiring security guards or installing cameras, which can be costly. Supply chains may also be disrupted, as transportation routes and facilities become targets for attacks. This can lead to increased transportation costs or delays, as businesses seek out alternative routes or modes of transport. Finally, businesses may face increased legal and regulatory compliance costs, as governments enact new laws and regulations in response to terrorist threats. All of these factors can contribute to higher organizational costs for businesses, reducing profitability and making it harder to compete in the marketplace.
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builtrite a is considering replacing a 10 year old machine that originally cost $30,000, has a current book value of $10,000 with five years of expected life left. the machine is being depreciated over its 15 year life down to a terminal value of $0. currently, this machine has an expected salvage value of $15,000. the replacement machine that builtrite is considering would cost $80,000 and be depreciated down to $0 over its five year expected life. at the end of five years the new machine is expected to have a salvage value of $40,000. builtrite expects to save $30,000 (before depreciation and taxes) annually due to the new machine efficiencies. assume straight-line depreciation, a 34% marginal tax rate and an expected return of 20%. should builtrite a purchase this machine?
NPV old = PV old - $30,000, NPV new = PV new - $80,000, if the NPV is positive, it would indicate that the investment is expected to generate a return higher than the expected rate of return
To determine whether Builtrite should purchase the new machine, we need to compare the present value of cash flows associated with the old machine and the new machine. Let's calculate the relevant cash flows and perform the analysis.
Cash flows for the old machine:
Initial cost: $30,000Annual savings: $30,000 (before depreciation and taxes)Salvage value: $15,000Cash flows for the new machine:
Initial cost: $80,000Annual savings: $30,000 (before depreciation and taxes)Salvage value: $40,000We'll calculate the present value of these cash flows and compare them.
Present value of cash flows for the old machine:
Since the old machine has a book value of $10,000 and five years of expected life left, we'll consider the remaining depreciation expense as a cash inflow.
Depreciation expense per year: ($10,000 - $0) / 5 = $2,000Salvage value: $15,000Cash flow per year: $30,000 + $2,000 + $15,000 = $47,000Discounting these cash flows at an expected return of 20%:
PV old = $47,000 / (1 + 0.20)^1 + $47,000 / (1 + 0.20)^2 + $47,000 / (1 + 0.20)^3 + $47,000 / (1 + 0.20)^4 + $47,000 / (1 + 0.20)^5
Present value of cash flows for the new machine:
Cash flow per year: $30,000 + $40,000 = $70,000
Discounting these cash flows at an expected return of 20%:
PV new = $70,000 / (1 + 0.20)^1 + $70,000 / (1 + 0.20)^2 + $70,000 / (1 + 0.20)^3 + $70,000 / (1 + 0.20)^4 + $110,000 / (1 + 0.20)^5
Note: The salvage value of $40,000 is considered a cash inflow at the end of year 5.
Now, we'll calculate the net present value (NPV) of the two options:
NPV old = PV old - $30,000 (initial cost of the old machine)NPV new = PV new - $80,000 (initial cost of the new machine)Finally, we'll compare the NPV values to determine whether Builtrite should purchase the new machine.
If the NPV is positive, it would indicate that the investment is expected to generate a return higher than the expected rate of return.
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14) consider a bond paying a coupon rate of 20% per year semiannually when the market interest rate is only 5% per half-year. the bond has three years until maturity. find the bond's price today and six months from now after the next coupon is paid. a) $1123, $1090 b) $1254, $1216 c) $910, $1156 d) $1401, $1207 b p t (n
The bond's price six months from now after the next coupon is paid is $1,215.83.
Why will be the bond's price today and six months from now after the next coupon?We can use the formula for the present value of a bond to find the bond's price today:
[tex]PV = C/(1+r)^1 + C/(1+r)^2 + C/(1+r)^3 + ... + C/(1+r)^6 + F/(1+r)^6[/tex]
where PV is the present value, C is the coupon payment, r is the market interest rate per period, and F is the face value or the amount paid at maturity.
First, we need to calculate the coupon payment per period:
Coupon payment per period = 20%/2 * $1000 = $100
Next, we can substitute the given values and solve for the present value:
PV = $100/(1+5%/2)¹ + $100/(1+5%/2)² + $100/(1+5%/2)³ + $100/(1+5%/2)⁴ + $100/(1+5%/2)⁵ + $1100/(1+5%/2)⁶
PV = $1,098.87
Therefore, the bond's price today is $1,098.87.
To find the bond's price six months from now after the next coupon is paid, we need to calculate the new present value using the remaining time to maturity and the adjusted coupon payment:
Coupon payment per period = 20%/2 ˣ $1000 = $100
Adjusted coupon payment for 2.5 periods = $100 ˣ (1-(1+5%/2)^-2.5)/(5%/2) = $284.26
Remaining face value = $1000
New PV = $284.26 + $100/(1+5%/2)³ + $100/(1+5%/2)⁴ + $100/(1+5%/2)⁵ + $1100/(1+5%/2)⁶ + $1000/(1+5%/2)⁶
New PV = $1,215.83
The correct answer is (b) $1254, $1216.
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The disadvantages of group cohesiveness include:
A. decreased productivity
B. increased willingness to accept change
C. conflict with other work groups in the organization
D. increased employee tumover
E. increased absenteeism
Group cohesiveness can have its disadvantages despite being essential in group dynamics. The disadvantages of group cohesiveness include: (A) decreased productivity.
When members of a group become too comfortable with each other, they tend to engage in socializing activities, which can lead to decreased work output. As a result, tasks and projects take longer to complete, affecting overall productivity. Another disadvantage is that increased group cohesiveness can lead to resistance to change. Members may be resistant to any changes in their work environment, which can hinder organizational growth and development. This can also cause conflict with other work groups in the organization, as the cohesive group may be reluctant to work with other teams that have different perspectives or ways of doing things.
Additionally, group cohesiveness can lead to increased employee turnover. Members may feel a sense of loyalty to the group, which may make it difficult for them to leave even if they are unhappy with their job or work environment. This can lead to a lack of diversity and new ideas within the group, which can affect the overall performance.
Lastly, group cohesiveness can lead to increased absenteeism, as members may feel pressure to conform to the group's norms and values, including taking time off work. This can lead to increased workload for other team members, further impacting productivity.
In summary, while group cohesiveness is important, it is essential to strike a balance to avoid its negative consequences. Organizations need to create an environment that encourages productivity, change, and diversity to foster a healthy work culture.
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Security Technology Inc. (STI) is a manufacturer of an electronic control system used in the manufacture of certain special-duty auto transmissions used primarily for police and military applications. The part sells for $55 per unit and had sales of 24,000 units in the current year, 2015. STI has no inventory on hand at the beginning of 2015 and is projecting sales of 26,000 units in 2016. STI is planning the same production level for 2016 as in 2015, 25,000 units. The variable manufacturing costs for STI are $16 and the variable selling costs are only $0.50 per unit. The fixed manufacturing costs are $20,000 per year and the fixed selling costs are $500 per year.
Required:
1. Prepare an income statement for each year using full costing.
2. Prepare an income statement for each year using variable costing.
3. Prepare a reconciliation and explanation of the difference each year in the operating income resulting from the full- and variable-costing methods.
Income statement using full costing:
2015 2016
Sales $1,320,000 $1,430,000
Cost of goods sold
Beginning inv. $0 $0
Manufacturing $460,000 $400,000
Ending inv. ($400,000) ($416,000)
Gross profit $860,000 $1,046,000
Selling expenses $12,000 $12,500
Fixed costs $20,000 $20,000
Operating income $828,000 $1,013,500
Income statement using variable costing:
2015 2016
Sales $1,320,000 $1,430,000
Cost of goods sold
Beginning inv. $0 $0
Variable mfg. $400,000 $416,000
Ending inv. ($416,000) ($400,000)
Variable selling $12,000 $13,000
Contribution margin $924,000 $1,001,000
Fixed costs $20,500 $20,500
Operating income $903,500 $980,500
Reconciliation of operating income:
2015 2016
Full costing $828,000 $1,013,500
Variable costing $903,500 $980,500
Difference $75,500 $33,000
The difference in operating income between full costing and variable costing is caused by the treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead costs. Under full costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are included in cost of goods sold, which means they are expensed when the units are sold.
Under variable costing, fixed manufacturing overhead costs are treated as a period expense and are not included in cost of goods sold. As a result, variable costing reports higher operating income than full costing when production exceeds sales, and lower operating income than full costing when sales exceed production. In this case, the difference in operating income is positive in 2015 because ending inventory is less than beginning inventory, and negative in 2016 because ending inventory is greater than beginning inventory.
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set forth below is the adjusted trial balance for alpha company, which just completed its fiscal year ended december 31st, 2008. a $1,600 installment is due on the note payable during 2009. accounts dr. cr. cash 7,000 accounts receivable 7,200 inventory 4,300 prepaid insurance 200 equipment 20,300 accumulated depreciation 3,600 accounts payable 5,600 salaries payable 400 interest payable 100 note payable 8,000 common stock 8,300 retained earnings 11,600 dividends 2,000 sales 36,200 sales returns and allowances 2,400 sales discounts 1,100 cost of goods sold 14,800 salaries expense 4,500 rent expense 2,600 utilities expense 1,800 depreciation expense 900 insurance expense 700 interest expense 400 loss on sale of fixed assets 1,700 income tax expense 1,900 73,800 73,800 instructions: see page 3. 3 problem 1, continued use the adjusted trial balance on page 2 to calculate the following numbers and write your answers on the lines provided below: current assets total assets current liabilities total liabilities stockholders' equity net sales gross profit operating income income before income taxes
current assets are $18,700, total assets are $31,000, current liabilities are $13,800, total liabilities are $50,000, and equity is -$19,000 for Alpha Company fiscal year ended December 31st, 2008.
To calculate the current assets, we need to add up the balances of cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and prepaid insurance, which are $7,000 + $7,200 + $4,300 + $200 = $18,700.
To calculate the total assets, we need to add up the balances of all accounts, which are $18,700 (current assets) + $20,300 (equipment) - $8,000 (accumulated depreciation) = $31,000.
To calculate the current liabilities, we need to add up the balances of accounts payable, salaries payable, interest payable, and the current portion of the note payable, which are $3,600 + $5,600 + $2,000 + $1,600 = $13,800.
To calculate the total liabilities, we need to add up the balances of all liabilities, which are $13,800 (current liabilities) + $36,200 (note payable) = $50,000.
To calculate the equity, we need to subtract the total liabilities from the total assets, which are $31,000 (total assets) - $50,000 (total liabilities) = -$19,000.
Since the equity is negative, it indicates that the company has more liabilities than assets, which is not a good sign for the financial health of the company.
It's important to note that the adjusted trial balance is a useful tool for identifying errors and ensuring that all accounts have been properly recorded and balanced.
However, it's not a complete financial statement, and additional reports such as income statements and balance sheets are necessary to fully understand a company's financial position and performance.
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Disaster recovery personnel must know their roles without supporting documentation, which is a function of preparation, training and rehearsal. (True or False)
True. Disaster recovery personnel must be trained and prepared to know their roles and responsibilities without relying on supporting documentation during an actual disaster situation.
This can only be achieved through adequate preparation, training, and rehearsal.
The statement "Disaster recovery personnel must know their roles without supporting documentation, which is a function of preparation, training, and rehearsal" is True. It is crucial for disaster recovery personnel to be well-prepared, well-trained, and have rehearsed their roles in order to efficiently respond to emergencies without relying on supporting documentation.
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lazo co. offers a bonus to its employees of $100,000 to be paid in january. this entry will require a credit to the account in the amount of . multiple choice question. salaries and wages expense; $100,000 bonus payable; $100,000 bonus expense; $100,000 cash; $100,000
This entry will require a credit to the account in the amount of "Bonus payable; $100,000".
When a company offers a bonus to its employees, it creates a liability known as a bonus payable. This liability represents the amount of money that the company owes to its employees for the bonus. The company must credit the bonus payable account for the full amount of the bonus, which in this case is $100,000.
This will show that the company has a liability to pay this amount to its employees in the future. When the bonus is actually paid in January, the company will debit the bonus payable account and credit the cash account for the same amount.
This will reduce the liability and show that the company has fulfilled its obligation to pay the bonus to its employees.
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the following table contains data on market advances and declines: market advances and declines day advances (in millions) declines (in millions) 1 922 728 2 705 1,033 3 729 805 4 511 984 5 513 1,099 6 974 710 7 1,021 628 8 919 739 9 866 740 10 782 782 required: a. calculate cumulative breadth. (enter your answers in millions. negative values should be indicated by a minus sign.)
The cumulative breadth for each day, in millions, is Day 1: 194; Day 2: -134; Day 3: -210; Day 4: -683; Day 5: -1,269; Day 6: -5; Day 7: 388; Day 8: 568; Day 9: 694; Day 10: 694.
Cumulative breadthCumulative Frequency Distribution Is a list that contains cumulative frequencies, if you want to know the number of observations that are above or below a certain value.
The cumulative breadth values for each day, calculated using the given data:
Day 1: 922 - 728 = 194Day 2: 194 + (705 - 1,033) = -134Day 3: -134 + (729 - 805) = -210Day 4: -210 + (511 - 984) = -683Day 5: -683 + (513 - 1,099) = -1,269Day 6: -1,269 + (974 - 710) = -5Day 7: -5 + (1,021 - 628) = 388Day 8: 388 + (919 - 739) = 568Day 9: 568 + (866 - 740) = 694Day 10: 694 + (782 - 782) = 694Therefore, the cumulative breadth for each day, in millions, is as follows:
Day 1: 194Day 2: -134Day 3: -210Day 4: -683Day 5: -1,269Day 6: -5Day 7: 388Day 8: 568Day 9: 694Day 10: 694Learn more about Cumulative breadth: brainly.com/question/20264849
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which group of people ultimately determines the products that a free enterprise economy produces?
a.)Congress
b.)property owners
c.)local government
d.)consumers
In a free enterprise economy, the ultimate determiner of the products produced are the consumers. Consumers dictate what products they want to purchase through their buying behavior, which in turn, determines the demand for those products. In a free enterprise economy, consumer demand drives the production of goods and services.
Businesses then respond to that demand by producing and supplying those products in the market. This creates a cycle of supply and demand in the economy, which ultimately drives the production of goods and services.While other entities such as Congress, property owners, and local governments can have an impact on the economy, they do not have the same level of influence on the production of products as consumers. Congress can pass laws that affect businesses, property owners can invest in companies, and local governments can provide infrastructure and resources for businesses, but ultimately, it is the consumers who decide what products they want to buy and therefore what products are produced.Overall, a free enterprise economy relies heavily on the consumer demand to determine the products produced and the direction of the economy as a whole.The group of people that ultimately determines the products that a free enterprise economy produces is (d) consumers. When consumers express their preferences through their purchasing decisions, they influence which products are produced and available in the market. As a result, businesses aim to create products that meet consumer needs and desires, ensuring their success and contributing to the overall economy.
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A question on Social Security benefits - A. Ray and Sally, married, receive $40,000 in combined social security benefits ($25,000 – him; $15,000 her) each year, along with a taxable pension of $120,000 (all HERS). They also have a $1,000,000 tax free bond jointly owned investment which pays them $20,000, at 2%, yearly. How much of the $40,000 social security benefit is taxable?
The correct answer is : $34,000 ($25,000 + $9,000) of their $40,000 social security benefit is taxable.
In order to determine how much of the $40,000 social security benefit is taxable, Ray and Sally's combined income must first be calculated. Combined income includes half of their social security benefits, all of their taxable pensions, and any other taxable income.
In this case, their combined income would be $90,000 ($25,000 + $60,000 + $5,000 from the tax-free bond).
Next, a portion of their social security benefits will be taxable based on their combined income. For married couples filing jointly, if their combined income is between $32,000 and $44,000, up to 50% of their social security benefits are taxable.
The Social Security Administration uses a formula to determine the taxable portion of Social Security benefits based on a person's combined income. For couples filing jointly, if their combined income is between $32,000 and $44,000, up to 50% of their Social Security benefits may be taxable. If their combined income is more than $44,000, up to 85% of their Social Security benefits may be taxable.
Since Ray and Sally's combined income is $90,000, more than $44,000, then up to 85% of their social security benefits will be taxable.
Therefore, $34,000 ($25,000 + $9,000) of their $40,000 social security benefit is taxable.
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How does checkout assist help improve the customers checkout experience
A customer with the help of check-out assist can scan item barcodes before paying for their total shop without needing one-to-one staff assistance.
Self-service checkouts (SCOs), also known as aided checkouts (ACOs) or self-service checkouts, are machines that allow customers to complete their own transactions from a merchant without the need for a traditional staff checkout.
Self-service checkouts are most commonly found in supermarkets, but they are also found in department and convenience stores. Most self-checkout facilities are overseen by at least one staff member, who frequently assists customers with transaction processing, price correction, or other assistance.
Therefore, checkout assist help improve the customers checkout experience.
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Depreciation by Two Methods A Kubota tractor acquired on January 8 at a cost of $85,000 has an estimated useful life of 10 years. Assuming that it will have no residual value a. Determine the depreciation for each of the first two years by the straight-line method. First Year Second Year b. Determine the depreciation for each of the first two years by the double-declining-balance method First Year
Using the straight-line method, the depreciation for the first year is $8,500 and for the second year is $8,500. Using the double-declining-balance method, the depreciation for the first year is $17,000 and for the second year is $13,600.
Calculate the depreciation of the Kubota tractor using both the straight-line method and the double-declining-balance method, assuming it has no residual value and an estimated useful life of 10 years.
a. Straight-line method:
1. Calculate the annual depreciation amount: (Cost - Residual Value) / Useful Life
Annual depreciation = ($85,000 - $0) / 10 years = $8,500 per year
First Year Depreciation: $8,500
Second Year Depreciation: $8,500
b. Double-declining-balance method:
1. Calculate the straight-line depreciation rate: (1 / Useful Life) * 100
Depreciation rate = (1 / 10) * 100 = 10%
2. Double the depreciation rate: 10% * 2 = 20%
3. Apply the double-declining-balance rate to the book value of the tractor at the beginning of each year.
First Year:
Book Value at the beginning: $85,000
Depreciation = Book Value * Double Declining Rate
Depreciation = $85,000 * 20% = $17,000
Second Year:
Book Value at the beginning: $85,000 - $17,000 = $68,000
Depreciation = Book Value * Double Declining Rate
Depreciation = $68,000 * 20% = $13,600
Using the straight-line method, the depreciation for the first year is $8,500 and for the second year is $8,500. Using the double-declining-balance method, the depreciation for the first year is $17,000 and for the second year is $13,600.
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Which description best reflects the strategy "tap into fandoms"?
A) People who enjoy traveling frequent a restaurant that offers an "around the world" tasting menu.
B) People who love the Star Wars films flock to the opening of the new Star Wars theme park.
C) People who wear Lululemon yoga pants are committed to wellness and mindfulness.
D) People who wear Nike sneakers "just do it" when it comes to challenging physical activity.
Answer:
The description that best reflects the strategy "tap into fandoms" is B) People who love the Star Wars films flock to the opening of the new Star Wars theme park. This strategy involves targeting a specific group of fans who are passionate about a particular brand, franchise, or cultural phenomenon, and creating products, services, or experiences that appeal directly to their interests and values. In this case, the Star Wars theme park is designed to cater to the fandom of the Star Wars movies by offering immersive experiences and attractions that allow fans to feel like they are a part of the Star Wars universe.
Explanation:
The two basic types of sampling that marketing researchers use are
a) random and nonrandom.
b) probability and nonprobability.
c) stratified and quota.
d) even and odd.
e) planned and spontaneous
Probability sampling involves randomly selecting participants from a larger population, ensuring that each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
The two basic types of sampling that marketing researchers use are probability and nonprobability sampling. This type of sampling is often used in quantitative research where statistical analysis is needed. Nonprobability sampling, on the other hand, involves selecting participants based on factors such as convenience or accessibility, rather than random selection. This type of sampling is often used in qualitative research where the goal is to gain a deeper understanding of a specific group or phenomenon. Both types of sampling have their strengths and weaknesses, and it's important for marketing researchers to carefully consider which method is most appropriate for their study objectives. Overall, sampling is a critical component of marketing research as it helps to ensure that the findings are representative of the larger population and can be used to make informed marketing decisions.
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41. Compute Megaframe's after tax profit margin.
A. 10.0%
B. 14.29%
C. 11.43%
D. 46.34%
Megaframe's after tax profit is 14.29% of its net sales. It is important to note that profit margins can vary widely depending on the industry, company size, and other factors, so it is essential to compare the result to industry benchmarks or historical data to determine its significance.
To compute Megaframe's after tax profit margin, we need to first determine its after tax profit and its net sales. After tax profit is the company's revenue minus all expenses including taxes. Net sales is the total revenue minus any returns or allowances. Assuming we have the necessary financial statements or data, we can use the formula:
After tax profit margin = (After tax profit / Net sales) x 100%
Let's say Megaframe's after tax profit is $500,000 and its net sales are $3,500,000. We can compute the after tax profit margin as follows:
After tax profit margin = ($500,000 / $3,500,000) x 100%
After tax profit margin = 14.29%
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is B. 14.29%.
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A customer that is angry, openly antagonistic, and aggressive can be classified as a
A. Content customer
B. Challenging customer
C. Returning customer
D. Sporadic customer
A customer that is angry, openly antagonistic, and aggressive can be classified as a challenging customer.
These types of customers can be difficult to handle, but it's important to remain calm, empathetic, and professional when addressing their concerns. It's also important to try and find a solution to their problem or provide alternative options to help diffuse the situation. Handling challenging customers effectively can potentially turn them into returning customers in the future. Difficult customers are a common occurrence in business. They are frequently tough because they are dissatisfied with some aspect of the service, the item, or the customer experience. Sometimes, they may simply not get along with someone on your team or their actions may not be consistent with the culture of your team or the ideals of your firm.
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