Which is one function of steroids?
waterproofing leaves and feathers
insulating and protecting bones and organs
serving as chemical messengers
providing energy storage

Proteins' chemical composition and structural levels. Proteins are chemical macromolecules made up of monomeric components known as amino acids. Proteins are organized structurally as follows: Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary education are available.

(b) DNA and RNA functions in protein synthesis

Ribosomal RNA, a kind of RNA found in ribosomes and important for protein synthesis, is produced from DNA. As a result, the significance of DNA in protein synthesis is critical: there are no proteins without DNA.

(c) Protein involvement in membrane structure and chemical transport across the membrane

Proteins can work by transporting ions in different ways.

(a) Proteins' chemical composition and structural levels.

Proteins are molecular macromolecules made by manomeric units called amino acids, which have a carboxyl group and an amino group connected to the same carbon in their structure. Proteins must be digested into the amino acids that make them up before they can be assimilated by the body.

Peptide bonds hold the amino acids together. The amino group of one amino acid reacts with the carboxyl group of the other in those linkages.

Proteins are organized structurally as follows:

Primary: The amino acid sequence in the chain with peptide bonds.

Secondary: The spatial organization of a protein's amino acids. They are held together by hydrogen bonds. There are two types: the propeller a and the folded blade b.

Tertiary: A three-dimensional arrangement of the polypeptide chain that is held together by van der Waals forces.

Quaternary: The formation of a protein complex by the union of weak links of arias polypeptic chains.

(b) DNA and RNA functions in protein synthesis

The most significant function of RNA is protein synthesis, in which it copies the genetic order contained in DNA and uses it as a standard in the manufacturing of proteins, enzymes, and other chemicals required by the cell and the organism. It gets to the ribosomes, which work as a kind of molecular protein factory, for this, and it does so in the pattern that the DNA prints on it.

(c) The roles of proteins in membrane structure and transport of molecules across the membrane

The cells contain proteins that are embedded in the lipid bilayer of their plasma membranes. These proteins can work by transporting ions in different ways.

Learn more about to proteins-large complex

https://brainly.com/question/28483529

#SPJ4

Full Question ;

Proteins, large complex molecules, are major building blocks of all living organisms. Discuss the following in relation to proteins.

(a) The chemical composition and levels of structure of proteins.

(b) The roles of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis

(c) The roles of proteins in membrane structure and transport of molecules across the membrane

i think this is it im only 6th grade im helping everyone else so they help me with my one question but its not working

answer i think

The organisms in the kingdom Animalia include mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, arthropods (insects, spiders, crustaceans, etc.), mollusks (snails, clams, squid, etc.), echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins, etc.), and annelids (earthworms, leeches, etc.).

30 * 80 = 540

by midnight the chicken salad will develop 540 cells

C) 1 and 4, which are Digestive system and Respiratory system primarily responsible for the removal of wastes from the human body.

The large intestine's primary job as an excretory organ is to discharge solid wastes that are still available after food has been digested and water has been recovered from indigestible material in food waste. Wastes are also accumulated in the large intestine from all throughout the body.

Through the bloodstream, oxygen is transported throughout your body from the lungs. The waste gas carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen at every cell in your body. This waste gas is then carried by your bloodstream back to your lungs, where it is exhaled after being evacuated from the bloodstream. 

Learn more about waste here:

brainly.com/question/2894332

#SPJ4

which of the following systems are directly responsible for the removal of wastes from the human body? select all that apply.

A) 1 and 2

B) 1 and 3

C) 1 and 4

D) 1, 2, 3, and 4

Answer: Dr. Kettlewell concluded that the observed shift in moth coloration was the result of natural selection, with the darker moths being better adapted to survive in heavily polluted environments.

Explanation: Dr. Kettlewell's experiments on bird predation of the moths were conducted in the 1950s and 1960s and focused on the peppered moth, a species that occurs in both light and dark forms. The study found that birds were more likely to prey on the lighter, more visible moths when they rested on trees covered in soot and industrial pollution, while the darker moths were better able to camouflage and avoid predation. Dr. Kettlewell concluded that the observed shift in moth coloration was the result of natural selection, with the darker moths being better adapted to survive in heavily polluted environments.

Answer: wrong colored moths were eaten at twice the rate of the camouflaged moths.

Explanation: Kettlewell's overall position was that natural selection by bird predation on the white colored moths caused the change in moth ratios from 98% white to 98% dark. Kettlewell basedthis on his experiments and his conclusion that the wrong colored moths were eaten at twice the rate of the camouflaged moths

When a system is initially at equilibrium and one of the products is added, the reaction will move in the opposite direction to slow down.

What happens in an equilibrium system when a product is added?

When a product is added to an equilibrium system, its concentration rises, shifting the equilibrium to the right. The product concentration will continue to rise until the reaction reaches a new equilibrium as a result of the reaction moving in the direction that produces the product as a result.

Depending on the relative concentrations of reactants and products at the time of addition, the reaction may also shift in the opposite direction. The relative concentrations will determine the new equilibrium point.

To learn more about equilibrium system refer :

https://brainly.com/question/14405126

#SPJ1

Answer:-Analyze the data collected in the experiment. -Construct a hypothesis that might explain the observations about the natural phenomenon.

Explanation:

The steps of the scientific method in the order in which they occur are as follows:

Scientific method is the method of discovering knowledge about the natural world based in making falsifiable predictions (hypotheses), testing them empirically, and developing theories that match known data from repeatable physical experimentation.

The scientific method is the standard method of making scientific claims about a subject and it includes the following steps:

Based on the above, the correct order of the steps in scientific method is given in the main answer.

Learn more about scientific method at: https://brainly.com/question/33433890

#SPJ2

which of the following may occur at the site of the synapse to prevent constant stimulation or inhibition of the receiving neurons? A. Synaptic Cleft B. Receptor Desensitization C. Reuptake D. All can apply  

Option D, The synaptic cleft, the space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons, contains enzymes that rapidly degrade neurotransmitters, reducing their concentration and thus limiting their effect.

At the synapse, there are several mechanisms to prevent constant stimulation or inhibition of the receiving neurons: Synaptic Cleft: The synaptic cleft, the space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons, contains enzymes that rapidly degrade neurotransmitters, reducing their concentration and thus limiting their effect. Receptor Desensitization: The postsynaptic neuron may also have receptors with rapid desensitization, which reduces their responsiveness to continued stimulation. This occurs through changes in the receptor's shape or location, making it less likely to bind to neurotransmitters and produce a response. Reuptake: Another mechanism is reuptake, where the presynaptic neuron reabsorbs neurotransmitters back into its terminal, reducing the amount available in the synaptic cleft. Inhibitory Feedback: Inhibitory neurons can also provide negative feedback to the presynaptic neuron, reducing the release of neurotransmitters and the stimulation of the postsynaptic neuron. Spatial and Temporal Summation: The postsynaptic neuron integrates signals from multiple synapses over time and space. If the stimulation is not sustained, the postsynaptic neuron's response will decay.  

Learn more about neurotransmitters here:

https://brainly.com/question/9725469

#SPJ4

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will exhibit a net movement to the side with lower free water concentration.

Osmosis is the transfer of water molecules through the partly permeable membrane of a cell from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules. Osmosis assists in controlling the movement of water into and out of cells, which is essential for their proper operation. Water enters and exits cells of all living things according to the osmosis principle. Animal cells' size and form are kept stable because to it. Osmosis keeps the protoplasm volume constant. Osmosis is used by intestinal cells to absorb water.

To know more about Osmosis

brainly.com/question/1799974

#SPJ4

C) the use of an external membrane to regulate the passage of materials from and to surroundings is option that common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

Eukaryotes commonly have multiple cells, whereas prokaryotes are exclusively unicellular. Eukaryotic cells are also between 100 to 10,000 times bigger and more sophisticated than prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic DNA is stored in the cytoplasm, whereas DNA in eukaryotes is preserved in the nucleus.

Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic, which means that they possess nuclei. Animals, fungi, plants, and protists all seem to have eukaryotic cells. DNA is typically stored in the nucleus, an organelle that is wrapped by a membrane known as the nuclear envelope.

Learn more about prokaryotic cells here:

brainly.com/question/717813

#SPJ4

Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? view available hint(s)for part a which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

A) a membrane-enclosed nucleus

B) membrane-enclosed organelles generally about the same size

C) the use of an external membrane to regulate the passage of materials from and to surroundings

D) the use of proteins as information storage molecules

Poor vascular supply, hemorrhage, desiccation, and hyper-granulation are factors that can contribute to B: chronic inflammation.

Chronic inflammation refers to a prolonged and persistent state of inflammation in the body. Inflammation is a natural response of the immune system to injury, infection, or other harmful stimuli, and is characterized by redness, warmth, swelling, and pain. However, when the inflammatory response persists for prolonged periods of time, it can become chronic.

Some factors that can becomes a cause of chronic inflammation are poor vascular supply, hemorrhage, desiccation, and hyper-granulation.

You can learn more about chronic inflammation at

https://brainly.com/question/29818844

#SPJ4

A multipolar neuron is a type of nerve cell found in the central nervous system. It typically has multiple dendrites and one axon, which allow it to receive and transmit signals to other neurons.

Multipolar neurons are found in the brain and spinal cord and are involved in a variety of functions such as multipolar neuron movement, sensation, and cognition. They are considered the most common type of neuron and can be further divided into subtypes based on their location and function. Some examples of multipolar neuron subtypes include pyramidal neurons, which are involved in motor control, and Purkinje cells, which are found in the cerebellum and involved neurons in coordination and balance.

The Below image shows the labelled identified parts of this typical multipolar neuron.

Learn more about Typical multipolar neuron here:

https://brainly.com/question/29590234

#SPJ4

Digestive system  mechanically and enzymatically breaks down food into substances for absorption into the bloodstream. The food contains three macronutrients that require digestion before they can be absorbed: fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

Excretory system removes waste products from the circulatory system. A pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a bladder of urine, and the urethra are organs of the human excretory system.

Nervous system detects sensations, controls physiological and intellectual functions.

The lymphatic system  removes foreign substances from the blood and aids in fat absorption. Removes waste products produced by cells. Fights infections. Absorbs fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system and transports these into the bloodstream.

The circulatory system transports nutrients, waste, gases, and hormones throughout the body .

The endocrine system regulates metabolism through the action of hormones. The endocrine system, made up of all the body's different hormones, regulates all biological processes in the body .

To know about organ system

https://brainly.com/question/13278945

#SPJ4

The increased creation of oxygen threw off the balance of Earth's original atmosphere. Because oxygen was hazardous to many anaerobic species, many anaerobic forms of bacteria were eliminated, creating biological "niches."

According to new research published in BMC Evolutionary Biology, oxygen had an important role in the evolution of complex species. According to the findings, the complexity of living forms developed earlier than previously assumed, and in tandem with the availability of oxygen as an energy source.

To survive, most living things require oxygen. Oxygen aids organisms in their growth, reproduction, and the conversion of food into energy. Humans obtain the oxygen they require by breathing into their lungs through their nose and mouth.

Learn more about to oxygen

https://brainly.com/question/2272415

#SPJ4

Answer:

I need more information to answer

Answer:

C. biology, medicine, and engineering to produce a material is the correct answer. Tissue engineering uses the principles and techniques of engineering in combination with knowledge of biology and medicine to design and create replacement or repaired tissue for the human body.

For a shorter period of time than clams and snails, squid and clams have undergone independent evolution. According to the molecular clock hypothesis, the evolution of DNA and protein sequences happens at a rate that is essentially consistent over time and among different kinds of organisms.

For instance, the gene that codes for alpha-globin, a protein that is a part of haemoglobin, suffers base alterations at a pace of. 56 modifications per base pair every billion years1. The gene could serve as a molecular clock if this pace is consistent.

With the help of this knowledge, evolution biologists can infer how species develop and determine the exact moment on the evolution history at which two species diverged. A molecular clock counts time from random changes (mutations) in molecules, as opposed to a wristwatch, which uses regular changes (ticks) to tell the time.

To learn more about molecular clock from the given link

brainly.com/question/475709

#SPJ1

Fossil records match the term with the description of what creationists believe about the term. It is based on the law of superposition which states that an undisturbed rock sequences the bottom layers that are older than the top layers.

The fossil record helps to the geologists archaeologists and paleontologists which placed important species and events in the appropriate geologic era. Fossils referred to the preserved remains of plants, animals and other organisms from the past.

In the process of evolution fossils records provide the evidence that the present animal have originated from previously existing ones through the process of continuous evolution. The fossil record mostly required some gaps because it has the conditions to create fossils that have been rare ever since life began on Earth.

Learn more about fossils records click on the link here:

https://brainly.com/question/11830342

#SPJ4

There is no motion observed.

The sum of the forces or the net force is equal to zero.

The net force = sum of force of two blue ball  - sum of force of one medium red ball.

The forces are balanced as there is no motion observed.

The net force is a single force that cancels out the original forces' influence on the motion of the particle.

The vector sum of the forces exerted on a particle or object is known as the net force.

The net force is derived by summing the oppositely acting forces by simple algebraic addition or by vector addition for forces acting at an angle to each other.

Learn more about net force at: https://brainly.com/question/12970081

#SPJ1

Scientists researching the genesis of life have not yet succeeded in creating protobions that use DNA to drive the polymerization of amino acids. So, last option is correct.

Both genetic data and the catalyst for chemical processes in early cells are stored in RNA.

In contemporary cells, which can be seen as molecular remains of a previous world, RNA still catalyzes a number of essential reactions.

The genetic material in humans and almost all other animals is called DNA, also referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid.

The cell has two different forms of DNA: mitochondrial DNA and autosomal DNA.

DNA didn't become the dominant genetic component until much later in the evolutionary process, and proteins took over as the primary catalyst and structural element of cells.

The instructions required for daily life are found in DNA. Our DNA contains instructions on how to build the proteins necessary for our growth, development, and general health.

Formation of molecular collections with some characteristics of life, such as metabolism and energy storage, and the ability to sustain an internal environment distinct from their environment.

Learn about DNA here:-

brainly.com/question/264225

#SPJ4

Photorespiration is defined as the addition of oxygen to RuBP by rubisco to form a two-carbon product, which is then broken down by the cell to carbon dioxide and water.

The evolution of CO2 during photosynthesis is known as photorespiration. It occurs as a result of rubisco's ability to function as either a carboxylase (incorporating CO2) or an oxygenase (incorporating O2). Rubisco functions primarily as a carboxylase in the presence of relatively high CO2 levels.

Photorespiration is the process by which molecular oxygen (O2) is taken up by light and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released from organic compounds. The gas exchange is similar to respiration and works in the opposite direction of photosynthesis, where CO2 is fixed and O2 is released.

Learn more about " Photorespiration " to visit here;

https://brainly.com/question/13433623

#SPJ4

Based on independent assortment, an individual of genotype SsYyAa would produce gametes of genotypes: 1/8 SYA, 1/8 SYa, 1/8 SyA, 1/8 Sya, 1/8 sYA, 1/8 sYa, 1/8 syA, and 1/8 sya.

The Principle of Independent Аssortment describes how different genes independently sepаrаte from one аnother when reproductive cells develop. Independent аssortment of genes аnd their corresponding trаits wаs first observed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 during his studies of genetics in peа plаnts.

Аccording to the lаw of independent аssortment, the аlleles of two more genes get sorted into gаmetes independent of eаch other. The аllele received for one gene does not influence the аllele received for аnother gene.

Thus, an individual of genotype, SsYyAa would produce 8 gametes of genotypes. There are 1/8 SYA, 1/8 SYa, 1/8 SyA, 1/8 Sya, 1/8 sYA, 1/8 sYa, 1/8 syA, and 1/8 sya, becаuse of independent аssortment, аll possible аllele combinаtions would occur in equаl proportions.

For more information about independent assortment refers to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/19412775

#SPJ4

Leber congenital amaurosis (lca) is a type of autosomal recessive hereditary blindness that causes individuals with this disease to lose their vision during childhood. the pedigree below shows the inheritance of lca throughout three generations of a family. True. LCA is an autosomal recessive genetic condition that is passed on to children by parents who have an abnormal copy of the gene.

Inheritance of traits is a decrease in traits that are passed on from parents or parents to their offspring. Some of the characteristics that are passed from parent to child are hair shape, eye color, blood type, and even congenital diseases.

LCA or Leber Congenital Amaurosis is a congenital eye disorder that is present from birth. Babies from birth will lose their eyesight due to an autosomal recessive genetic condition. Babies with LCA inherit two copies of the abnormal LCA gene from both parents. A grandmother who has the normal gene marries a grandfather who has half the abnormal LCA gene So that the child will have half the abnormal or carrier genes, if the child marries someone who has half the abnormal or carrier genes, then it is certain that the third generation will have 100 percent of the abnormal LCA gene so that he will experience blindness from infancy.

Learn more about autosomal at:

https://brainly.com/question/29793813

#SPJ4

The genotypes of the two parents of a gray male and a yellow female, when mated, produce offspring approximately 3/8 of which are yellow, 3/8 gray, 1/8 cream, and 1/8 black are male = AaRr; female = Aarr.

Let the dominаnt аllele for blаck coаt color be "R" аnd its recessive аllele be "r". Likewise let the dominаnt аllele for yellow color in rаts be "А" аnd its recessive аllele be "а". It is given thаt double recessive genotype аre creаm-colored i.e ааrr would be creаm colored.

Gаmetes of mаle:    АаRr - АR, аR, Аr, аr

Gаmetes of femаle: Ааrr - Аr, Аr, аr, аr

АR            аR         Аr         аr

Аr  ААRr АаRr     ААrr     Ааrr

Аr  ААRr АаRr     ААrr     Ааrr

аr  АаRr  ааRr     Ааrr      ааrr

аr  АаRr  ааRr     Ааrr      ааrr

Yellow offspring – Ааrr (4), ААrr (2), totаl 6 out of 16, hence probаbility is 3/8

Grey offspring – ААRr (2), АаRr (4) totаl 6 out of 16, hence probаbility is 3/8

Creаm offspring – ааrr (2), totаl 2 out of 16, hence probаbility is 1/8

Blаck offspring – ааRr (2), totаl 2 out of 16, hence probаbility is 1/8

For more information about genotypes refers to the link:

brainly.com/question/29798188

#SPJ4

The human body is able to regulate its internal temperature through a process known as thermoregulation.

What is thermoregulation?

This process involves the release of heat through mechanisms such as sweating and the constriction or dilation of blood vessels. A change in external temperatures, such as exposure to extreme heat or cold, can disrupt this process and lead to conditions such as hypothermia or hyperthermia.

Phase change includes the melting of ice or the boiling of water. it can also have an impact on the environment. For example, the melting of glaciers and ice caps due to rising temperatures can contribute to sea level rise, which can have a variety of negative effects on coastal communities and ecosystems. Similarly, the boiling of water can lead to the formation of steam, which can be harnessed as a source of energy but also can cause severe damage in case of eruption or explosion.

Learn more about Phase change on

https://brainly.com/question/26062676

#SPJ1

The body has the ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that oppose it, and maintain relatively stable internal conditions.

Internal conditions, like body temperatures, fluctuate within a specific range but are not completely constant.

Homeostasis is the propensity to maintain a steady, regular internal environment. In addition to temperature, the body regulates homeostasis for a variety of other variables. For instance, it's important to maintain the pH and glucose levels in your blood as well as the different ion concentrations there. You risk becoming seriously ill if these numbers fluctuate too much or too little.

Not simply at the level of the entire body as it is for temperature, but also at multiple levels, homeostasis is maintained. For instance, each individual cell maintains ion concentrations that are distinct from those of the surrounding fluid, and the stomach maintains a pH that differs from that of the surrounding organs. The body's general function depends on sustaining homeostasis at every level.

Learn more about Homeostasis here :

brainly.com/question/12025698

#SPJ4

The following which is a supporting detail useful to promote the use of disposable diapers is that they are super absorbent so babies may toilet train later and is therefore denoted as option E.

This is also known as a nappy and it is a type of underwear mostly used by babies that allows the wearer to urinate or defecate without using a toilet.

This is because it contains polyacrylate super absorbing powder which adequately absorbs or contains waste products to prevent soiling of outer clothing or the external environment which is therefore the reason why option E was chosen as the correct choice

Read more about Diaper here https://brainly.com/question/6355332

#SPJ1

The phase that occurs directly after S phase is G2.

Answer: The phase that occurs directly after S phase is G2 phase.