When a small lump of calcium metal,
Ca, is added to water, it reacts giving
off hydrogen gas. A solutic of
calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂, is also
formed in the reaction.
Write a balanced symbol equation,
including state symbols, for the
reaction.

Based on the solubility of salt (NaCl) in water at room temperature which is 35.9 grams of NaCl per 100 grams of water,  if 50 grams of NaCl are stirred into 100 grams of water, there will remain an excess of undissolved sodium chloride in the solution.

The greatest concentration of a solute that may dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature is known as the solubility of that solute.

There are three types of solutions based on the amount of dissolved solute:

The solution is deemed saturated when the solute concentration reaches its maximum.

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10 g of boron combines with hydrogen to form 11.554 g of a pure compound. The empirical formula of this compound is B₃H₅.

The mass of the boron = 10 g

The mass of the compound = 11.554 g

Mass of hydrogen = 11.55 g - 10.00 g = 1.55 g

The moles of the boron = 10 / 10.811

                                       = 0.92 mols

The moles of the hydrogen = 1.55 / 1

                                              = 1.55

Dividing by the smallest one, we get

Moles of Boron = 0.59

Moles of Hydrogen = 1

Converting to the smallest whole number we get:

Moles of Boron = 3

Moles of Hydrogen = 5

The empirical formula is  B₃H₅.

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Class C extinguishers are pressurized with non-flammable carbon dioxide gas, dry chemical, wet chemical, or clean agent/halogen.

Pressurized fire extinguishers called Class C extinguishers are made to put out electrical fires. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), dry chemicals, wet chemicals, clean agents/halogens, or a combination of the four are the only possible fillers.

By replacing oxygen with CO₂, CO₂ extinguishers efficiently suffocate fires. Due to the fact that CO₂ is a non-conductive gas, they are most useful for Class C fires involving live electrical equipment.

Although CO₂ extinguishers can be used to put out Class B flammable liquid fires, they are not advised because they do not leave any residue.

The purpose of dry chemical extinguishers is to smother flames by preventing fuel from being released into the air, which stops a fire's chain reaction and stops it from spreading.

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100 grams of the sample would remain after one half-life.

A first-order reaction is one in which the rate of reaction is linearly dependent on the concentration of only one reactant, ie. in a first-order reaction, the rate is affected by changes in the concentration of only one of the reactants. Radioactive decay is a first order reaction of chemical kinetics.

Equation of first order reaction is : kt = 2.303 log [A₀]/[A]

Given, half life = 20 minutes means that k(20) = 2.303 log [A₀]/[A₀/2]

k(20) = 2.303 x log 2

k(20) = 2.303 x 0.3010

k(20) = 0.693

k = 0.693/20

k = 0.034

Now, we know the value of k. Putting this value in the first order reaction  equation:-

kt=2.303 log 200/[A]

0.693/20 x 20 = 2.303 log 200/[A]

0.693 = 2.303 log 200/[A]

0.3010 = log 200/[A]

log 2 = log 200/[A]

Hence, 2 = 200/[A]

[A] = 200/2

[A] = 100g

Other approach would be, in this first order reaction of chemical kinetics, according to question, one half life passes. After one half life, amount of radiactive substance becomes half. So, if initially we had 200g of sample, after one half life, we'd have half of this value = 100g remaining sample.

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The time taken for the light from the sun to reach the earth is 8.33 minutes.

Convert the distance from Earth to the Sun from kilometres to meters:

1.5 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] km = 1.5 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] x [tex]10^{3}[/tex] m = 1.5 x [tex]10^{11}[/tex] m

Time = Distance/ Speed = 1.5 x [tex]10^{11}[/tex] m/ (3.0 x [tex]10^{8}[/tex] m/s) = 0.5 x [tex]10^{3}[/tex] s

To convert this time to minutes, divide by 60 (the number of seconds in a minute):

Time = 0.5 x [tex]10^{3}[/tex] s / 60 s/min = 8.333 min

So, it takes about 8.333 minutes for light from the Sun to reach Earth.

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What will happen is that the unit will cancel out leaving out a factor, hence, option B is the answer.

A unit of measurement is a specific magnitude of a quantity that has been established and recognized by law or convention and is used as a benchmark for measuring other quantities of the same kind. A multiple of the unit of measurement can be used to express any other quantity of that type. A length, for instance, is a physical quantity.

A unit is a quantity with a fixed magnitude that is used to determine other quantities' magnitudes in the same way. Any standard used to compare measurements is known as a unit. Measurements of a property that have been recorded using multiple units can be converted, for example, from centimeters to inches.

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Answer:

The units cancel out so the answer is B

Explanation:

Answer:

Answer: A, C, and D

Momentum can be thought of as mass in motion. An object has momentum if it has its mass in motion. It matters not whether the object is of large mass or small mass, moving with constant speed or accelerating; if the object is MOVING, then it has momentum!

Explanation:

i did it to

Initially there are 3.4 mol of a and 7.5 mol of b in a 20.0 l container. if there is 0.57 mol of a at equilibrium then the value of kp is 0.0036.

Kp will be used to represent the equilibrium constant expression in terms of partial pressure. Equilibrium constant Kp is measured when the partial pressure of products is divided by the partial pressure of the reactants as well as the partial pressure will be raised with some power which is equal to the coefficient of the substance present in the balanced chemical equation.

                     A    +     B     ⇆     2C

t = 0              3.4         7.5            0

Equilibrium  3.4 - x     7.5 - x      2x

According to the question,

2x = 0.57

x = 0.57/2 = 0.285

Kc = (2x)²/{(3.4 - x) (7.5 - x)}

Kc = (0.285)²/(3.115 × 7.215)

Kc = 0.081225/22.47425

Kc = 0.0036

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Answer:

Explanation:

a) 202.4 g

b) 185.24 m

c) 0.13 dm

d) 6.91 L

e)0.0546 mol

f) 2.7 s

g) 42kg

h) 0

i) -0.11 g

j) -0.34 mL

The statement the force of gravity attracts the sun and all the other planets in the solar system toward each other is True.

The force of gravity is a universal force of attraction that exists between any two masses in the universe. It is the force that gives objects weight and keeps them bound to the Earth's surface. The force of gravity is equal to the mass of an object multiplied by the gravitational constant.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that it is True that the gravitational pull between the sun and all the other planets in the solar system causes them to be drawn toward one another.

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The amount of d will be produced in the hypothetical reaction is calculated as 35g

Raw materials called reactants engage with one another to create products. Under the appropriate conditions, such as temperature, time, or pressure, the chemical bonds of the reactants are broken, and the atoms create new bonds that result in various combinations.

A      + B     =>     C     + D

25g     21g         11g       xg

According to the law of conservation of mass

=> Reactants - Products = 0

25 + 21 -(11 + x) =0

X => 25 + 21 - 11  = 35g

When atoms develop or destroy chemical bonds, chemical processes happen. Reactants are the substances that commence a chemical reaction, while products are the substances that are produced as a result of the reaction. A substance that is present following a chemical reaction is known as a product.

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Water boils at a temperature lower than 100° C at higher altitudes because atmospheric pressure is lower as you increase altitude.

Boiling point is defined as the point at which the vapor pressure of the liquid and the pressure of the environment surrounding it are equal.

At boiling temperature, because there is no difference between the atmospheric pressure around the liquid and the vapor above it, the liquid changes into vapor.

Basically on a mountain top, the atmospheric pressure is somewhat lower than at sea level, because there is a lower "weight" of atmosphere pushing down. Therefore, the temperature at which the vapor pressure reaches the same value as atmospheric pressure is somewhat lower than at sea level.

This is why when we try to make tea on a very high mountain it is not very successful - the water does boil, but the temperature at which it boils is so insufficient to get the flavor and extracts out of the tea!

On a mountaintop, the ambient pressure is reduced from 1 atmosphere, and thus we heat to a temperature reduced from the normal boiling point such that the liquid vapor pressure is equal to the reduced ambient pressure.

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Glucose (a monosaccharide) has the molecular formula c6h12o6. The number of carbon atoms are in each glucose molecule is 6 carbon atoms.

Glucose is an organic compound that forms carbohydrates with monosaccharide types and is the simplest type of carbohydrate. Glucose is a form of carbohydrate metabolism which functions as the main energy source which is controlled by insulin.

The chemical formula of glucose is  C6H12O6 which means that glucose is composed of 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms. Glucose is also an aldehyde which contains -CHO groups and forms a pyranose ring which is in equilibrium with a more reactive form.

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The correct answer for extracting a very non-polar organic substance from a reaction run in ethanol is

option b - After the reaction is complete, rotovap the ethanol and redissolve in suitable organic solvent and water followed by separation.

Here you use a rotovap to remove the ethanol and then redissolve the product in a suitable organic solvent and water, followed by separation. This method effectively removes the ethanol, which is polar and allows for the separation of the non-polar product using an appropriate organic solvent. Option a and c also may work as they both involve separating the layers using an immiscible solvent and water, but option b is the best choice for the non-polar compound.

Option d is incorrect as there is only one correct answer.

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The absorbance of sample which transmits 82% of the incoming at 520nm is 0.0862.

Beer-Lambert law states that for a particular material sample, the path length as well as the concentration of the sample are directly proportional to the absorbance of the light.

The absorbance of light can be calculated by the formula,

A = 2-log 10 T%

Where, A is the absorbance and T% is the percentage transmission of light by the given sample.

T% = 82%

⇒ A = 2-log 10 T%

⇒ A = 2-log 10 (82)

⇒ A = 2 - 1.9138

⇒ A = 0.0862

The absorbance of sample which transmits 82% of the incoming at 520nm is 0.0862.

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The molar molar concentration of the solution is 1.4 M. of a solution made by  dissolving 2. 9g sodium acetate, NaC2H3O2 in water.

What is the molar concentration of a solution made by dissolving 2. 9g sodium acetate, NaC2H3O2 in water to a total volume of 25mL?

To calculate the molar concentration of the solution, we first need to determine the number of moles of sodium acetate present. This can be done using the formula:

moles = mass / molar mass

Where mass is the amount of sodium acetate in grams and molar mass is the molar mass of sodium acetate (82.03 g/mol).

so, moles = 2.9 g / 82.03 g/mol = 0.035 moles

Next, we can use the formula for molarity (M):

M = moles of solute / liters of solution

We know that the total volume of the solution is 25 mL, we will convert it into liter (L)

so, M = 0.035 moles / (25 x 10^-3 L) = 1.4 M

Therefore, the molar concentration of the solution is 1.4 M.

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Carbon happens naturally in 3 isotopes: carbon 12, that has six neutrons (plus six protons for a total of twelve neutrons), carbon 13, which has seven neutrons, as well as carbon 14, which now has eight neutrons. Each element individual has a unique unique number of isotopes.

To create the symbol for just an isotope, add the atomic number as just a subscript towards the left of the atomic symbol as well as the mass amount (protons plus neutrons) as just a superscript.

Carbon (C) does have an atomic number of six, implying that almost all neutral carbon atoms possess six protons and six electrons. In a normal carbon-containing material sample, 98.89% of both the carbon atoms also have 6 neutrons, giving each one a mass number of 12.

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A mineral that would be a good abrasive would have a high hardness and a rough or jagged surface. Examples of minerals that can be used as abrasives include diamond, corundum (which includes ruby and sapphire).

Abrasives are materials that are used to wear down or remove material from a surface by means of friction. They are commonly used in industrial applications such as sanding, grinding, and polishing. To be a good abrasive, a mineral needs to be hard and have a high Mohs hardness scale rating. Some examples of minerals that are commonly used as abrasives include diamond, corundum (aluminum oxide), and silicon carbide. Additionally, some minerals that have a distinct crystal structure, such as flint or garnet, can also be used for abrasive applications due to their sharp edges.

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The balanced redox reaction for the reaction between 1-butanol and potassium dichromate in acidic solution is:

C4H9OH + K2Cr2O7 + 6H+ → C4H7O2 + 2Cr3+ + K+ + 7H2O

In this reaction, 1-butanol (C4H9OH) is oxidized to butanoic acid (C4H7O2) by potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) which acts as an oxidizing agent. The hydrogen ions (H+) are added to balance the acidity of the solution. Potassium ions (K+) and water molecules (H2O) are produced as byproducts. The oxidation of 1-butanol to butanoic acid is a result of the loss of electrons from the alcohol molecule, specifically from the carbon atom bearing the hydroxyl group, which leads to the formation of a carbonyl group. This process is called oxidation as it increases the oxidation state of the carbon atom from -1 to +3, and it is accompanied by a decrease in the oxidation state of the chromium ion, from +6 to +3.

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The amount of air required to combust a full lighter of butane can be calculated using the stoichiometry of the combustion reaction. The complete combustion of butane (C4H10) can be represented by the following equation:

C4H10 + 6O2 -> 4CO2 + 5H2O

From this equation, we can see that for every mole of butane combusted, 6 moles of oxygen are required. To determine the volume of air required, we need to know the concentration of oxygen in air.

Air is composed of approximately 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen, and since the pressure of air is 760 torr, the partial pressure of oxygen is:

0.21 * 760 torr = 160 torr

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The boiling points of alkenes and alkynes are generally lower than those of alkanes.

phase observed:

a.) Methane, Ethane, Propane, and Butane are in a gaseous form in Alkanes (Table 1).

The liquid states of pentene, hexane, heptane, and octane are present.

in alkenes (table 2)

Gaseous forms of ethene, propane, and 1-butane exist.

Both one-pentene and one-hexene are liquids.

c.) Ethyne, propyne, and 2-butane are in the gas phase whereas pentyne is in the liquid phase in the alkynes (table 3).

Number of carbon atoms actually seen:

Alkanes - join one carbon atom to another in a single bond.

Double bonds between carbon atoms are formed in alkenes.

Triple bonds between carbon atoms are formed in alkynes.

Boiling point:The structure of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes is shown by their boiling points. when a material transitions from the liquid to gas phases, its temperature.

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To calculate T2:

ln(5) = (53.11*10^3 J/mol)/(8.314 J/mol.K) * (1/293 - 1/T2)

T2 = (53.1110^3 J/mol)/(8.314 J/mol.Kln(5)) + (1/293)^-1

T2 = 674.9 K

Therefore, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the substance is 5 times higher than it was at 293 K is 674.9 K.

The heat of vaporization is the energy required to convert one mole of a substance from the liquid to the gaseous state. The vapor pressure of a substance is the pressure exerted by its vapor when in equilibrium with its liquid form at a given temperature.

Vaporization is the process of transforming a liquid into a gas. It is also known as evaporation. Since we know that the particles of a gas are moving faster than those of a liquid, an input of energy must be required for a liquid to become a gas.

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The amount of calories that you will obtain by eating the energy bar is: 149 calories

Calories are a unit of energy measurement that expresses the amount of energy that a food can provide to the body when the food is digested and absorbed.

To solve this problem we must perform the following algebraic operations with the given information

Information about the problem:

Calculating how many calories are in 26 g carbohydrates we have:

Calories (26 g carbohydrates)= 26 * 4 calories

Calories (26 g carbohydrates)= 104 calories

Calculating how many calories are in 5 g fat we have:

Calories (5 g fat)= 5 * 9 calories

Calories (5 g fat)= 45 calories

Calculating how many calories are in the energy bar we have:

Calories (energy bar)= 104 calories + 45 calories

Calories (energy bar)= 149 calories

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The pair of temperatures that is possible for the two insulated identical blocks at different temperatures are placed so that they touch, and heat begins to flow between the blocks is 103 °C and 22 °C.

The correct option is D.

Heat energy is the form of energy that results due to a temperature difference that exists between two objects. Heat energy is also known as thermal energy.

Heat is the energy that is transferred from a body with a high temperature to one with a lower temperature.

When two objects at different temperatures are placed in contact, heat energy will flow from the hotter to the cooler object.

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It requires writing and balancing a chemical equation to extend this symbology to indicate both the identities and the relative quantities of substances experiencing a chemical (or physical) transformation.

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When distilling a product from a reaction mixture, a water-cooled condenser is often the best way to do it.

This method helps ensure that maximum vapor pressure can be achieved, and that the product is effectively separated from any impurities in the reaction mixture.

In order to achieve the best results, the condenser should be equipped with a cooling jacket so that the temperature of the condenser can be adjusted to the desired level.

The condenser should also be placed in a position that allows the product to flow through the condenser with minimal turbulence. Additionally, it is important to ensure that the surface of the condenser is clean, as any dust or dirt on the surface may impact the effectiveness of the condenser.

Lastly, the condenser should be regularly checked and maintained to ensure that it is functioning properly. By following these steps, distilling a product from a reaction mixture using a water-cooled condenser should be a successful and stress-free process.

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Answer:

Na2S2O8

Explanation:

See the attached worksheet.  Make the convenient assumption that we have 238 grams of the compound.   Then calculate the actual masses of each element.  For example, there is (19.3%)*(238g) = 45.94 grams of Na.  Now divide that by the molar mass of sodium (23 g/mole) to obtain the actual moles of Na in the 238 gram sample.  Na is 2.0 moles.

Do the same for all the elements.  We can see from the attached table that there are whole numbers of moles for each of the elements.  That very convenient outcome allows us to saw that there are 2 Na, 2 S, and 4 O for each molecule of the compound.  The molecular formula is Na2S2O8.

=====

In the common event that the moles are not all whole numbers, the smallest one should be multiplied by a factor that makes, or keeps it whole, and the same factor is used on the other elements.  If all are whole, then stop.  The new values represent the molecular formula.  For example, if the outcome of this calculation was 1.5, 2, and 2.5, multiply the smallest by 2 to get 3.  The others are also multiplied by the same factor, which will yield a result of Na3S4O5.

Values of 1, 2.33 and 4 would be multiplied by 3 (3*2.33 = 7) to yield Na3S7O12, for example.

C. in the outermost electron shell.

Electrons are the smallest part of an atom.

Part of the Atom

There are 3 subatomic particles that make up the atom. These 3 particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Each particle has its own charge. Protons are positively charged. Neutrons have no charge (neutral). Electrons have a negative charge. Additionally, the proton and neutron are located within the nucleus. The electrons are in electron shells that orbit the nucleus.

Since the proton shell doesn't exist, we know B is incorrect.

Valence Electrons

Most elements have multiple electron shells, also known as energy levels. The electrons on the outermost shell are the valence electrons. These are the electrons that are involved in bonding and the creation of ions. Remember that ions are atoms that have had electrons added or removed.

The study of chemicals originating from plants and animals is referred to as biochemistry.

Brioche mixes biology and chemistry to study living things. It propels advancements in forensics, medicine, or nutrition, among other fields of science and medicine. Understanding chemical interactions at the molecular level through biochemistry can aid in expanding your understanding of the universe and its applications.

Structured biology, enzymology, and metabolism are the three subfields of biochemistry, a branch of both biology and chemistry. Biochemistry has proven effective in elucidating life processes that use these three disciplines over the later decades of the 20th century.

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The chemical equation that shows the formation of a oxide ion from a neutral oxygen atom :

O + e⁻  --->  O⁻

O⁻  + e⁻  --->   O²⁻

The electronic configuration of oxygen is given as :

oxygen electronic configuration = 1s² 2s² 2p⁴

An oxygen atom when gains the  two electrons in order to obtain the noble gas configuration . the noble gas is  neon, with an octet of valence electrons.

The equations is given as :

O + e⁻  --->  O⁻

O⁻  + e⁻  --->   O²⁻

The Neon electronic configuration = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶

The  O²⁻ electronic configuration = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶

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