What is a state function?

Answers

Answer 1
Is a function defined for a system relating several state variables or state quantities that depends only on the current equilibrium thermodynamic state of the system[1] (e.g. gas, liquid, solid, crystal, or emulsion), not the path which the system took to reach its present state. A state function describes the equilibrium state of a system, thus also describing the type of system. For example, a state function could describe an atom or molecule in a gaseous, liquid, or solid form; a heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture; and the amounts of energy required to create such systems or change them into a different equilibrium state.

Related Questions

what are radioactive tracers used for

Answers

Answer:

Radioactive tracers are widely used to diagnose industrial reactors, for instance by measuring the flow rate of liquids, gases and solids.

Explanation:

Radioactive tracers are widely used to diagnose industrial reactors, for instance by measuring the flow rate of liquids, gases and solids. A radioactive tracer is a chemical compound in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a radioisotope.

heres the link for more information

https://www.iaea.org/topics/radiotracers#:~:text=Radioactive%20tracers%20are%20widely%20used,been%20replaced%20by%20a%20radioisotope

.

Which formula represents an isomer of this compound?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

I can’t explain but this is the answer LOL

Please help!!

All fake answers get reported immediately. Yes, I am a girl -_-

Answers

Answer:

1.)C₃H₈O

2)OH

3.)1-propanol

1.) C4H8O

2.) C2H6O or CH3CH2OH

3.)Ethanol

Explanation:

Hope this help

The decomposition of potassium chlorate, KClO3, is used as a source of oxygen in labs.
How many moles of potassium chlorate are needed to produce 6.83 moles of oxygen gas?

Answers

Reaction takes place is

2KClO3 --> 2KCl + 3O2

from above equation 2 moles of potassium chlorate is forming 3 moles of Oxygen gas.

now given 6.83 moles of oxygen and moles of potassium chlorate is missing,

consider x moles of potassium chlorate are needed to form 6.83 moles of oxygen

from above condition, .

3 》》》》2

x 》》》》6.83

3/x = 2/6.83

x = 3×6.83/2

x= 10.245

Answer- 10.245 moles of potassium chlorate are needed to produce 6.83 moles of oxygen gas.

Explain the process of fermentation.

Answers

Answer:

Fermentation, chemical process by which molecules such as glucose are broken down anaerobically. More broadly, fermentation is the foaming that occurs during the manufacture of wine and beer, a process at least 10,000 years old. The frothing results from the evolution of carbon dioxide gas, though this was not recognized until the 17th century.

Explanation:

looked it up-

Answer:

like babies or milk and cheese?

Explanation:

2). A student collects 425 L of oxygen at a temperature of 24.0°C and a pressure
of 0.899 atm. How many moles of oxygen did the student collect?

Answers

Answer:

15.5 moles

Explanation:

Applying,

PV = nRT.................. Equation 1

Where P = pressure, V = Volume, n = number of mole, R = molar gas constant, T = Temperature.

Make n the subject of the equation

n = PV/RT............... Equation 2

From the question,

Given: P = 0.899 atm, V = 425 L, T = 24 °C = (273+24) K = 297 K.

Constant: R = 0.083 L.atm/K.mol

Substitute these values into equation 2

n = (0.899×425)/(297×0.083)

n = 15.5 moles

How many moles of hypomanganous acid. H3 MnO4, are contained in 22.912 g?

Answers

Answer:

0.188mol

Explanation:

Using the formula;

mole = mass/molar mass

Molar mass of hypomanganous acid. (H3MnO4) = 1(3) + 55 + 16(4)

= 3 + 55 + 64

= 122g/mol

According to this question, there are 22.912g of H3MnO4

mole = 22.912g ÷ 122g/mol

mole = 0.188mol

is sodium potassium nitrate exo or endo?​

Answers

endothermic

Explanation:

I believe it's an endothermic but I'm not all too sure

Answer:

Pottasium nitrate is highly exothermic!However the dissolution of sodium nitrate in water is endothermic. Heat is absorbed during process.

What type of reaction does this illustration represent?


A. synthesis
B. decomposition
C.single-replacement
D.double replacement

Answers

Answer: IS B

Explanation:

Decomposition

I would say the answer is A.synthesis please correct me if I’m wrong:)

Past due! Help please I choose the middle picture for my hypothesis being inclusive can you help explain why and how it shows it’s being inclusive?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

its supposed to be not supported not inclusive because you said mix

how many moles of HCI will react with 18.13g of SrO

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The balanced chemical equation between

SrO + 2HCl → H2O + SrCl2

3. How much heat (in joules) is needed to raise the temperature of 355 g of ethanol I

(c = 2.4 J/gºC) by 63°C?

q=mcAT

Answers

Answer:

53676 J

Explanation:

m = 355 g

c = 2.4 J/gºC

ΔT = 63°C

q = mcΔT

  = (355)(2.4)(63)

  = 53676 J

The amount of heat is 53676J to raise the temperature of 355 g of ethanol.

What is temperature?

Temperature is a measurement of the amount of energy of the atoms in a system or a physical quantity that expresses hot and cold.

What is heat?

Heat is energy that is transmitted through one body to some other due to a temperature differential. When two bodies of different temperatures come together, energy can be transferred (heat flows) from the hotter to the colder.

It can be determined by the formula:

q =mCΔT.

where, q is heat, m is mass , C is and T is temperature.

Calculation of heat is shown below:

It is given that, mass of ethanol = 355 g, c = [tex]2.4 J/g^{0}[/tex] C, ΔT. = [tex]63^{0} C[/tex]

Now, put the values of given data in heat formula:

q =mCΔT

= 355×2.4×63

=53676J.

Therefore, the amount of heat will be 53676J to raise the temperature of 355 g of ethanol

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Please help me with this homework

Answers

Answer:

The answer is C density.

PLEASE HELP!
an element with 8 protons and 10 neutrons

Answers

Answer:

oxygen ion O2-

Explanation:

because it has 8 protons and gave gained 2 electron so O2-.

What two forces act in the nucleus to create a 'nuclear tug-of-war'?
a.
Covalent bond, ionic bond
c.
Van der waals force, dipole
b.
Electrostatic repulsion, strong nuclear force
d.
All of the above

Answers

Answer:

Electrostatic repulsion, strong nuclear force

Explanation:

The nucleus consists of protons and neutrons. protons are positively charged while neutrons possess no charge.

Since protons are positively charged, they repel each other strongly (like charges repel). This strong repulsion of like charges makes the nucleus somewhat unstable leading to spontaneous fission of heavy nuclei.

However, an opposing force called nuclear attractive force tends to hold the nucleons together. This attraction occurs when two nucleons are bonded by a particle called a π meson.

Hence, the two forces that act in the nucleus to create a  'nuclear tug-of-war' are electrostatic repulsion and a strong nuclear force.

Which processes involve nuclear changes?
A. fission and fusion
B. erosion and weathering
C. combustion and oxidation
D. evaporation and condensation

Answers

Answer:

Nuclear processes, including fusion, fission, and radioactive decays of unstable nuclei, involve changes in nuclear binding energies.

Explanation:

mark me brainliest please

A jar is filled to the top with water, and a piece of cardboard is slid over the opening so that there is only water in the . If the jar is now turned over, will the cardboard fall off? What will happen if there is any air in the jar?

Answers

Answer:

it will all fall unless these is air

Explanation:

Answer:

If you do it carefully enough, a small amount of water will pour out of the glass — that's supposed to happen. But try not to let any air bubbles get into the glass. Finally, slowly remove the hand holding the cardboard in place.

Which is NOT part of the male reproduction system of a flower? stamen pollen anther pistil​

Answers

Answer:

Pistil

Explanation:

I believe it is the pistil, because the pistil is part of the female reproductive system of a flower. A stamen is for the male reproductive system.

I also think it’s pistil

When writing the formulas for a compound that contains a polyatomic ion, ... ?​

Answers

Answer:

The cation is written first in the name; the anion is written second in the name. Rule 2. When the formula unit contains two or more of the same polyatomic ion, that ion is written in parentheses with the subscript written outside the parentheses.

When writing the formula of a compound that contains polyatomic ion, the metal is written first followed by the central atom in the ion and then other atoms that surround the central atom.

A poly atomic ion refers to an ion that comprises of more than one atom. Such ions are common in chemistry. Examples of polyatomic ions include; PO4^3-, BH4^- etc.

When writing the formula of a compound that contains a polyatomic ion, the metal is written first then the central atom in the ion follows before other atoms that surround the central atom in the ion.

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(part 1 of 3) Copper reacts with silver nitrate through a single replacement. If 1.29 g of silver are produced from the reaction, how much copper(II) nitrate is also produced? Answer in units of mol. (part 2 of 3) How much Cu is required in this reaction? Answer in units of mol. (part 3 of 3) 1.0 points How much AgNO3 is required in this reaction? Answer in units of mol.

Answers

Answer:

See explanation.

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the described chemical reaction, we first write the corresponding equation to obtain:

[tex]Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow 2Ag+Cu(NO_3)_2[/tex]

Thus, we proceed as follows:

Part 1 of 3: here, since the molar mass of silver and copper (II) nitrate are 107.87 and 187.55 g/mol respectively, and the mole ratio of the former to the latter is 2:1, we can set up the following stoichiometric expression:

[tex]m_{Cu(NO_3)_2}=1.29gAg*\frac{1molAg}{107.87gAg}*\frac{1molCu(NO_3)_2}{2molAg}*\frac{187.55gCu(NO_3)_2}{1molCu(NO_3)_2} \\\\m_{Cu(NO_3)_2}=1.12gCu(NO_3)_2[/tex]

Part 2 of 3: here, the molar mass of copper is 63.55 g/mol and the mole ratio of silver to copper is 2:1, the mass of the former that was used to start the reaction was:

[tex]m_{Cu}=1.29gAg*\frac{1molAg}{107.87gAg}*\frac{1molCu}{2molAg}*\frac{63.55gCu)_2}{1molCu} \\\\m_{Cu}=0.380gCu[/tex]

Part 3 of 3: here, the molar mass of silver nitrate is 169.87 g/mol and their mole ratio 2:2, thus, the mass of initial silver nitrate is:

[tex]m_{AgNO_3}=1.29gAg*\frac{1molAg}{107.87gAg}*\frac{2molAgNO_3}{2molAg}*\frac{169.87gAgNO_3}{1molAgNO_3} \\\\m_{AgNO_3}=2.03gAgNO_3[/tex]

Best regards!

Oxygen has 6 valence electrons. how many hydrogen atoms (who have 1 valence electrons) can bond with it? remember the octet rule.

Answers

Answer:

two hydrogen can bonded with oxygen to form H2O

Help help help I will give brainliest

Answers

Answer:

its b alkyne

Explanation:

brinliest po plsss

Answer:

Alkyne so its b

Which statement is true about the rotational period of the moon?


greater than the revolution period around Earth


always changing


less than the revolution period around Earth


equal to the revolution period around Earth

Answers

less than the revolution perilous around earth

The statement is true  about the rotational period of the moon " the rotational period of the moon is equal to the revolution period around Earth."

What is rotational period?

A celestial object's rotation period may relate towards its sidereal rotation period, which is the time it takes for the object to complete one revolution around in its axis of rotation in sidereal seems like to the background stars.

What is revolution period?

The orbital period is also known as the revolution period. it takes for one astronomical object to complete one cycle around another. It refers to planets and asteroids orbiting the Sun, moons orbiting planets, planetary systems orbiting other stars, or double stars in astronomy.

What is moon?

In the night sky, the moon is just the brightest object. The moon doesn't at all produce its own light. It has no radiance. That is visible because the sun's light bounces off of it.

The rotational period of the moon is equal to the revolution period around Earth because the moon's rate of spin becomes tidally locked to its rate of revolution, it maintains the same face oriented towards the Earth In other words, every time the moon rounds the Earth, it rotates exactly once.

Therefore, the rotational period of the moon is equal to the revolution period around Earth will be correct answer.

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What molar concentration (molarity) results when 1.28 L of 14.38 M HCl is diluted to 9.45 L of water?

Answers

Answer:

1.95 M

Explanation:

Molarity is a measure of the molar concentration of a substance (solution). In relation to the volume, it is calculated using the formula as follows;

C1V1 = C2V2

Where;

C1 = initial concentration (M)

C2 = final concentration (M)

V1 = initial volume (L)

V2 = final volume (L)

According to the provided information in this question;

C1 = 14.38 M

C2 = ?

V1 = 1.28 L

V2 = 9.45 L

Using C1V1 = C2V2

14.38 × 1.28 = C2 × 9.45

18.4064 = 9.45 C2

C2 = 18.4064 ÷ 9.45

C2= 1.95 M

Help calculate the density and please type it like this and explain how you got the answer thanks

Mass:
Volume;
Density:

Answers

Answer: 2.5

Explanation:

density= 2.5

mass= 62.5 or 62.50

volume= 25 ( 75-50= 25)

so divide 62.5( or 62.50) by 25 which will led you to 2.5

A chemist observed bubbling and fizzing after adding an acid solution to a
white powdery substance in a beaker. Which of the following can be
inferred?

Answers

Answer:

a chemical reaction occured

Explanation:

bubbling and fizzing after adding a substance, most offten means a chemical reaction is happening

2. Identify the limiting reactant when 4.68 g of iron reacts with 2.88 g of sulfur to produce Fes.
Fe +
_Sg → FeS
B
C с
A
+


Help please I’ll mark brainliest

Answers

Answer:

Iron is limiting reactant

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

Fe + S → FeS

1 mole of iron reacts per mole of Sulfur

To solve this question we must convert the mass of each reactant to moles using molar masses of each reactant. As the reaction is 1:1, the reactant with the lower amount of moles is limiting reactant.

Moles Fe -Molar mass: 55.845g/mol-

4.68g * (1mol / 55.845g) = 0.0838 moles

Moles S -Molar mass: 32.065g/mol-

2.88g * (1mol / 32.065g) = 0.0898 moles

As the amount of moles of Fe < Moles S,

Iron is limiting reactant

When 4.68 g of iron reacts with 2.88 g of sulfur to produce FeS, iron is the limiting reagent.

What is limiting reagent?

If in a chemical reaction two reactants are present and one of them is present in less quantity as compared to other, is known as limiting reagent.

Given chemical reaction is:
Fe + S → FeS

From the stoichiometry of the reaction it is clear that equal moles of both reactant is required for the formation of product, so their mole ratio is 1:1.

Now we calculate the moles by using the formula:

n = W/M, where

W = given mass

M = molar mass

Moles of 4.68g of iron = 4.68g / 55.845g/mole = 0.0838 moles

Moles of 2.88 of sulfur = 2.88g / 32.065g/mole = 0.0898 moles

Moles of iron is less as compare to the sulfur, so it is the limiting reagent.

Hence, iron is the limiting reagent.

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HELP ME PLEASEEEEE its chem
1. The thermal waters of a spring have a hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration of 2.00 x 10-6 M. Calculate the pH of the water.

2. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical. Vinegar is dilute acetic acid, often produced by fermentation. The following is a reversible reaction:
CH3COOH ↔ H+ + CH3COO–
• Write the set up you would use to calculate the Ka of this reaction.
• Calculate the hydrogen ion concentration [H+] of a 0.1 M solution of acetic acid given that the dissociation constant of acetic acid is Ka = 1.8 x10–5. Work must be shown to earn credit.

3. Describe the reaction of a strong acid and a weak base. In general, what will the final pH be when the reaction between equal moles of a weak acid and a strong base is complete? Explain your answer.

Answers

Answer:The thermal waters of a spring have a hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration of 2.00 x . 2. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical.Have a hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration of 2.00 x 10-6 M. Calculate the pH of the water.

Explanation: The thermal waters of a spring have a hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration of 2.  spring have a hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration of 2.00 x 10-6 M. Calculate the pH of the water. 2. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is one of the simplest carboxylic acids. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical.

What does temperature surround when the kinetic energy is moving fast ?

Answers

When the average kinetic energy of its particles increases, the object's thermal energy increases. Therefore, the thermal energy of an object increases as its temperature increases.

In chemistry, we define the temperature of a substance as the average kinetic energy of all the atoms or molecules of that substance. Not all of the particles of a substance have the same kinetic energy. At any given time, the kinetic energy of the particles can be represented by a distribution.

In physics, temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. ... When particles move more quickly, temperature is higher and an object feels warmer. When particles move more slowly, temperature is lower and an object feels cooler.

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Perform an on-line search to find real-world uses for the titration process. State what you find below.

Answers

Answer:

The titration process has quite a few real-world uses, including key roles in the food industry and medical community. The titration process is essentially an analytical technique, as it is used to determine a chemical or physical property of a chemical substance, element, or mixture (such as food). Specifically in the food industry, it is used to allow food manufactuers to determine the quantity of a reactant in a sample. To provide an example, it can be used to find the specific amount of stuff that is usually labeled on the nutrition label, such as sugar, salt, protein, calcium, vitamin C, etc. As for the medical world, pharamcists typically use this process to get the proper mix when compounding medicines. It is used to get the necessary proportions in intravenous drips.

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