Answer:
B.
only people who were wise should run the government.
Explanation:
This is true because, it was believed that philosophers are wise people. For Plato to be saying that "until Kings who are rulers are have the spirit and power of philosophy", He simply means that, until they become wise, cities will be free from evils. Likewise, when the philosophers become kings.
Select the idea that supports how the Anasazi farmers adapt crops to grow in "the colder climate and shorter
growing season," according to Selection 1.
A. by planting seeds from wild varieties
B. by storing seeds through the long winter
C. by importing seeds from other countries
D. by breeding seeds from sturdy varieties
Answer:
B. by storing seeds through the long winter
Answer:
B
Explanation:
by storing seeds through the long winter
HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW
by USHistory.org2016
Creating new laws is what the United States Congress is all about. However, many people criticize Congress for its inefficiency and the length of time that it takes for laws to be passed and enacted. For example, members of the 112th Congress (2011-2012) introduced 6,845 bills, but only 758 were passed. That’s 5%!
The process of creating laws is long and difficult, but our nation’s founders intentionally set it up that way. Our founders didn’t want a process where just a few people would have the power to quickly be able to make all the laws. Instead, they created many hurdles so that many people would have to agree on a law before it could be passed.
Before a bill becomes a law it must pass both chambers of Congress and be signed into law by the president. It may begin its journey at any time, but it must be passed during the same Congressional session of its proposal (a period of one year).
The two chambers of the United States Congress are called the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House has 435 members, and states with larger populations get a larger share of the representatives. States with relatively few people, like Vermont and Wyoming, each get only 1 representative, but Texas gets 36 representatives and California gets 53. The Senate is different. Each state — no matter how big or small it is — gets 2 Senators.
For any bill to pass the House or the Senate, a few very important things must happen. First, the bill must pass through the relevant committee. For example, if there is a bill on farm subsidies,1 the bill is sent to the Agriculture Committee. In this committee, members can recommend changes, and the details of the bill can be edited. Once edits are finished, members of that committee vote to determine whether or not to send the bill to the floor for a vote. Roughly 90% of bills never actually make it out of their committee.
If a majority of members support the bill in committee, then it is moved to the floor where there is a debate and a vote. Since the House has many more members, the debates are timed and members usually have just a few minutes to speak in favor of or in opposition to the bill. The Senate is different and much more complicated; Senators can debate an issue for a far longer amount of time. For example, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was debated for 60 days since some Senators didn’t believe that bill should become a law. After the debates end, a vote is held, and majority rules.
If a bill passes both the House and the Senate with a majority vote, the bill is then sent to a conference committee. A conference committee is formed to merge two versions of a bill — one from the House and one from the Senate — when the two houses cannot easily agree on revisions. The members of the conference committee must come up with a compromise. The revised bill then must go back to the floors of each house and be passed by both houses before it can be sent to the president.
If the president agrees with the bill, he or she can sign it, and then it becomes a law. If the president disagrees with the bill, he or she can veto it. At that point, Congress can override the president’s veto if two-thirds of the members in the House and Senate vote to overturn the veto.
As you can see, it is very hard to pass laws in America, but this can also help protect us from leaders who have bad ideas. Winston Churchill, the former Prime Minister of Great Britain once said, “Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all the others.” When he said this, he may have been thinking about America’s government!
1. What is the central idea of this text
A. Bills become laws once Congress has reviewed them.
B. Bills become laws after approval by either house or Senate
C. Bills become laws only after receiving several reviews and approvals.
D. Bills often do not become laws because they receive a presidential veto
2. What is the meaning of "share" as it is used in paragraph 4?
A. Portion
B. Quality
C. Space
D. Variety
Please help me I have Gifted Common lit and I'm also Dyslexic, it gets really hard reading words and I often skip words causing me to fail. Thankyou! :)
Answer:
c + a
Explanation:
HELP I NEED TO DO THIS REALLY BAD!!!!!Unit 1 Performance Task: Analyzing Telling Details
Instructions: Carefully read the short story, "Powder," by Tobias Wolff.
The two main characters are a father and son. Since the son is the narrator, his
thoughts are often expressed directly. On the other hand, figuring out what the father is
thinking requires paying close attention to the telling details the author includes.
Write a well-written paragraph in which you analyze how the author uses telling details
to provide the reader with insight into the father's thoughts and character.
Answer: The author in this short story decided to use quite a few telling details that describe the father's personality, such as “We should’ve left this morning,” “I can’t let that happen.” and “Don’t ever try this yourself.” These dialogues imply that the father is a reckless person, not very responsible, but also a brave man that still wants his son to be always safe.
Explanation: As you read the story, you can imply that the father and son are on a trip, barely authorized by the mother. The short dialogues in their conversations make the reader infer that the father enjoys having fun without having his feet on the ground. The reader can also know that, when it got late, a sense of realization hit the father, and the phrases he used while trying the craziest things to get the son back home on time, show that, although he is a reckless man, he wants the best for his son and advises him not to follow his example.
The author provided details in order to give the readers insight into the thoughts and character of the father.
From the story, it can be depicted that the father and the son are on a trip. The mother wants really in support of the trip.
The dialogues show that the father was having fun with his son. Later in the story, the man advised his son to go back home. This showed that the man wanted the best for his son. He didn't want him to be late.
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Um this isn’t really a specific question but do y’all got good study hacks✌️
Walk Before An Exam
It’s been proven that exercise can boost your memory and brain power. 20 minutes exercise before an exam can improve overall performance.
2. Speak Out Loud Instead of Simply Reading
Although this may make you look a little crazy, give it a go! You will be surprised how much more you can remember when you’ve said it out loud. Warning: Don’t try this in a crowded library for it will be useless
3. Reward Yourself With A Treat
There are many ways to integrate a reward system into your habits so you learn how to study for exams more efficiently. Here’s a simple way to motivate yourself to study with Gummy Bears:
4. Teach What You Have Learned
The best way to test if you really understand something is to try to teach it to someone else. If you can’t get anyone to listen to you explain the Pythagorean Theorem, why not teach a class of stuffed animals
5. Create Mental Associations
The ability to make connections is not only an easier way to remember information, but it’s the fuel of creativity and intelligence. Steve Jobs famously said “Creativity is just connecting things. When you ask creative people how they did something, they feel a little guilty because they didn’t really do it, they just saw something”.
Mind Maps are an easy way to connect ideas by creating a visual overview of different connections. Read more about the benefits of using Mind Maps to learn here
6. Draw Diagrams
Drawing diagrams will help you to visualise information which would be hard to describe. This creates a visual memory in your mind which can be recalled in an exam. You may even be asked to draw or label diagrams such as the human heart in your exam so get practicing
7. Times New Roman is the Fastest Font to Read
Simply put – there’s a reason why Times New Roman is the default font on most applications
8. Use Apps to Block Distracting Sites
The SelfControl app helps you to avoid distractions by blocking websites for a certain amount of time. Discover more student apps to make student life easier in our blog post “12 Student Apps You Don’t Want to Miss!”.
9. Watch a Documentary on the Topic
Documentaries are an entertaining way of compacting an entire story into a short timeframe. This will help you remember key details from a story plus you may even get extra credit for mentioning that you took the initiative and watched a film about the topic
10. Search Google Like a Pro
Save time when researching sources online by mastering the biggest search engine in the world; Google.
11. Create Flashcards for Quick Memory Buzz
Quickly test your knowledge of key concepts, definitions, quotes and formulas with flashcards.
12. Take Regular Study Breaks
When your brain is working, you need to take regular study breaks to help your brain absorb more information but also to keep you motivated and focused when you are working. Take a short break after 50 minutes study as your focus and concentration will become impaired after this period, anything new after 1 hour 30 minutes does not get assimilated
13. Listen to the Correct Type of Music
In our blog post “Music for Studying: 10 Tips to Pick the Best Study Music” we looked into the area of how the correct types of music can lead to more productive studying by elevating your mood.
14. Make Your Study Space Portable
We may be creatures of habit with favourite seats in the library but information retention actually improves when you vary the places where you study. Check out this Buzzfeed video for more study hacks for exams:
15. Practice, Practice, Practice… it always makes perfection
Practicing sample answers to past exam questions can help train your brain to retrieve information. The same applies to Reading Tests.
16. Don’t Stay Up All Night Before an Exam
Make sure to get adequate rest the nights leading up to your exams (8-9 hours is prefered). When you sleep, your brain assimilates the information you have learned when studying so getting a good night’s sleep will help you remember those pesky maths formulas you need for your exam!
17. Discover News Ways to Learn
Trying new study methods can help you find what really works for you. Use technology to your advantage by watching educational TED Talks or downloading useful dictionary apps for example. Read more about the benefits of learning how to study for exams with technology
18. Use Scents or Gum to Jog Your Memory
This may seem a bit random but spraying an unfamiliar scent while you’re studying is one of the study methods that can help jog your memory when you spray it again just before an exam. Chewing a strange kind of gum will work the same way
19. Study in a Group
Studying in a group can help you collect new insights to enhance your learning experience.
20. Meditate
Meditation is one of the study methods that can help students stay focused when studying. Not only will meditation help you concentrate when studying but it will help reduce pre-exam stress as it improves health
Answer:
light a candle, because smell has been proven to improve memory. turn off any distractions so don't put on tv shows or you tube. instead put on calming music because it relaxes the brain. be comfy so don't sit in a chair unless its comfy instead sit on the couch or your bed. for science you can watch the ameba sisters and take notes because they get the main point and have fun cartoons that explain different parts of science. For english use noredink it lets you customize the questions with your favorite movie/tv show characters to make it more fun.
Explanation:
hope it helped! have a nice day :)
10 POINTS What do readers learn about Mr. White in
the first paragraph of the story? How might this
be related to the theme?
Answer:
its five points stop scamming
Which of the following sentences is not punctuated correctly?
A. The roof was old, peeling, and full of holes.
B. The food was cold, but we ate dinner anyway.
C. No I do not want another sandwich.
D. After my favorite coffee shop closed, I did not know where to go
for coffee.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Answer:
C, no comma after the 'No'
Explanation:
In a short story set in the future, humankind has developed self-aware computers that can learn and make decisions. Unfortunately, the computers have become dominant over people. In a world run by computers, humans are treated as a novelty, the way we might keep a pet. Sometimes they are cared for fairly well, and sometimes they are not. Which is the best statement of the theme of the story? A. The more we know, the more we are capable of. B. Humans must learn to live in harmony with computers. C. Technology can be harmful when taken to extremes. D. Human compassion is not necessary for survival
Answer:
C Technology can be harmful when taken to extreme
Answer:
C
Explanation:
I just got it right on the quiz!! I hope this helps! <3
I need help please 32 points
Answer:
answer 3
Explanation:
Which sentence states an effect of first-person point of view?
A) The reader has the freedom to move around inside the story and is even able to focus on two or more events happening at the same time.
B) The reader is treated to a detailed and very focused account of a single event.
C) The reader feels more emotionally detached from the story's narrator.
D) The reader can know what every character is thinking or feeling.
Answer:
B) The reader is treated to a detailed and very focused account of a single event.
Explanation:
Which of the following sentences is punctuated correctly?
A. Can you see that shark. It's huge!
B. Did you hear that!
C. Can you help me lift this rock off my foot.
D. What can you say about Paul?
Answer:
D
Explanation:
A is wrong because of the period instead of comma
B should end in a question mark
C is also a question
D correct
Mollie, the white mare, becomes concerned about the rebellion because _____. Select all that apply.
A.she worries that the pigs will not be trustworthy
B.she worries that there will not be sugar on the farm
C.she does not want to work alongside the other horses
D. she does not want to stop wearing her ribbons
Answer:
B and D
Explanation:
The given sentence can be filled appropriately using the options B and D.
Who is Mollie the white mare? Mollie the white mare, is a character from George Orwell’s Animal Farm. She is vain and spoilt by Mr. Jones’ constant pampering. Mollie represents the bourgeoisie who care more about their comforts and luxury than actual change. What is Mollie concerned about? Mollie is concerned about two things - Not being able to find sugar for herself on the farm.Missing the ribbons that she wears. These two instances show that she is heavily reliant on human beings.
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Based on the passage, what is the best prediction
about what will become of Antinous?
Which detail from the passage supports this
prediction?
One word only,
my lords, and suitors of the famous queen.
One thing I have to say.
There is no pain, no burden for the heart
when blows come to a man, and he defending
his own oattle - his own cows and lambs.
Here it was otherwise. Antinous
hit me for being driven on by hunger -
how many bitter seas men cross for hunger!
If beggars interest the gods, if there are Furies pent in the
dark to avenge a poor man's wrong, then may
Antinous meet his death before his wedding day!"
- The Odyssey,
Homer
Done
Intro
Answer:
The first one would be
he will die.
The second one would be
"may/Antinous meet his death".
Explanation:
What is the topic of this passage?
What is the author's purpose for writing this passage?
Madagascar is an island lying about 1,000 miles south of
Socotra. The people are Saracens who worship Mahomet.
They have four sheikhs--that is to say, four elders-who
exercise authority over the whole island. ... It is said to
measure about 4,000 miles in circumference. The people
live by trade and industry.
-"The Middle East,"
Marco Polo
Answer:
im pretty sure that it would be about the location and population and size
Explanation:
Answer:
1.The island of Madagascar
2.To inform
Explanation:
Who will show you the answer ? change the voice
Answer:
Who will the answer be shown by? By whom will the answer be shown? The answer will be shown by whom?
Explanation:
Hope this helps! :)
Which is the best explanation of how the main character helps to reveal the
theme?
A. Jack's ability to gather evidence shows that some people have
· surprising talents.
B. Jack's work as a page shows that hard work and determination
pay off.
C. Jack's treatment as a hero shows that honesty is always the best
policy.
D. Jack's dream of becoming a knight shows that you can do
anything you put your mind to.
Answer:Its A
Explanation:Jacks ability to gather evidence shows that some people have surprising talents
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Just did it
#27 which one is correct
Answer:
A. is correct.Explanation:
The most powerful form of communication is what?
А.
verbal.
B.
nonverbal.
C.
a loud voice.
D.
facial expressions.
Answer:
B. Nonverbal
Explanation:
nonverbal communication allows you to see what the person is on the other person's mind. the best communicators are sensitive to emotions.
The most powerful form of communication is nonverbal. Therefore, the correct option is option B.
An essential part of our daily life is communication. It is the process of communicating thoughts, ideas, and information amongst people or groups. Building connections, settling issues, and succeeding in numerous facets of life all depend on effective communication. Engaged listening is a crucial component of communication. It entails listening carefully to the speaker, comprehending what they are saying, and giving pertinent response. Respect for the speaker is shown by active listening, which contributes to the development of trust.
Therefore, the correct option is option B.
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Fun question for someone who sees this: what’s your sexuality?(straight counts) and do you support the LGBTQ+ community? How did you find out you were *insert sexuality*
I identify as pansexual. This means I have no preference. I think all people are beautiful in their own way. I realized I was pan when I was about 12. At first, I thought I was bi, but as time went on I soon realized that I didn't care what identified as. As long as they are kind-hearted to others.
Which statement best states a theme in “Gumption”?
The feeling of powerlessness can inspire acts of bravery.
People must think of others before thinking of themselves.
Hard work and perseverance will pay off over time.
People are often rewarded by society for doing what is right.
Answer:
The feeling of powerlessness can inspire acts of bravery.
Explanation:
After old man Oyster is disrespected by the WPA worker, he stands up for himself. After his son finds out he got in trouble for sticking up for him, he confronts the worker. The disrespect and discrimination prompted them to stand up for themselves. I took the test and this was the right answer.
The statement which best states a theme in “Gumption” is:
A. The feeling of powerlessness can inspire acts of bravery.According to the events in the given book, we can see that Sylvester is denied legitimate work by the government despite his qualifications which were not considered.
As a result of this, his old man Oyster has to come in and fight for his son. However, during the course of this, he is insulted by the worker which prompts Sylvester to become brave and seek retribution by confronting the worker and then engaging in acts of protest.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A
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Read this excerpt from "Birdfoot's Grampa."
But, leathery hands full
of wet brown life,
knee deep in the sumrler
roadside grass,
he just smiled and said
they have places to go to
too.
Why does the author use the words "wet brown life" in this excerpt?
to show that the grass is still alive and growing
to indicate that the mud is all over everything
to signify how wet the night has become
O to point out that the toads are living things
Answer:
To tell the reader that mud was everywhere.
Explanation:
I took the test and got it right. Also because the grass was wet and usually when rain comes down grass becomes moist and breaks down the dirt and turns it into mud. I hope this helps?
Answer:
I think its the grass its not the mud because i got it wrong
Explanation:
So sorry if im wrong :)
How has the meaning of “The Gift of Magi” been influenced by its structure?
explain what the illustration below is describing about communication
We have that the illustration below is describing about communication
The illustration shows the Hindrance in communication between two parties
From the question we are told that
What the illustration below is describing about communication
Generally
The illustration shows the Hindrance in communication between two partiesit is seen in the images above of two person trying to communicate but been hindered by a a barrier as see it cuts across the Message and the Feedback to said messageIt speaks to the difficulty in communication ranging from language barrier to Breakdown of communication medium to any thing that can cause hindrances to communication as a WholeFor more information on this visit
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Choose the best answers from the brackets:-
(5)
(A/AN/The) .....young student once wept in the garden. "Tomorrow
my beloved will only dance with me if.......(takel took taken) her a red
rose.....(and/ but/ so there are none to be found in the entire garden and
my heart must break into two."
He ...(is heard/ has been heard/ was heard) saying so by a nightingale
who instantly thought." Now I (have understood understood/
understand) the mystery of love." She flapped her own wings and flew
off --(for/ tol on) a rose bush and told it......(to give her to give me
gave me) a red rose. The rose bush said, " I ......(wish/ wishes/ am
wishing) I could give you a red rose but my roses are all white as the
foam of the sea."
Her thirst for a red rose got her (to fly/flew/fly) as fast as she could
to another bush. "Give me a red rose for which I will sing the whole day
for you. ......(will you would you/could you?)" Unfortunately, the roses
were more golden than the rays of the sun. sad but optimistic, the
nightingale continued her journey in search of a red rose -a symbol of
love.
Answer:
I hope this answer is correct
Explanation:
ATakeAndIs heardUnderstand OnTo give me Am wishingFlewWill youThe correct answers for the following blanks are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are A, take, but, was heard, have understood, to, to give me, wish, to fly and Would you respectively
1. A young student once wept in the garden. "Tomorrow my beloved will only dance with me if I 2. take her a red rose, 3. but there are none to be found in the entire garden and my heart must break into two."
He 4. was heard saying so by a nightingale who instantly thought, "Now I 5. have understood the mystery of love." She flapped her own wings and flew off 6. to a rose bush and told it 7. to give me a red rose. The rose bush said, "I 8. wish I could give you a red rose, but my roses are all white as the foam of the sea."
Her thirst for a red rose got her 9. to fly as fast as she could to another bush. "Give me a red rose for which I will sing the whole day for you. 10 .Would you?" Unfortunately, the roses were more golden than the rays of the sun. Sad but optimistic, the nightingale continued her journey in search of a red rose - a symbol of love.
Therefore, the correct answers for the following blanks are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are A, take, but, was heard, have understood, to, to give me, wish, to fly and Would you respectively.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
Choose the best answers from the brackets:-
(A/AN/The) 1. .....young student once wept in the garden. "Tomorrow
my beloved will only dance with me if 2. .......(takel took taken) her a red
rose3. .....(and/ but/ so there are none to be found in the entire garden and
my heart must break into two."
He 4. ...(is heard/ has been heard/ was heard) saying so by a nightingale
who instantly thought." Now I 5. ........(have understood understood/
understand) the mystery of love." She flapped her own wings and flew
off 6. --(for/ tol on) a rose bush and told it.7......(to give her to give me
gave me) a red rose. The rose bush said, " I 8. ......(wish/ wishes/ am
wishing) I could give you a red rose but my roses are all white as the
foam of the sea."
Her thirst for a red rose got her.....9. (to fly/flew/fly) as fast as she could
to another bush. "Give me a red rose for which I will sing the whole day
for you. 10. ......(will you would you/could you?)" Unfortunately, the roses
were more golden than the rays of the sun. sad but optimistic, the
nightingale continued her journey in search of a red rose -a symbol of
love.
PLEASE HELP ILL MARK YOU BRAINLIST IF U GET THIS CORRECT
What is the author’s purpose for writing "Marie Curie and the Discovery of Radioactivity"?
A. to entertain the reader with a depiction of Curie's family life
B. to inform the reader about Curie’s discovery of radium
C. to inform the reader about Curie's reasons for buying pitchblende
D. to entertain the reader with stories about scientists working during the late 1800s
Answer:
The answer is B. to inform the reader about Curie's discovery of radium
Explanation:
Here are all the correct answers for the test! (Click on capture 2 if you want the answer for this question) Hope this helps, and have a good day! (:
The author’s purpose for writing "Marie Curie and the Discovery of Radioactivity is to inform the reader about Curie’s discovery of radium. Thus, option B is correct.
Who is the author?
An author is a person who writes about a subject and provides information to readers or viewers. Additionally, there are writers that can produce a play, a book, or even an essay. It may be more than anything else, such as factual information.
The main purpose of writing Marie Curie and the Discovery of Radioactivity was to make sure that the person are aware that they went on a cruize the people often discovered things.
But when they went to the discovery taht were present of the radium that was presenht in the voyage. The thing they found was radioactivity.
Therefore, option B is the correct option.
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3. You can conclude that the cactus
must store a lot of water because...
A. It grows in an area with little rain.
B. There are many animals nearby.
It has a long growing season.
What details support the answer
Pls help me with this question 20 points for this question
Answer:
c looks the most comical it's not a for sure
Remember that a dash is used to show an abrupt break or change in thought or to set off a summary statement or an interrupting idea. An ellipsis is used to show an incomplete thought trailing off, a longer-than-usual pause in speech, or hesitation in speech. In each item, identify the change needed, if any, so that the sentence uses punctuation correctly. If a sentence is correct as is, choose "No changes are needed." Select "Check Answers" to see how well you did.
Hi, you've asked an incomplete question. However, I provided examples where an ellipsis is used in a sentence.
Explanation:
Here are some sentence examples with the omission (ellipsis application) bolded:
1. Last year our school was invited to five competitions, however, in John's school they were invited to only three... (omission of 'competitions')
2. I never wanted to own many vehicles, but Sarah wanted to own more than five... (omission of 'vehicles')
How does walker reveal Dee's character by describing in "Everyday use," by Alice Walker
A.) By using flashback
B.) By using symbolism
C.) By foreshadowing events to come
D.) By changing the tone
Answer: by using symbolism
Explanation: I took the test and got it right
hiii! please answer both :)
Answer: 1)immortal
2)implored
Write a full essay using facts and statistics over the topic of the gender pay gap.
Answer:
The gender pay gap or gender wage gap is the average difference between the remuneration for men and women who are working. Women are generally considered to be paid less than men. There are two distinct numbers regarding the pay gap: non-adjusted versus adjusted pay gap. The latter typically takes into account differences in hours worked, occupations chosen, education and job experience. In the United States, for example, the non-adjusted average female's annual salary is 79% of the average male salary, compared to 95% for the adjusted average salary.
The reasons link to legal, social and economic factors, and extend beyond the 'equal pay for equal work'., in which case the full-time equivalent is used to obtain the remuneration for an equal amount of paid hours worked. by city, by job, or within a single organization.
Adjusting for different causes cus on a specific factor, by controlling for other factors. For example, to eliminate the role of horizontal and vertical segregation in the gender pay gap, salary can be compared by gender within a specific job function. To eliminate transnational differences in the job market, measurements can focus on a single geographic area instead.
Reasons
The non-adjusted gender pay gap is not itself a measure of discrimination. Rather, it combines differences in the average pay of women and men to serve as a barometer of comparison. Differences in pay are caused by occupational segregation, vertical segregation, ineffective equal pay legislation, women’s overall paid working hours, and barriers to entry into the labor market .
Some variables that help explain the non-adjusted gender pay gap include economic activity, working time, and job tenure.
Eurostat estimated in 2016 that after allowing for average characteristics of men and women, women still earn 11.5% less than men. Since this estimate accounts for average differences between men and women, it is an estimation of the unexplained gender pay gap.
Industry sector
Occupational segregation or horizontal segregation refers to inequality in pay associated with occupational earnings.
In Jacobs, Boyd et al. refer to the horizontal division of labor as "high-tech" versus "high-touch" with high tech being more financially rewarding. Men are more likely to be in relatively high-paying, dangerous industries such as mining, construction, or manufacturing and to be represented by a union. Women, in contrast, are more likely to be in clerical jobs and to work in the service industry. In 1998, adjusting for both differences in human capital and in industry, occupation, and unionism increases the size of American women's average earnings from 80% of American men's to 91%.
A 2017 study by the US National Science Foundation's annual census revealed pay gaps in different areas of science: there is a much larger proportion of men in higher-paying fields such as mathematics and computer science, the two highest-paying scientific fields. Men accounted for about 75% of doctoral degrees in those fields, and expected to earn $113,000 compared with $99,000 for women.