under chief justice john marshall (1801-1835), supreme court decisions generally upheld alexander hamilton's belief that a) a national debt would violate the economic principles of the constitution b) states should have more economic power than the federal government c) the power of congress should be greater than the power of the president d) a loose interpretation of the constitution could be used to increase federal power

For the purpose of financing their triumph over France, the england raised colonial levies. both to pay for the continuing colonial government and the Seven Years War.

england was left with a significant war debt during the Seven Years War, also known as the French and Indian War in North America, and tried to boost revenue from its colonies in order to pay it off. They accomplished this, among other things, by passing a number of tax laws, including the Stamp Act, the Sugar Act, and the Quartering Act. New taxes, such as those on sugar, paper, and legal papers, were placed on the colonies as a result of these legislation. The colonists felt the taxes were unfair and levied without their agreement, which caused considerable rage and opposition among them. The American Revolution and the eventual independence of the colonies from British authority were the results of this resistance in the end.

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A vocabulary is a useful and essential tool for communication and knowledge acquisition that typically develops with age.

Communication is the interchange of ideas between people using a shared symbolism.

Science and technological advancements, which by their very nature have highlighted humans as communicative beings, have sparked interest in communication.

The telegraph and telephone were among the first and most notable instances of inventions made possible by technological innovation, followed by additional innovations like wireless radio and telephoto lenses.

These media have been responsible for the rise and social power of the new phenomenon of mass communication. Popular newspapers and periodicals, broadcasting, motion pictures, and television led to institutional and cultural innovations that permitted efficient and quick communication between a few people and large populations.

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No, since the federal question legislation gives the federal court authority. Each person will be treated fairly so long as even the state's laws are upheld.

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One economic reason for becoming a Nazi paratrooper in Germany in the 1930s could have been the promise of employment and economic stability. At the time, Germany was facing high unemployment and economic turmoil as a result of the Great Depression. The Nazi Party, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, promised to address these issues and improve the economy by implementing policies such as public works programs and rearmament. Joining the military, including the paratroopers, would have provided individuals with a steady source of income and job security. Additionally, the Nazi regime promised to build a strong, self-sufficient economy and to create a sense of national pride and unity, which would have been attractive to some individuals.

The suffrage movement divide over this topic reflected opposing perspectives on whether political rights or sexual and moral issues should be the movement's major priority.

The women's suffrage movement was split into two separate suffrage groups that concentrated on distinct methods to obtain women voting rights as a result of their vehement disagreement over adopting the 15th Amendment.

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton disagreed with their acquaintance. They insisted on gaining the right to vote for both men and women at the same time. Indeed, they occasionally contended that white women were more competent to vote than Black males, and they sided with opponents of Black suffrage.

These two organisations were the'suffragists,' who fought peacefully through techniques such as lobbying, and the'suffragettes,' who campaigned violently. Their aggressive activism occasionally involved illegal and violent activities that received a lot of attention.

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An individual who looks for natural resources like oil, minerals, or precious metals is known as a prospector. They frequently employ geological and geophysical methods to locate potential resource-rich locations.

Pros of prospecting in the oil industry are: -
The chance of finding additional oil sources that can be developed and exploited to satisfy the world's energy needs.
The capacity of oil-producing regions to provide employment and economic prosperity.

Cons of oil industry prospecting include: -
The effects of drilling on the environment, which may include pollution and harm to natural ecosystems.
The possibility for disputes over the usage of resources and land with nearby communities.

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Answer: Philadelphia, Pennsylvanian

Explanation: :)

Answer:

C. Roman soldiers

Explanation:

The Silk Road was a network of trade routes that connected Asia and Europe, running through areas such as China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean. Traders, merchants, and other travelers along the Silk Road faced a variety of dangers, including extreme temperatures, difficult mountains, and bandits. However, Roman soldiers were not a danger encountered by tradesmen on the Silk Road because the Roman Empire did not control the territories that the Silk Road passed through and had no direct involvement in the trade on the Silk Road.

By a vote of seven to one (one justice abstained), the U.S. Supreme Court advanced the contentious "separate but equal" theory for determining whether racial segregation laws were constitutional in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson on May 18, 1896.

The Fourteenth Amendment's (1868) equal-protection clause, which forbids the states from depriving "equal protection of the laws" to any individual within their jurisdictions, was the subject of the first significant investigation in Plessy v. Ferguson.

A Louisiana state law that permitted "equal but distinct accommodations for the white and coloured races" was maintained by the Supreme Court's decision in this case.

Three amendments to the Constitution and other measures enacted by Congress during the Reconstruction era guaranteed political rights for Black Americans.

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The business organizers that receive special favors from congress are the people that start up their own business as it helps to increase the economy of nation.

Business and the economy are related because businesses offer the commodities and services that create or regulate prosperity in an area or nation. Businesses therefore support a healthy economy by offering the goods and services that customers buy and engage in. The cycle of the economy is driven by business.

Local business ownership guarantees that significant choices are taken locally by those who will be affected by those decisions. Locally held companies employ more people in the community and, in some industries, pay and offer better advantages than franchises.

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The defeat of the Mau Mau and Kenya's independence. There is a little contentious theory that claims that no British were first killed because the rebels were peacefully attempting to establish their own nation.

Independence is a state in which a person, a group of people, a country, or a state has the ability to govern themselves and, typically, to exercise sovereignty over their territory. When a country is free from all types of foreign colonialism and free to develop its own country or nation without outside intervention, it is celebrated as independence day. It has been disputed for a long time whether gaining independence differs from a revolution, and the issue of using force to establish sovereignty has come up frequently in discussions. In general, revolutions merely seek to redistribute power, with or without a component of emancipation, like in the case of democratization inside a state, which as such may remain unchanged.

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Answer: it helps employees understand the company's different departments, teams, projects, and reporting structures

Explanation:

Answer:

the first one is right.... thanks for the answer btw...

Explanation:

American farmers failed to share in the general economic growth of the united states because of Overproduction and competition causing falling prices.

World War I was the bane of a lot of people's existence. It harmed a lot of communities even though it had been fought with the promise of a better future in the long run. After World War I, a lot of economic opportunities were created but not every group was able to enjoy them.

One such group was that of the farmers. After the war, the farmers had access to new farm equipment which was very helpful but not in this case. This was because there was plenty of production but there was a  decreased demand for food after WW1. This made it difficult for farmers to pay off their crops because so much food wasn't required.

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Lt. William Calley accused of the massacre in My Lai. 109 Vietnamese civilians were killed at My Lai in March 1968, and Lt. William Calley is accused with six allegations of premeditated murder.

Massacres involve the killing of a large number of people, particularly those who are not fighting or who are helpless. A massacre is often thought to be morally reprehensible, especially when it involves numerous political figures and innocent people. The term is a translation of the French word for "butchery" or "carnage." There are also definitional overlaps between the phrases "extrajudicial killing," "mass killing," "pogrom," "war crime," and "pogrom." The word "massacre," which originally meant "slaughterhouse, butchery," was first used in Middle French in the late 16th century. The modern meaning of a massacre is "indiscriminate slaughter, carnage," and the verb that comes after this form are both derived from this word. The Middle French word macecr, which means "butchery, carnage," first occurs in print in the late eleventh century.

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The two pledges that appeared to ease tensions between the United States and Germany were the "Sussex Pledge" and the "Hoover Moratorium."

The "Sussex Pledge" was a promise made by Germany in 1916 to refrain from using submarines to sink merchant ships without warning. However, this pledge was not honored by the German government and attacks on American ships continued.

The "Hoover Moratorium" was a plan proposed by President Herbert Hoover in 1931 to suspend war debt payments and reduce tensions between the US and Germany. However, this plan was not accepted by other countries and did not result in any significant reduction of tensions between the two nations.

Both pledges were intended to ease tensions between the United States and Germany, but in reality, they did not have a significant impact on the relationship between the two countries. Both pledges were not honored, and they failed to bring any real change to the situation and failed to ease the tensions.

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Complete question:

what two pledges appeared to ease tensions between the united states and Germany, but in actuality, did little?

Massive Retaliation, a policy of threatening to use nuclear weapons if a communist state tried to seize territory by force.

The policy of Massive Retaliation was the United States' official national security strategy from the 1950s to the 1970s. This policy stated that if a communist state tried to seize territory by force, the US would respond with a threat to use nuclear weapons. This policy was seen as a deterrent to Soviet aggression during the Cold War, as the US had a much larger nuclear arsenal than the Soviet Union.

It was based on the idea of "Mutual Assured Destruction" which intended to prevent any war by the use of nuclear weapons by both sides, because any nuclear war would destroy both sides.

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Vertical integration has advantages such as market dominance, scale efficiency, and adaptability to supply chain disruptions. The disadvantages of vertical integration include excessive costs, a lack of flexibility, and a loss of focus.

Vertical integration calls for the direct ownership of suppliers, distributors, or retail locations in order for a firm to have more control over its supply chain. Gaining better productivity, spending less money, and having more control over the manufacturing or distribution process are some possible advantages.

By integrating various supply chain levels, businesses may control supplies, reduce costs, boost output, and increase efficiency. Vertical integration also encourages economies of scale, preventing supply chain disruption and supplier dominance.

Vertical mergers will have fewer economies of scale since production is at a stage of supply that is different from the stage of demand. Mergers may lead to increased coordination and communication problems inside the larger, more scattered firm.

Vertical integration makes sense as a strategy because it helps a business to reduce costs across multiple sectors of production, ensures better quality control, and enhances the flow and control of information throughout the supply chain.

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D) division of Germany into zones of occupation

Unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany, the division of Germany and Berlin into four occupation zones

One factor essential to the development of early civilization was the ability to produce surplus food.

World history is the history of mankind throughout the world, all regions on Earth, traced back from the Paleolithic era (old stone age). Unlike the history of Earth (which includes the geological history of Earth and the era before human existence), world history consists of the study of archeological records and written records, from ancient times to the present. Historical recording starts from the time the script and the writing system were created, but the origins of civilization go back to the period before the creation of writing, or prehistoric times.

Prehistory starts from the Paleolithic (old stone age), followed by the Neolithic (young stone age) and the Agricultural Revolution (between 8000–5000 BC) in the Fertile Crescent area. The revolution was a major turning point in human history because since then they have been able to cultivate plants and animals.

Along with the development of agriculture, the nomadic lifestyle changed to a sedentary lifestyle as a farmer. [a] The progress of agriculture resulted in the division of worker strata in the harvest business. The working strata led to the emergence of social strata and the development of cities. Many ancient cities developed on the edges of bodies of water (lakes and rivers) that could support life.

During the 3000 year BC, civilization appeared in the Mesopotamian valley (the plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers) in the Middle East, on the banks of the Nile, Egypt, and in the valley of the Indus River . Apart from that, civilization also emerged in the Yellow River valley. In places where ancient civilizations developed, the growth of an increasingly complex society led to the creation of a script to facilitate administration and commerce.

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A plantation owner from Virginia who favored a limited central government would have MOST LIKELY been a member of the Democratic-Republicans.

( Republican Party), often abbreviated GOP which stands for "Grand Old Party" is one of the two major political parties in the United States. The GOP is the more conservative party between the two major parties.

The party founded in Ripon Wisconsin on March 30 1854, as a party against slavery in a new territory. This party is different from the Democratic-Republican Party and Republican National Party.

The Republican Party's first convention was held on July 6, 1854 in Jackson, Michigan. Many of his early policies were inspired by the Whig Party. Many of its early members were from the Free Soil Party and the American Party. Since its establishment, the main opposition has been the Democratic Party.

is one of the two largest political parties in the United States; other than Republicans. The Democratic Party is center left/social democrat, although its policies are less left-wing than labor or social democratic parties in other countries.

In the United States, this party is known as a more "liberal" party. In the 2016 United States General Election, the Democratic Party was defeated by the Republican Party in all areas, both in the parliamentary seats and the presidential election.

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The list of most popular newspapers during the American revolution are:

Newspapers were the primary source of information about events across the states during the Revolutionary War, including eyewitness reports from battles, letters, and breaking news. People in town would either buy the paper or listen to it read aloud.

The format and style of late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century newspapers differ greatly from those of today. Headlines are absent; instead, italics or small capital letters are used to indicate an item of interest in a column. Advertisements are scattered throughout the pages, providing information about popular books.

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Answer:

C. Stayed away and fired cannons

Explanation:

The British navy, led by Sir Francis Drake, defeated the Spanish Armada by using a tactic known as "hit and run". They avoided direct engagements with the larger and heavily armed Spanish ships and instead used their smaller, faster ships to attack the Armada from a distance with cannon fire. Additionally, the English ships were equipped with a new weapon, the "ship-borne longbow," which allowed the English to rain arrows on the Spanish ships. The English navy also benefited from the fact that their ships were more maneuverable and that they had a more experienced crew.

The written grant of authority from the  ling to establish a colony  is called the charter.Charter could be a document that gives colonies the legitimate rights to exist. Charters can give certain rights to a town, city, college, or other institution.

Colonial charters were affirmed when the lord gave an allowance of elite powers for the administration of arrive to proprietors or a settlement company. The charters characterized the relationship of the colony to the mother nation as free from inclusion from the Crown.

All colonial charters ensured to the colonists the unclear rights and benefits of Englishmen, which would later cause inconvenience amid the American Insurgency. Within the moment half of the 17th century, the Crown looked upon charters as deterrents to colonial control and substituted the illustrious area for organizations and exclusive governments.

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written grant of authority from the king to establish a colony is called a?

Pardo described that the group was made of over 400 Mexican American women. Among the core group of organizers, they identified themselves as active in the catholic church is false.

Mothers of East Los Angeles is a group of over 400 Mexican American women who have lived in East Los Angeles for a significant length of time. It transforms "traditional" networks based on family and culture into political assets to safeguard urban life. One of a mother's "traditional" responsibilities is keeping track of her child's academic development. Here, other women may network with other mothers and develop friendships based on a common concern for their children's well-being. Women who are biological mothers are not the only ones who may claim to be mothers. More of "a metaphor for societal concerns," motherhood.

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Answer: Answer D

Explanation: He had been beaten for not eating, and in order to avoid being punished again, he began to eat some food.

The Freedom Riders, a group of Black and White Civil Rights activists, set out on buses to cross the South in opposition to interstate segregation.

In order to protest segregated bus terminals, groups of white and African American civil rights activists took part in Freedom Rides, bus excursions through the American South in 1961.

Bus terminal segregation in the South resulted in segregated interstate travel in the region.

The Freedom Riders opposed this and, in defiance of the South's segregation laws, they boarded buses and traveled across the region as a group.

By traveling in mixed-race groups on interstate buses in the South to protest local ordinances or traditions that enforced racial segregation in seating, the Freedom Riders defied this status quo.

Therefore, as a result, the American Civil Rights Movement gained more legitimacy as a result of the Freedom Rides and the violent responses they sparked.

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Answer: Groups of Black and White civil rights activists known as the Freedom Riders traveled across the South on buses to protest segregation in interstate travel.

Explanation: hope this helps

The aim is to interpret the origin, evolution, and transformation of a nation's past. The shared cultural affinities of the locals are covered in the local history.

What traits define the course of human history?

Without getting into the nitty-gritty, they can be categorized into one of three groups: global history as the history of everything, the history of links, or the history of integration.

4 major national historical characteristics:

Study historical events that are most important to a nation, focusing only on those that are connected to the country.

This research is essential to the residents' sense of national identity.

To understand a nation's present, this is used.

Investigate the connections between important national and international events, focusing on their effects. Examples include the effects of the Second World War in Mexico.

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Características de la historia nacional (necesito 8)