pre-lab questions 1. how does an increase in concentration affect a chemical reaction? 2. when temperature increases, what happens to the molecules in a chemical reaction? 3. how do we measure the average kinetic motion of molecules in a solution?

The volume of the metal sample is 6.2 ml

The theory behind this is that the volume of the metal is what causes the increase in water volume in the cylinder.

This means that by comparing the volume occupied by the water and metal together and the amount occupied by the water alone in the cylinder, you can determine the volume of the metal.

To be more specific, the volume of the metal will be,

Vmetal= Vwater + metal - Vwater

In this case, we have

Vwater = 23.6 ml

Vwater + metal = 29.8 ml

So,

Vmetal = 29.8 ml - 23.6 ml = 6.2 ml

Thus the volume of the metal sample is 6.2 ml.

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If 19.4 grams of ammonium chloride are used, option D (10.63 g) of water are theoretically produced.

The balanced equation for the reaction between ammonium chloride and water is:

NH4Cl + H2O ---> NH3 + HCl

From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of NH4Cl, 1 mole of H2O is produced.

To find out how many grams of water are theoretically produced, we can use the conversion factor of 1 mole = molar mass.

The molar mass of NH4Cl is (114.01 + 41.01) = 18.05 g/mol

19.4 g of NH4Cl is equal to 19.4/18.05 = 1.07 mol

So, theoretically 1.07 mol of H2O is produced, which is equal to the molar mass of H2O (18.02 g/mol) x 1.07 mol = 19.37 grams of water.

So, the answer is 19.37g of water.

Therefore, The correct answer is 19.37g, but option D (10.63 g) is the nearest correct answer as the question given.

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The graph below shows the phase change for water. The statement that describes what is occurring at segment C is energy and temperature remain the same. The correct option is D.

A phase diagram is a visual representation of a substance's physical state under various pressures and temperatures.

Temperature is on the x-axis and pressure is on the y-axis in a typical phase diagram. Phase changes happen as we go across the lines or curves on the phase diagram.

Therefore, the correct option is D. Energy and temperature remain the same.

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below: the graph is attached.

MgCO₃ + 2HCl ⇒ MgCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂ is the balanced chemical equation. Therefore, the missing product is MgCl₂.

The term balanced chemical equation is defined as a chemical equation in which mass is conserved and there are the same numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.

The chemical equation must be balanced in order to obey the law of conservation of mass. When the number of different atoms of elements in the reactants side equals the number of atoms in the products side, the chemical equation is balanced.

Thus, MgCO₃ + 2HCl ⇒ MgCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂ is the balanced chemical equation. Therefore, the missing product is  MgCl₂.

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164.22 grams of sodium fluoride are dissolved in 3.75 L of a 1.55 M solution.

To find the number of grams of sodium fluoride (NaF) dissolved in 3.75 L of a 1.55 M solution, you can use the formula:

molarity (M) x volume (L) x molar mass (g/mol) = mass (g)

Sodium fluoride (NaF) has the following molar mass:

22.99 g/mol (Na) + 19.00 g/mol (F) = 41.99 g/mol

So the mass of sodium fluoride dissolved in 3.75 L of a 1.55 M solution is:

mass (g) = 1.55 M x 3.75 L x 41.99 g/mol = 164.22 g

Therefore, 164.22 grams of sodium fluoride are dissolved in 3.75 L of a 1.55 M solution.

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Answer:

15.6 moles

Explanation:

For every 2 moles of H3PO4 that is reacted, 6 moles of H2O are produced.

So if 5.2 moles of H3PO4 are reacted with calcium hydroxide, calculate the moles of H2O produced by this:

5.2 moles H3PO4 * (6 moles H2O / 2 mole H3PO4) = 15.6 moles H2O

Therefore 15.6 moles of H2O would be produced if 5.2 moles of H3PO4 are reacted with calcium hydroxide.

Volume of one mole of gas at STP = 22.4 L

number of particles in one mole of any substance = 6.022 ×10²³

What is the mass of 9.30 mole of SiH₄ = 298.81

The mole, abbreviated as mol, is the International System of Units' unit of material amount (SI). The amount of substance is a metric for how many elementary entities of a specific substance there are in a given object or sample. An elementary entity can be any of the following, depending on the substance: an atom, a molecule, an ion, an ion pair, or a subatomic particle like an electron. For instance, although having different volumes and masses, ten moles of water (a chemical compound) and ten moles of mercury (a chemical element) contain precisely the same amount of substance and each ion in the mercury is present in exactly one molecule of water.

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Answer:

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as 0 °C (273.15 K) and 100 kPa (1 atmosphere), several elements exist as gases.

The elements that are gases at standard temperature and pressure include:

Helium (He)

Neon (Ne)

Argon (Ar)

Krypton (Kr)

Xenon (Xe)

Radon (Rn)

Hydrogen (H2)

Answer:

At standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as 0 °C (273.15 K) and 100 kPa (1 atmosphere), several elements exist as gases.

The elements that are gases at standard temperature and pressure include:

Helium (He)

Neon (Ne)

Argon (Ar)

Krypton (Kr)

Xenon (Xe)

Radon (Rn)

Hydrogen (H2)

We can calculate the molarity by dividing the quantity of barium hydroxide in moles by the volume of the initial solution.

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Molar mass of (NH4)2SO3 is  116.14 g/mol.(NH4)2SO3 is ammonium sulfite.mass of (NH4)2SO3 is 535.92g

Ammonia and sulphur dioxide in an aqueous solution can react to form ammonium sulfite:

2 NH3 + SO2 + H2O → (NH4)2SO3

mass=no.of moles*molecular weight

molar mass of (NH4)2SO3 =116.14 g/mol

mass=4.62*116

mass=535.92g

Gas scrubbers made of ammonium hydroxide, which are now antiquated, create ammonium sulfite to remove sulphur dioxide from power plant emissions. The Walther Process' foundation is the conversion. Ammonium sulphate can be produced by air oxidising the resultant ammonium sulfite.Sulfite of ammonium is a reducing agent. As it heats up and begins to decompose, it releases sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

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Answer:

0.111 moldm⁻³

First work out the moles of NaOH dispensed from the burette:

1. (25.0/1000)x0.100 = 0.00250 moles of HCl

Next use the balanced equation to reason how many moles of HCl are present in the flask:

2. 1:1 therefore 0.00250 moles NaOH

Lastly, now that you have both the volume and the number of moles of HCl, work out its concentration.

3. 0.0025/(22.5/1000) = 0.111 moldm⁻³

Explanation:

Answer:

The concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.00047 mol/dm³.

Explanation:

The balanced equation for the reaction is:

2 HCl(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) → BaCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O

We know that 25.00 cm³ of the hydrochloric acid reacted with 23.50 cm³ of the 0.100 mol/dm³ barium hydroxide solution.

Given the balanced equation, it is clear that 2 moles of hydrochloric acid react with 1 mole of barium hydroxide. As we know the volume and concentration of the barium hydroxide, we can calculate the number of moles of barium hydroxide present in the 23.50 cm³ of solution.

23.50 cm³ of 0.100 mol/dm³ barium hydroxide = (23.50 x 0.100) / 1000 = 0.00235 moles

As 2 moles of hydrochloric acid react with 1 mole of barium hydroxide, and we know the number of moles of barium hydroxide, we can calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid.

0.00235 moles of barium hydroxide / 2 = 0.001175 moles hydrochloric acid

We have the number of moles of hydrochloric acid, we can calculate the concentration in mol/dm³.

0.001175 moles hydrochloric acid / 25.00 cm³ = 0.00047 mol/dm³

The concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.00047 mol/dm³.

A reaction between a methane and oxygen molecule collision could not occur for a number of reasons: (1) The energy of the impact could not be sufficient to withstand the reaction's activation energy.

(2) The reactant molecules may not establish chemical connections with one another because the impact may not be directed properly. (3) The reactant molecules may not have enough time to form chemical interactions with one another after the impact. (4) It's possible that the reactant molecules lack particular characteristics, such as a specific quantity of unpaired electrons, which are required for chemical reactions to occur. (5) The reaction may be reversible and the products' ability to reactivate the reactants may need more energy.

the smallest component of a material that possesses both its chemical and physical characteristics. One or more atoms make up molecules.

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The independent variable in this experiment is the temperature of the water. The dependent variable in this experiment is the time it takes for the antacid tablets to dissolve.

The independent variable in this experiment is the temperature of the water. This is the variable that is being manipulated and changed in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable. The dependent variable in this experiment is the time it takes for the antacid tablets to dissolve. This is the variable that is being measured and observed in relation to the independent variable. The change in the independent variable (temperature of the water) will result in a change in the dependent variable (time for the antacid tablets to dissolve).

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The total pressure of the gases inside the container is the sum of the partial pressures of all the gases present.

The partial pressure of a gas is the pressure that the gas would have if it were alone in the container at the same temperature. In this case, the container holds three gases: Gas A, Gas B, and Gas C. The partial pressures of Gas A, Gas B, and Gas C are given as 453.9 mmHg, 287.6 mmHg, and 382.4 mmHg, respectively. To find the total pressure of the gases inside the container, we add the partial pressures of all three gases: 453.9 mmHg + 287.6 mmHg + 382.4 mmHg = 1123.9 mmHg. Therefore, the total pressure of the gases inside the container is 1123.9 mmHg.

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Answer:  Chemistry, like physics and biology, is a natural science. In fact, there is considerable overlap between chemistry and these other disciplines. Chemistry is a science that studies matter. This includes atoms, compounds, chemical reactions, and chemical bonds.

Explanation:  Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the elements that make up matter to the compounds made of atoms, molecules, and ions: their composition, structure, properties, behavior, and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other substances.

A 64.8 g 64.8 g sample of the compound x2o5 x 2 o 5 contains 48.0 g 48.0 g of oxygen atoms. The molar mass of element x is 56 g/mol.

To determine the molar mass of element X, we can use the information provided about the mass of the compound and the mass of the oxygen atoms.

First, convert the mass of the compound to moles by dividing it by the molar mass of the compound:

(64.8 g) / (molar mass of X2O5) = moles of X2O5

Next, use the moles of X2O5 to determine the moles of oxygen atoms by multiplying by the number of oxygen atoms per molecule of X2O5:

moles of X2O5 x (5 moles of O / 1 mole of X2O5) = moles of O

Then, convert the mass of the oxygen atoms to moles by dividing it by the molar mass of oxygen:

(48.0 g) / (16.00 g/mol) = 3.00 moles of O

We know that the mass of the compound is equal to the mass of the element X and the mass of the oxygen atoms.

mass of X = mass of the compound - mass of the oxygen atoms

mass of X = 64.8 - 48.0 = 16.8 g

convert the mass of element X to moles by dividing it by the molar mass of X:

(16.8 g) / (molar mass of X) = moles of X

Now we can calculate the molar mass of element X by using the moles of X and the mass of X

molar mass of X = mass of X / moles of X

molar mass of X = 16.8 g / (3.00 moles of O x (1 mole of X2O5 / 2 moles of X)) = 56 g/mol.

The molar mass of element X is 56 g/mol.

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Atomic mass is the sum of the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom, while atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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Answer:

The answer is B

Explanation:

That's what the person above said.

Neither Compound A nor Compound B is aromatic.

The statement "compound A is a 3 carbon ring with a double bond between carbons 1 and 2. carbon 3 has a lone pair and a negative charge and is bonded to one hydrogen" and "compound b is a 5 carbon ring with two double bonds. the non-alkene carbon has a carbocation" is true.

Compound A is not considered to be aromatic because it does not meet the criteria for aromatic compounds. Aromatic compounds have a specific type of cyclic and fully conjugated system of electrons which allows them to have delocalized pi electrons and a cyclic ring of alternating single and double bonds. Compound A has a three-carbon ring with a double bond between carbons 1 and 2, but the third carbon has a lone pair and a negative charge, which breaks the conjugation of the ring.

It also lacks the cyclic ring of alternating single and double bonds, which is a requirement for aromaticity.

Compound B is not considered to be aromatic because it does not meet the criteria for aromatic compounds. Aromatic compounds have a cyclic ring of alternating single and double bonds. Compound B has a 5-carbon ring with two double bonds but it also has a carbocation which again breaks the conjugation of the ring and it is not a cyclic ring of alternating single and double bonds.

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Mole present in 85 grams of calcium is 2.12 moles

It is given that

given mass of calcium = 85 grams

molar mass of calcium = 40 grams

We have to find the moles

The mole is the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12, its symbol is “mol”

moles = given mass/molar mass

moles = 85 gram/40 gram

moles = 2.12

Hence, moles in 85 grams of calcium is 2.12 moles

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The amount of heat needed to boil 15.5 g of methanol (ch3oh). the molar heat of vaporization for methanol is 35.21 kj/mol. the molar mass of methanol is 32.04 g/mol.

To calculate the amount of heat needed to boil 15.5 g of methanol, we need to use the formula: Q = mL

Where Q is the heat energy, m is the mass of the substance, and L is the molar heat of vaporization.

First we need to find the moles of methanol:

moles = mass / molar mass

moles = 15.5 g / 32.04 g/mol = 0.4828 moles

Then we can calculate the heat energy required to boil the methanol:

Q = mL

Q = 0.4828 moles * 35.21 kJ/mol

Q = 17.04 kJ

So, 17.04 kJ of heat energy is required to boil 15.5 g of methanol.

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The fact that the amount of substances is fundamental means that its unit, the mole should be a base unit.

We have to know that the SI unit is the internationally accepted unit that we can be able to use to obtain the quantities that are basic in physics. We know that there are some units that we call the base units.

The reason why we call them the base units is because all other computations are based on them. The mole should be a base unit because the mole deals with the amount of substance which is quite fundamental in science.

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If we have 325 grams of glucose and 137 grams of oxygen, the limiting reagent is oxygen. The mass of carbon dioxide that will be produced is 137 grams.

This means that the reaction will be limited by the amount of oxygen available, and not by the amount of glucose. The mass of carbon dioxide that will be produced will be equal to the mass of oxygen used in the reaction. In this case, 137 grams of carbon dioxide will be produced.

The reaction can be written as: glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water. This equation shows that for every molecule of glucose, 6 molecules of oxygen are needed to produce 6 molecules of carbon dioxide and 6 molecules of water.

Therefore, the amount of carbon dioxide produced will depend on how much oxygen is available. In this case, 137 grams of oxygen is available, so 137 grams of carbon dioxide will be produced.

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The change in entropy Δs when 3.4 g of diethyl ether condenses at 34.6 °C is 4.1 J/K.

Enthаlpy (H) is defined аs the аmount of energy releаsed or аbsorbed during а chemicаl reаction. Entropy (S) defines the degree of rаndomness or disorder in а system.

The relаtionship between both pаrаmeters is given аs;

ΔS = ΔH ÷ T

ΔH = 26.7 KJ/mol for 1 mol of diethyl ether

number of moles = mаss ÷ molаr mаss

number of moles = 3.4 ÷ 72 = 0.04722

ΔH = 26700 × 0.04722 = 1260.77 J

T = 34.6 + 273 = 307.6 (upon converting to Kelvin temperаture)

ΔS = 1260.77 ÷ 307.6

ΔS = 4.1 J/K

Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question can be seen in the Attachment.

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If the natural abundance of chlorine-35 is 75.8% and that of chlorine-37 is 24.2%, then the average atomic mass of chlorine will be 35.44 amu.

Chlorine exists in two isomeric forms which are the chlorine-35 and chlorine-37. The atomic mass of the chlorine elements is basically the average atomic mass of its isotopes depending upon their abundance in nature.

The atomic mass of chlorine-35 is 34.97amu and a natural abundance equal to 75.8 %. The atomic mass of chlorine-37 is equal to 36.97 amu with an abundance of 24.2%.

To calculate the average atomic mass of chlorine,

The abundance of chlorine-35 = 75.8% = 0.758

The abundance of chlorine-37 = 24.2% = 0.242

⇒ Average atomic mass = 34.97 × 0.758 + 36.97 × 0.242

⇒ Average atomic mass = 26.50 + 8.94

⇒ Average atomic mass = 35.44 amu  

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The concentration of the strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)₂ solution is 0.083 M.

The pH of a solution is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution and as such is a measure of the acidity or basicity of the solution.

The letters pH stand for "power of hydrogen" and the numerical value is defined as the negative base 10 logarithms of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions.

Mathematically;

pH = - log [H⁺]

pOH = 14 - pH

where;

[H⁺] = concentration  of hydrogen ions

[OH⁻] = concentration of hydroxide ions

pOH = 14 - 13.22

pOH = 0.78

The concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution is:

[OH⁻] = 10⁻⁰°⁷⁸

[OH⁻] = 0.166 M

The concentration of the strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)₂ solution = 0.166/2 M

The concentration of the strontium hydroxide, Sr(OH)₂ solution = 0.083 M

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Answer:

Explanation:

Dipole-dipole interactions are a type of chemical bonding that occurs between two polar molecules. In a dipole-dipole interaction, the positively charged end of one molecule is attracted to the negatively charged end of another molecule. This creates a strong force between the two molecules, which holds them together. Dipole-dipole interactions are weaker compared to covalent and ionic bonds, but they can still play an important role in determining the properties of a substance.

Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of fuels that store chemical energy. The chemical energy in these fuels is transformed into heat energy when they are burnt. Some fuels, known as fossil fuels.

are composed of the remnants of plants and animals that existed millions of years ago.Coal was generated by burying dead plants in mud and silt, which prevented them from decaying. More muck covered and squished the plants over time, and the sludge hardened into rock.Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of fuels that store chemical energy. The chemical energy in these fuels is transformed into heat energy when they are burnt. Some fuels, known as fossil fuels. The dead plants were converted into coal. Plants and animals that fell to the sea floor and were covered by silt produced oil and Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of fuels that store chemical energy. The chemical energy in these fuels is transformed into heat energy when they are burnt.

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The value of the Kp is 0.0036.

Kp is used to represent the equilibrium constant expression in terms of partial pressure. Equilibrium constant Kp is measured when the partial pressure of products is divided by partial pressure of reactants and the partial pressure are raised with some power which is equal to the coefficient of the substance present in the balanced chemical equation.

                      A    +     B     ⇆     2C

t = 0              3.4         7.5            0

Equilibrium  3.4 - x     7.5 - x      2x

According to the question,

2x = 0.57

⇒ x = 0.57/2 = 0.285

Kc = (2x)²/{(3.4 - x) (7.5 - x)}

⇒Kc = (0.285)²/(3.115 × 7.215)

⇒Kc = 0.081225/22.47425

⇒Kc = 0.0036

The given question is incomplete so I have answered it on general basis.

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The conclusion the student that the colorless liquid that was added to anhydrous copper {ii} sulfate which turned blue is pure water because anhydrous copper {ii} sulfate does not react with pure water.

A sample of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate becomes blue when water is present.

In the absence of water, it is also known as anhydrous copper(II) sulfate and is colorless.

When water molecules are added to anhydrous copper {ii} sulfate, the individual water molecules are held within the ionic lattice surrounding the copper(II) ions, it is still a dry solid resulting in the formation of blue hydrated copper {ii} sulfate.

This reaction does not occur with pure water.

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Matter and energy move in and out of the atmosphere through several processes.

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