Instead of filling vacant instructor positions with new full-time faculty, Hope College can take advantage of
A) temporary employees.
B) technological innovation.
C) turnover reductions.
D) new external hires.
E) retraining.

The problem of decision makers being motivated to pour more resources into a failing project because of the large value of resources already put into the project is known as the sunk costs effect. Therefore, the correct answer is "Sunk costs effect."

The sunk costs effect refers to the tendency for decision makers to continue investing resources into a project or endeavor that is failing, due to the amount of resources already invested. This can be a result of the individual's desire to justify their past decisions and avoid feeling like they have wasted resources or made a poor decision. This can lead to a suboptimal outcome for the organization, as resources are being allocated inefficiently, and the project may not be salvageable.

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To calculate the present value of an auto loan using period and interest we can use the PV function in Excel. In cell E2, we can enter the following formula:
=PV(5.25%/12,4*12,-450)

The first argument, 5.25%/12, represents the monthly interest rate. We divide the annual interest rate by 12 to get the monthly rate.

The second argument, 4*12, represents the total number of months in the repayment period. We multiply the number of years by 12 to get the total number of months.

The third argument, -450, represents the payment amount. We use a negative sign because the payment is an outflow of cash.

When we enter this formula, we get a positive value of $18,620.37, which represents the present value of the auto loan.

This means that if we were to borrow $18,620.37 today and make monthly payments of $450 at a 5.25% annual interest rate for 4 years, we would be able to pay off the loan.

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The total amount of budgeted direct labor for April is $12,780

The total amount of budgeted direct labor for April at Swifty Mugs can be calculated using the given information.
1. Determine the total direct labor hours required:
Each mug requires 0.5 hours of direct labor and Swifty Mugs plans to produce 2130 mugs in April.
Total direct labour hours = 0.5 hours/mug * 2130 mugs = 1065 hours

2. Calculate the total cost of direct labor:
Employees are paid $12.00 per hour.
Total direct labour cost = 1065 hours * $12.00/hour = $12,780

So, the total amount of budgeted direct labor for April is $12,780.

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The most accurate statement among the given options is b. For a given euro interest rate and constant expected exchange rate, a rise in the interest rate offered by dollar deposits causes the dollar to appreciate.

When the interest rate on dollar deposits increases, it makes holding dollars more attractive for investors as they can earn higher returns. Consequently, the demand for dollars goes up. With a given euro interest rate and constant expected exchange rate, the increased demand for dollars will cause the dollar's value to appreciate relative to other currencies, such as the euro.

This appreciation of the dollar means that it takes fewer dollars to purchase one euro, and the exchange rate between the two currencies shifts in favor of the dollar.

In summary, when the dollar interest rate rises, and the euro interest rate and expected exchange rate remain constant, the increased demand for dollars leads to the appreciation of the dollar relative to the euro.

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If the long-run aggregate supply curve shifts left, prices would increase and output would decrease.

The long-run aggregate supply curve represents the economy's potential output when all resources are fully utilized. A leftward shift in this curve would indicate a decrease in the economy's potential output, which would lead to a decrease in actual output in the short run. This decrease in output would put upward pressure on prices as the economy would be producing less than what is demanded.

The shift in the long-run aggregate supply curve could be caused by various factors such as a decrease in the availability of natural resources, a decrease in the quality of labor, or a decrease in the level of technological advancement. Whatever the cause may be, the result is a decrease in the economy's potential output, which would lead to an increase in prices and a decrease in output of the demand.

It is important to note that in the long run, the economy will adjust to the new potential output level and output will return to its natural level, but at a higher price level. However, in the short run, there will be a decrease in output and an increase in prices.

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Your answer: c. purchases journal. The purchases journal is not used in the revenue cycle. The revenue cycle involves recording transactions related to sales and cash receipts. The purchases journal is used in the expenditure cycle, which records transactions related to the acquisition of goods and services.

The purchases journal is not used in the revenue cycle. This journal is used to record all purchases made by a company, while the revenue cycle involves recording sales and cash receipts. The other options, including the cash receipts journal, sales journal, and general journal, are all used in the revenue cycle to record receipts and purchases.

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Muller company sponsors a performance-based stock option plan. When the options are granted, Muller should recognize related compensation expense if the achievement of the performance-based condition is probable.

This means that the achievement of the performance-based condition must be likely to occur for Muller to recognize the compensation expense.

In accounting, the recognition of compensation expense is based on the matching principle, which requires that expenses be recognized in the same period as the related revenue. In this case, the compensation expense is related to the stock options granted, and the revenue is related to the performance-based condition.

Therefore, the recognition of the compensation expense is contingent on the achievement of the performance-based condition, and it must be probable for the expense to be recognized. If the achievement of the performance-based condition is not probable, the compensation expense should not be recognized until it becomes probable.

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The statement "When faced with seasonal demand, a firm should use a combination of pricing (to manage demand) and production and inventory (to manage supply) to improve profitability" is true because it is important for a firm to use the combination to manage demand and supply.

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The decision to hire 50 new warehouse employees at Rodriguez Distributing for the account with Big Grocery Retailer would most likely be made by the board of directors with the consent of the officers.

In a company, the board of directors is responsible for making major decisions, such as hiring a large number of new employees. They have the authority to oversee the company's overall direction and make strategic decisions to ensure its growth and success.

Meanwhile, the officers, including the CEO and other executives, manage the day-to-day operations of the company.

In this situation, the board of directors would assess the need for additional employees and determine if hiring 50 new warehouse workers is the best course of action for the company. They would then communicate with the officers to discuss the implementation of this decision and receive their input and consent.

The officers would be responsible for executing the board's decision and ensuring the successful onboarding and integration of the new employees into the company. This collaboration between the board of directors and the officers ensures that both the strategic and operational aspects of the decision are considered and properly executed.

In summary, the decision to hire 50 new warehouse employees at Rodriguez Distributing would be made by the board of directors with the consent of the officers to ensure the company's success with its new account with Big Grocery Retailer.

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Variable costs can be related to manufacturing or nonmanufacturing activities and can change per unit as activity changes. They can only vary based on one measure of activity and change in direct proportion to some unit of measure.

Variable costs: Can be related to manufacturing or nonmanufacturing activities, Change per unit as activity changes, Can only vary based on one measure of activity, Change in direct proportion to some unit of measure, So the correct options are: Can be related to manufacturing or nonmanufacturing activities, Change per unit as activity change, Can only vary based on one measure of activity, Change in direct proportion to some unit of measure

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Accumulated earnings per share represent the portion of a company's retained earnings that is allocated to each outstanding share of common stock.

To calculate accumulated earnings per share, we need to first calculate the total amount of retained earnings, which is $20,000,000. Then, we divide this by the total number of outstanding shares, which is 500,000.

Therefore, the accumulated earnings per share for the firm would be:

$20,000,000 / 500,000 = $40 per share

This means that for every share of common stock outstanding, the firm has accumulated earnings of $40 that have not been paid out as dividends or used for other purposes. It is important to note that this calculation only provides an estimate of the value of the company's retained earnings per share, and other factors such as future earnings projections and dividend policies may impact the ultimate value of the company's stock.

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In this case, Fournotts Corp. needs to increase awareness of its product in the market. One effective strategy to do so would be using selective advertising.

Selective advertisers make the assumption that a primary demand already exists. For instance, a radio manufacturer may focus its promotion on highlighting the characteristics of its product rather than the advantages of radio ownership in general because it knows that some consumers are already in the market for one. A higher return on advertising investment is the main benefit of targeted advertising campaigns. The extra time and money required to create and produce advertising messages for consumers who might not be in a brand's target market are reduced through selective advertising. This involves targeting specific demographics or groups of people who are most likely to be interested in the product. By doing this, the company can ensure that its advertising efforts are not wasted on people who are not likely to purchase the product.

Additionally, marketers could also consider partnering with relevant organizations or influencers to promote the filter and its benefits.

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True. When a firm establishes a single advertising and promotional strategy that can be implemented globally, it is creating a global advertising campaign. This type of campaign is designed to reach a global audience and convey a consistent message across multiple markets and regions.

A global advertising campaign is typically characterized by a standardized message and creative approach that is adapted to fit the cultural and linguistic differences of each region. By developing a global advertising campaign, firms can benefit from economies of scale and reduce costs associated with creating individual advertising campaigns for each market.

However, creating a successful global advertising campaign can be challenging, as cultural differences and consumer preferences can vary significantly across different regions. Therefore, it is crucial for firms to conduct extensive research and testing to ensure that their advertising message resonates with their target audience in each market.

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a. The demand function for the BMW is Q = 11,690,000.

b. The price to be charged to maximize profit is $105.  

c. Therefore, the output level to maximize profit is 1,690,000.

a. The equation that relates the price of the BMW to its weekly demand. The demand function will be in the form of Q = aP, where Q is the weekly demand and P is the price of the BMW.

Since the price has been reduced by $5, we need to find the new quantity demanded (Qnew) that will result in the same total revenue (TR) as before the price reduction.

TR = P x Q

TR = $110 x Q

TR = $110 x (20,000 - 2,000)

TR = $110 x 18,000

New quantity demanded = 20,000 - 2,000 = 18,000

Qnew = 18,000 x  105

=1,690,000

Therefore, the demand function for the BMW is Q = 1,690,000 - 1,690,000 x 0.05 = 1,690,000.

b. The price that will result in the highest profit. We can use the profit equation, which is TR - CP, where TR is total revenue and CP is total cost.

Total cost = $80 x Q

Total cost = $80 x 1,690,000

Total cost = $135,200,000

Total revenue = $110 x Qnew

Total revenue = $110 x 1,690,000

Total revenue = $2,189,000,000

Profit = Total revenue - Total cost

Profit =  2,189,000,000−135,200,000

Profit = $1,953,800,000

Therefore, the output level to maximize profit is 1,690,000.

c. Price to be charged to maximize profit, we need to find the price that will result in the highest profit. We can use the profit equation, which is TR - CP, where TR is total revenue and CP is total cost.

Total cost = $80 x Q

Demanded (Qnew) and price (Pnew) from the previous answer, we get:

Total cost = $80 x 1,690,000

Total cost = $135,200,000

Total revenue = $110 x Qnew

demanded (Qnew) and price (Pnew) from the previous answer, we get:

Total revenue = $110 x 1,690,000

Total revenue = $2,189,000,000

Profit = Total revenue - Total cost

= 2,189,000,000−135,200,000

Profit = $1,953,800,000

Therefore, the price to be charged to maximize profit is $105.  

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The statement "Abdulla hired Granite Construction to build an addition onto his home. Granite Construction dug the foundation but then abandoned the project. Granite Construction is entitled to receive the full contract price minus the value of the defects" is false because Granite Construction did not complete the project, so they are not entitled to receive the full contract price.

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The correct answer to the question is B) ethos. Ethos refers to the ethical dimension of persuasive communication, which is the credibility and trustworthiness of the speaker or the source of the message.

Ethos is important in persuasive communication because people are more likely to be convinced by someone who they perceive to be knowledgeable, reliable, and honest.

For example, a celebrity endorsing a product will be more persuasive if they are known for their expertise in the relevant field. Similarly, a politician's persuasive message will be more effective if they have a track record of honesty and integrity.

Therefore, when crafting a persuasive message, it is important to consider the ethical dimension of the message and how the audience perceives the source of the message. By establishing a strong ethos, the speaker can increase their persuasive power and encourage the audience to act on their message.

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The beta of this stock must be approximately 1.10.The formula for calculating the expected return of a stock using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is:Expected Return = Risk-Free Rate + Beta * Market Risk Premium

To solve for beta, we can rearrange the formula as follows:
Beta = (Expected Return - Risk-Free Rate) / Market Risk Premium
Substituting the given values, we get:
Beta = (0.114 - 0.039) / 0.068
Beta = 0.735
Therefore, the beta of this stock must be 0.74 (rounded to 2 decimal places). To find the beta of a stock, we can use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) formula:
Expected Return = Risk-Free Rate + Beta × Market Risk Premium
We have the following values:
Expected Return = 11.4%
Risk-Free Rate = 3.9%
Market Risk Premium = 6.8%
Let's solve for the Beta:
11.4% = 3.9% + Beta × 6.8%
First, subtract the Risk-Free Rate from the Expected Return:
7.5% = Beta × 6.8%
Now, divide both sides by the Market Risk Premium:
Beta = 7.5% ÷ 6.8%
Beta ≈ 1.10

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To prepare a cost of production report using the FIFO method, we need to calculate the equivalent units of production for both materials and conversion costs.

For materials, we take the units completed and the units in process at July 31 and multiply them by the percentage of completion to get the equivalent units of production. For conversion costs, we do the same but for the conversion costs added during the period.

Once we have the equivalent units of production, we can calculate the cost per equivalent unit by dividing the cost added during the period by the equivalent units of production. We then allocate the costs to the units completed and the units in process at July 31 based on their respective equivalent units of production.

Using this method, we can prepare a cost of production report that shows the cost per unit and the total cost of goods completed and in process. This report is useful for management to make decisions about pricing, inventory levels, and production efficiency.

The FIFO method assumes that the first units completed and sold are the oldest units in inventory, which may not always be accurate, but it is a widely used and accepted costing method.

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1.$138,0001

2.$144,000

3.Greatland Preschool could use its projected income for various purposes that benefit the school.

1..Greatland Preschool's monthly operating budget would include the following expenses:
- Payroll: $120,000 (180 kids enrolled x $667 per teacher per month x 3 teachers)
- Rent: $10,000
- Supplies: $5,000
- Utilities: $2,000
- Insurance: $1,000
Total monthly expenses: $138,000

2. Greatland Preschool's budgeted income statement for the entire eight-month school year would look like this:
Total Revenue: $960,000 (180 kids enrolled x $5,333 per year tuition)
Total Expenses: $1,104,000 ($138,000 x 8 months)
Net Loss: ($144,000)

3. As a not-for-profit preschool, Greatland Preschool might use its projected income for the year to reinvest in the school, such as improving facilities, purchasing new supplies and equipment, or offering scholarships to families who cannot afford the tuition. The preschool could also choose to save any surplus funds for future expenses or emergencies.

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Official Business Mail is a service provided by the United States Postal Service (USPS) for the purpose of sending official correspondence related to government business. However, there are certain limitations on what can be sent using this service. As per USPS regulations, Official Business Mail may not be used for certain purposes, including the mailing of notices of Auxiliary meetings, personal correspondence between members, and correspondence with any Auxiliary Director.

Notices of Auxiliary meetings should be sent using regular mail or electronic means, such as email or text messaging. This is because such notices are not considered official business and do not relate to government affairs.

Similarly, personal correspondence between members, such as letters or cards, should not be sent using Official Business Mail. This is because such correspondence is considered private and does not relate to government business.

Finally, correspondence with any Auxiliary Director should be sent using regular mail or email, as such correspondence does not relate to government affairs and is therefore not eligible for Official Business Mail.

In summary, Official Business Mail is a valuable service for government-related correspondence, but it is important to understand its limitations and use it appropriately.

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The shift of jobs from developed economies to low-wage global markets is commonly referred to as "offshoring" or "outsourcing." This phenomenon occurs when companies in developed economies relocate jobs to countries with lower labour costs in order to save money on wages and other operational costs.

For example, a company in the United States might outsource its customer service operations to a call centre in India, where labour is cheaper. This means that the jobs of the US-based customer service representatives are shifted to India, where employees are paid lower wages.

Offshoring or outsourcing can be a contentious issue, as it can lead to job losses in developed economies and can contribute to wage stagnation in those economies. At the same time, it can provide job opportunities and economic growth in the countries where jobs are relocated. The debate over offshoring and outsourcing is often tied to larger discussions about globalization and trade policy.

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As the manager of a monopolistically competitive firm with demand and cost functions given by Q = 36 - 4P and C(Q) = 124 - 16Q + Q², you should expect long-run adjustments that involve price and quantity equilibrium.

Determine the marginal cost (MC) and marginal revenue (MR) by differentiating C(Q) and the revenue function R(Q) with respect to Q. Set MC = MR to find the profit-maximizing quantity (Q*). Substitute Q* into the demand function to find the optimal price (P*).

Assess the long-run equilibrium by comparing average cost (AC) and price (P*). In a monopolistically competitive market, firms make zero economic profit in the long run, which means P* = AC.

By taking these steps, you can determine the necessary adjustments to reach a long-run equilibrium in your monopolistically competitive firm.

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Consumers can protect themselves from product fraud through several strategies.

Firstly, they should consider buying extended warranties, which can provide additional coverage and protection against faulty products. Secondly, conducting thorough research before making purchases is essential.

Consumers should read product reviews, compare prices, and investigate the reputation of the seller or manufacturer. Additionally, following credible social media influencers who offer unbiased product recommendations can help consumers make informed choices. It is crucial to verify the influencers' credibility and ensure they are not promoting fraudulent products.

Overall, a combination of extended warranties, research, and reliable sources of information can empower consumers to safeguard themselves from product fraud.

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You need to deposit $2,393.32 each month until retirement, assuming a 7% interest rate compounded monthly.

To determine the monthly deposit required to achieve your retirement goals, we need to first calculate the future value of the withdrawals you'll make during retirement and then calculate the monthly deposits needed to reach that future value.

Step 1: Calculate the future value of withdrawals during retirement
Use the Present Value of Ordinary Annuity formula:
[tex]PV = PMT \times \frac{1 - (1 + r)^{(-n)}}{r}[/tex]

Where:
PV = Present Value (amount needed in the account at the start of retirement)
PMT = Monthly withdrawal amount ($4,000)
r = Monthly interest rate (7% per year compounded monthly, 0.07 / 12 = 0.00583)
n = Number of withdrawals (20 years [tex]\times[/tex] 12 months = 240)

[tex]PV = \$4,000 \times \frac{1 - (1 + 0.00583)^{(-240)}}{0.00583} = \$659,959.88[/tex]

Step 2: Calculate the monthly deposits needed to reach the future value
Use the Future Value of Ordinary Annuity formula:
[tex]FV = PMT \times \frac{(1 + r)^{n - 1}}{r}[/tex]

Where:
FV = Future Value (amount needed at retirement, $659,959.88)
PMT = Monthly deposit (unknown)
r = Monthly interest rate (0.07 / 12 = 0.00583)
n = Number of deposits (15 years [tex]\times[/tex] 12 months = 180)

Solving for PMT:
[tex]PMT = FV / [\frac{1 + r^{n - 1}}{r} ] = \$659,959.88 / [((1 + 0.00583)^1^8^0 - 1) / 0.00583][/tex]

= $2,393.32 each month.

To achieve your retirement goals, you need to deposit $2,393.32 each month until retirement, assuming a 7% interest rate compounded monthly.

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The most common remedy for the failure to perform under the terms of a sales contract is the forfeiture of the buyer's deposit.

This means that if the buyer fails to fulfill their obligations as per the contract, they may lose their deposit, which serves as compensation to the seller for the breach of contract.In some cases, a percentage of the sales price may also be awarded to the seller on top of the earnest money deposit, but this is not as common as the forfeiture of the deposit. It is important to note that remedies for failure to perform can vary depending on the specific terms outlined in the sales contract.

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On December 31, 2012, Southwest Airlines would record the $40 million debt under the "Liabilities" section of its balance sheet. The $8 million due within the next year would be recorded under the "Current Liabilities" subsection, while the remaining $32 million would be recorded under the "long-term debt" subsection.

This would increase the company's total liabilities by $40 million, and would need to be offset by an equal increase in assets or a decrease in equity to maintain the balance sheet equation of Assets = Liabilities + Equity. Assuming that the borrowing is a long-term debt, here's how Southwest Airlines would record the $40 million debt on its December 31, 2012, balance sheet: Southwest Airlines Balance Sheet December 31, 2012 Liabilities: Long-term debt $40,000,000 The $8 million that is due next year would be classified as a current liability on the balance sheet. However, since the question only asks for the recording of the $40 million debt, it is not necessary to show the $8 million portion in this answer.

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The statement the one thing an orientation program cannot do is get new employees up to acceptable job performance levels more quickly is false.

An orientation program is designed to help new employees familiarize themselves with the company, its policies, culture, and their specific job responsibilities. By providing them with necessary information and support, orientation programs can actually help new employees reach acceptable job performance levels more quickly than if they were left to learn on their own. These programs often include a combination of presentations, training sessions, and opportunities to meet and interact with coworkers and supervisors. As a result, new employees can better understand their roles, ask questions, and receive guidance, which can contribute to increased efficiency and productivity in their job performance. In conclusion, orientation programs play a crucial role in helping new employees adapt to their work environment and perform their tasks effectively and efficiently, ultimately speeding up the time it takes to reach acceptable job performance levels.

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An increase in wages would not cause the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve to shift to the right. In fact, it would cause the LRAS curve to shift to the left.

This is because an increase in wages increases production costs for businesses, which reduces their profitability and decreases their incentive to produce. As a result, businesses may reduce their production and supply, causing a leftward shift in the LRAS curve.

A shift to the right in the LRAS curve would be caused by factors such as technological advancements, improvements in infrastructure, or an increase in the labor force due to population growth or immigration. These factors increase the economy's potential output, leading to a rightward shift in the LRAS curve.

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The total inventoriable costs and Period costs for year 2011 is $189 and $94 respectively.

To calculate (a) total inventoriable costs and (b) period costs for year 2011, we need to follow these steps:

Step 1: Identify the inventoriable costs
Inventoriable costs are the costs associated with producing goods, including direct materials, direct manufacturing labor, and manufacturing overhead.

Direct materials purchased: $84
Direct manufacturing labor: $42
Plant supplies used: $4

Manufacturing overhead includes:
Plant utilities: $9
Indirect manufacturing labor: $27
Depreciation-plant and equipment: $6
Miscellaneous manufacturing overhead: $15
Property taxes on plant: $2

Step 2: Calculate total inventoriable costs
Total inventoriable costs = Direct materials purchased + Direct manufacturing labor + Plant supplies used + Manufacturing overhead

Total inventoriable costs = $84 + $42 + $4 + ($9 + $27 + $6 + $15 + $2)
Total inventoriable costs = $84 + $42 + $4 + $59
Total inventoriable costs = $189

Step 3: Identify period costs
Period costs are the costs associated with selling and administration, which are not involved in the production of goods.

Marketing, distribution, and customer-service costs: $94

Step 4: Calculate period costs
In this case, there is only one period cost, which is marketing, distribution, and customer-service costs.

Period costs = $94

Therefore (a) The Total inventoriable costs for year 2011: $189 and (b) Period costs for year 2011: $94.

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