These two creatures were an outgroup in the host and fluke parasite phylogenetic trees.
On the evolutionary tree, their individual parasitic flukes are closely connected. Because the host tree does not exhibit the same pattern as the parasite tree, these two fluke species must have switched hosts. Avoiding contact with fresh water contaminated with Schistosome parasites is the main way to avoid contracting the disease.
Swimming, wading, or engaging in any other aquatic activity in these bodies of water exposes the skin to potential cercariae penetration. Time flows via a tree's root system rather than through its branches.
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The two species are human fluke and freshwater turtle fluke. The host tree's pattern is different from the parasite tree's, indicating that these two fluke species have changed hosts.
A group of parasitic trematodes belonging to the phylum Platyhelminthes are referred to as liver flukes together. The liver of several mammals, including humans, is where they primarily reside as parasites. They can develop in bile ducts, gallbladders, and liver parenchyma and are capable of migrating with the blood circulation. Blood parasites, or trematodes, of the Spirorchiidae family, which primarily affect turtles, are found everywhere. These flukes have recently been identified in a few marine turtles from South America, where it is still uncertain whether spirorchiids can be found in freshwater definitive and intermediate hosts.
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An error in DNA where one base is missing.
Answer:
Deletions
Explanation:
A deletion, resulting in a frameshift, results when one or more base pairs are lost from the DNA (see Figure above). If one or two bases are deleted the translational frame is altered resulting in a garbled message and nonfunctional product.
which lesion is classically osteolytic and centered in the metaphysis with subarticular extension?
GCT lesion is classically osteolytic and centered in the metaphysis with subarticular extension.
GCT stands for Giant Cell Tumor. It is a type of non-cancerous tumor because it is benign in nature. However the tumor is very aggressive in nature and in very rare conditions, they can somehow spread to the lungs. In bones it results in increased risk of fractures.
Metaphysis is defined as the neck portion of the long bones. It exists between the epiphysis and the diaphysis portion. Metaphysis is comprised of the growth plate, which is responsible for the elongation of bones during development in children.
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GCT sore is traditionally osteolytic and focused in the metaphysis with subarticular augmentation.
GCT represents Goliath Cell Cancer. It is a sort of non-carcinogenic cancer since it is harmless in nature. Anyway, the growth is exceptionally forceful in nature, and in extremely uncommon circumstances, they can some way or another spread to the lungs. In bones, it brings about the expanded hazard of breaks.
Metaphysis is characterized as the neckpiece of the long bones. It exists between the epiphysis and the diaphysis segment. Metaphysis is contained in the development plate, which is answerable for the prolongation of bones during advancement in youngsters.
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What connects renal pelvis?
The portion of the ureter that runs from the renal pelvis to the pelvic vessels is known as the abdominal ureter. From the iliac arteries, the pelvic ureter leads to the bladder.
The region of the kidney's core. Here, urine gathers and is directed into the ureter, which joins the kidney and bladder. The medulla is divided into 8–18 conical sections known as the renal pyramids.
The corticomedullary boundary marks the base of each pyramid, and the renal papilla, which integrates to form the renal pelvis and ultimately the ureter, marks the peak of each pyramid.
The top of the ureter is known as the renal pelvis. The kidney and bladder are joined by a lengthy tube called the ureter. Above the waist, there are two kidneys, one on either side of the backbone. Adult kidneys measure around 5 inches long by 3 inches wide.
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Ureter connects renal pelvis .
In general , Urine gets collects in urinary bladder and it gets funneled inside the ureter, the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder is known as Ureter. Renal pelvis and ureter together forms a single unit which is continuous with the collecting ducts of the renal pyramids and also consists of the minor and major calyces, that is often continuous with the renal pelvis .
Renal pelvis is also a flattened, and funnel-shaped expansion of the superior end of the ureter and the apex which is an opening is continuous with the ureter. Hence , ureters connect the renal pelvis to the posterolateral surface at the urinary bladder.
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name three large molecules that make up the bulk of the food humans eat,and identify the products of each one that result from digestion.
Answer: Proteins are broken down into amino acids, lipids are broken down into fatty acids, and carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars.
Explanation:
which is an abnormal mass of tissue in which the growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of the normal tissues?
Tumour or neoplasm is an abnormal mass of tissue in which the growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with that of the normal tissues.
An abnormal mass of tissue which forms when the cells grow and divide . Neoplasms can be benign (not cancer) or it can be malignant (cancer). Benign neoplasms can grow on larger extent but do not spread, or invade, the nearby tissues or other parts of the body.
Neoplasia is the process which occurs to form or produce a neoplasm. The growth of a neoplasm is always uncoordinated with that of normal surrounding tissue. It persists in growing continuously and abnormally, even if the original trigger is removed.
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A tumour, also known as a neoplasm, is an abnormal mass of tissue whose development outpaces and is uncoordinated with that of normal tissues.
When cells multiply and divide, they generate an unnatural mass of tissue. Neoplasms can be benign (not cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) (cancer). Benign neoplasms can spread to a greater extent but do not infect surrounding tissues or other sections of the body.
Neoplasia is the process of forming or producing a neoplasm. A neoplasm's development is usually uncoordinated with that of normal surrounding tissue. Even when the initial trigger is eliminated, it continues to develop continually and unnaturally.
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this links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland: Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Adrenal
The hypothalamus inks the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
Nervous system has important parts of the brain responsible for controlling a number of physiological functions, such as body temperature, appetite, thirst, and fatigue, is the hypothalamus. Additionally, it governs the pituitary gland's hormone production, which in turn controls the activity of other endocrine glands including the thyroid and adrenals. Through a little stalk known as the infundibulum, the pituitary gland and hypothalamus are connected. It controls the endocrine system's general activity by signaling the pituitary gland to release or block certain hormones.
There is no connection between this and the brain or the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are endocrine glands, and the thalamus functions as a relay point for sensory information in the brain.
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The pituitary gland connects the nervous system to the endocrine system via the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus is an important part of the nervous system that is responsible for controlling a number of physiological functions such as body temperature, appetite, thirst, and fatigue. It also regulates pituitary gland hormone production, which in turn regulates the activity of other endocrine glands such as the thyroid and adrenals. The pituitary gland and hypothalamus are linked by a small stalk known as the infundibulum. It regulates the general activity of the endocrine system by signalling the pituitary gland to release or block specific hormones. This has nothing to do with the brain or the adrenal glands.
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horizontal transfer vs. vertical descent gentamicin is an antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. a hospital reports a sudden outbreak of a new gentamicin-resistant strain of escherichia coli in 5 out of 25 patients of the intensive care unit. on further investigation, it was determined that this new strain was found only in patients that were also infected with a known gentamicin-resistant strain of klebsiella pneumonia. what is the most likely explanation for the development of this new antibiotic resistant strain of escherichia coli?
The most likely explanation for the development of the new gentamicin resistant strain of Escherichia coli is horizontal gene transfer.
Horizontal gene transfer occurs when genetic material is transferred between organisms that are not parent and offspring. In this case, it is likely that the gentamicin-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was already present in the patients, transferred its resistance genes to the Escherichia coli through mechanisms such as plasmids or transposons. This would allow the E. coli to gain resistance to gentamicin without undergoing traditional vertical descent, where resistance would be passed on through reproduction. This is supported by the fact that the new strain was only found in patients that were infected with the known gentamicin-resistant strain of K. pneumoniae, which suggests that the resistance was acquired by the E. coli from K. pneumoniae through horizontal transfer.
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The most likely explanation for the development of this new antibiotic-resistant strain of Escherichia coli is horizontal gene transfer.
Horizontal gene transfer refers to the transfer of genetic material between organisms that are not parent and offspring, it can occur in various ways such as conjugation, transduction, and transformation.
In this case, it is likely that the gentamicin-resistant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae transferred its antibiotic-resistance genes to Escherichia coli through horizontal gene transfer.
This would allow Escherichia coli to also become resistant to gentamicin, leading to the outbreak of the new antibiotic-resistant strain in the intensive care unit patients. Horizontal gene transfer can occur through various mechanisms, including conjugation, transduction, and transformation.
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describe how green plants affect the abiotic environment in ways that are advantageous to humans. describe how green plants affect the abiotic environment in ways that are advantageous to humans. plants remove salts from water so humans can use it for drinking, irrigation, or industrial use. plants hold soils required for human agriculture and forestry. plants release carbon dioxide that we breathe. plants increase water supplies that humans can use for drinking, irrigation, or industrial use. plants build soils required for human agriculture and forestry. plants release oxygen that we breathe.
green plants affect the abiotic environment in ways that are advantageous to humans are Plants hold the soil required for human agriculture and forestry. Plants release oxygen that we breathe.
Disorders rather than illnesses might be used to describe issues with plant health that are caused by abiotic agents. Both phrases are used to describe the same kinds of anomalies in a plant, however disorder typically suggests a nonliving agent as the causing element whereas illness typically implies a living agent.
The soil is kept together by plants, especially trees with deep roots. The topsoil might be washed away by excessive rain. Plants bind the soil, preventing the top layer from washing away during torrential downpours. Therefore, it is true that "plants hold the soil required for human agriculture and forestry.”
Utilizing water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide (CO2) as substrates, the plants release oxygen (O2). Photosynthesis is the name given to this process. Thus, it is true that "Plants release oxygen that we breathe."
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bone marrow transplantation is the treatment of choice in other cases of severe immunodeficiency. would it work in patients with digeorge syndrome? explain.
For the treatment of full DiGeorge syndrome, researchers discovered that survival after bone marrow transplant was better than 75%, similar to thymic transplantation.
DiGeorge syndrome is an immunodeficiency marked by thymic dysplasia, which results in T cell lymphopenia. Most people have an increased vulnerability to infections as well as a higher prevalence of autoimmune illnesses such as autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.
Patients with DGS may have lower T-cell production than their counterparts, making them more susceptible to viral, fungal, and bacterial infections. The T-lymphocyte deficiency, like the other DGS disorders, varies from patient to patient.
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understanding anatomy and physiology gives healthcare workers an advantage because they can quickly identify when and where there is a problem, anticipate problems, and intervene before problems occur. true true false
True: Health-care professionals have an advantage because of their ability to swiftly recognise when and where a problem exists, foresee difficulties, and take action before problems arise.
One of the most popular and important topics in medical and nursing education is anatomy and physiology. No doctor, nurse, or physician can practice medicine or operate in the healthcare industry without having a solid understanding of these fundamental subjects.The study of structure, framing, and the interactions between body parts is known as anatomy. The area of medical research that deals with the study of how the body as a whole works is called physiology, on the other hand. Many medical schools offer anatomy and physiology classes, also known as A&P classes, to familiarize students with the human body and how it functions in practise.
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Different sections of the CPT manual use different methods of organizing the information they contain. Some have major subdivisions based on anatomical site; others base their divisions on procedures. Discuss the reasons why different methods make sense, given the nature of the information represented in the different sections of the CPT. What are two examples to illustrate your thinking
The American Medical Association (AMA) publishes and maintains the extensive, significant code set known as Current Procedural Terminology or CPT.
Along with ICD, it is one of the most crucial code sets for medical coders in becoming familiar with. CPT codes are used to represent all medical procedures that a healthcare provider performs on a patient, including tests, operations, evaluations, and other procedures.
This code collection is enormous and contains the codes for untold numbers of medical operations. The process of billing is not complete without CPT codes. The healthcare provider specifies the procedures they want to be reimbursed for using CPT codes to the insurance payer.
As a result, CPT codes and ICD codes together give the payer a comprehensive picture of the medical procedure. "We carried out these procedures on this patient who presented with any of these symptoms (as indicated by the ICD code).
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The American Medical Association (AMA) publishes and maintains the extensive, significant code set known as Current Procedural Terminology or CPT. Along with ICD.
it is one of the most crucial code sets for medical coders in becoming familiar with. CPT codes are used to represent all medical procedures that a healthcare provider performs on a patient, including tests, operations, evaluations, and other procedures. This code collection is enormous and contains the codes for untold numbers of medical operations. The process of billing is not complete without CPT codes. The healthcare provider specifies the procedures they want to be reimbursed for using CPT codes to the insurance payer. As a result, CPT codes and ICD codes together give the payer a comprehensive picture of the medical procedure. "We carried out these procedures on this patient who presented with any of these symptoms (as indicated by the ICD code).
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What happens to muscles that remain unused for long periods of time?
Muscle atrophy (i.e., called physiologic disuse) is brought on by inadequate use of the muscles. Your body won't waste energy on maintaining your muscles if you quit using them.
Your muscles will start to lose strength and size as a result of your body starting to break them down. Muscle, which is mostly composed of protein, amino acids, and water, does not undergo any mechanism in the human body that would allow it to become adipose (fat).
The human body cannot magically transform one tissue into another, despite how fantastic it occasionally can be. After a period of inactivity, muscular atrophy, or the loss of muscle tissue, can appear. Sarcopenia, or the loss of muscle with age, is a normal aspect of aging.
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In pea plants, the allele for yellow seeds (y) is dominant over the allele for green seeds (y). Describe the genotypes and phenotypes of pea plants that are homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, and heterozygous for this trait
The YY (homozygous dominant yellow), Yy (homozygous dominant green), and Yy genotypes (heterozygous yellow). YY and Yy (yellow) are phenotypes (green)
What is genotype?The genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its genotype.
A phenotype is the physical or discernible expression of traits.
When two identical alleles are present at a particular gene locus, it is referred to as homozygous.
Heterozygosity is the existence of two distinct alleles at a certain gene locus. The dominant allele is the combination of both alleles when both the alleles are expressed (homozygous), as well as when just one of the two alleles is expressed (heterozygous).
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The _____ is composed of DNA and protein. The _____ is composed of DNA and protein. Flagellum mitochondrion chromatin centriole ribosome
chromatin. In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin, a combination of DNA and proteins, creates chromosomes. The nucleoplasm, a gel-like substance found inside the nucleus, is where chromatin (DNA plus proteins) is kept.
Consider chromosomes first in order to comprehend chromatin. Chromatin is a term used to describe the components of chromosomes, which are hereditary structures consisting of DNA found inside the nucleus. As RNA and protein make up ribosomes, they are sometimes referred to as ribonucleoproteins. About 60% of ribosomes are made up of RNA, and the remaining 40% are made up of proteins. These are where protein synthesis occurs within the cell.
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The chromatin is composed of DNA and protein. Chromatin is kept inside the nucleus of a cell. The nucleus is the central organelle in eukaryotic cells and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope
Chromatin is the material that makes up chromosomes in the cell. Chromatin is composed of DNA and protein. DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. Protein is a vital component of chromatin, as it helps to organize and package the DNA in a manner that allows for efficient storage and expression of genetic information.
Ribosomes are the organelles within cells that are responsible for protein synthesis. They are composed of two subunits: a large subunit and a small subunit. The large subunit is composed of RNA and protein, while the small subunit is composed of only RNA. The ribosomes read the information stored in the RNA to make proteins. The proteins created by ribosomes play an essential role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of cells.
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based on the data, which type of cell would be best suited for the lining the alveoli of the lungs, where diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen must occur very rapidly?
Simple squamous cells are the solution.
The tissues that line or cover the surfaces of walls or other structures are known as epithelial tissues. However, epithelial tissues are divided into the following groups based on the single cell layer and their form, which determines their function: Simple columnar, simple cuboidal, and simple squamous.
They all have a single cell layer. The student who determined the typical surface area-to-volume ratio of four different types of human epithelial cells is the subject of this inquiry. According to the inquiry, simple squamous cells would be ideal for lining the lungs' alveoli, where carbon dioxide and oxygen diffusion must happen very quickly.
This is due to the flat, thin-walled nature of the simple squamous cells, which resemble fish scales. As a result, they can be found in or have adapted to areas where diffusion or filtration occur, such as the alveoli in the lungs.
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The complete question is
A student calculated the average surface area-to-volume ratio of four different types of human epithelial cells. The results are shown in the table below. Based on the data, which type of cell would be best suited for lining the alveoli of the lungs, where diffusion of carbon dioxide and oxygen must occur very rapidly? Simple squamous cells Simple cuboidal cells Simple columnar cells Simple spherical cells
the punnett square predicts a 9:3:3:1 ratio for phenotypes. explain what that ratio means. (refer to the punnett square above)
This Punnett square suggests a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1. What does that ratio mean? It indicates that there is a 9/16 chance that an offspring will have both dominant features (green pod colour and smooth pod shape).
During meiosis, the gene pairs demonstrated that individuals separately. The children have all four conceivable permutations of the two separate features, according to a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1. A Punnett square can be used to calculate the likelihoods of various genotype and phenotypic combinations in children. A dihybrid cross yields an approximately 9:3:3:1 ratio of traits in the progeny. The proportion of phenotypes is 9:3:3:1 if both fathers are diverse for both features. The dominant trait is one, while the recessive trait is another. Only 1 of the 16 potential offspring will carry both recessive genes. Thus, the independent assortment is the cause of the Mendelian ratio of 9: 3::3:1. Therefore, "Law of independent assortment" is the right response. A 9:3:3:1 Proportion is a phenotypic ratio.
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What happens to a spring’s force if you stretch it more?
Answer: the spring will revert to a forever disorder shape
Explanation:
what question was answered using morphological traits, the fossil record, and molecular phylogenies? view available hint(s)for part a what question was answered using morphological traits, the fossil record, and molecular phylogenies? where are green plants most commonly found? how did green plants originate and diversify? what ecosystem services are most likely provided by green plants? what pharmacological compounds are produced by green plants?
B) how did green plants originate and diversify? is the question was answered using morphological traits, the fossil record, and molecular phylogenies.
Why are morphological characteristics employed in phylogenetic tree construction?Morphological traits include adaptations to an animal's external appearance as well as the structure and shape of its interior organs and bones. The ability to debate the phylogeny of fossil taxa and how they correlate to modern taxa is the indisputable benefit of morphological data.
What significance does the fossil record represent in phylogenetic research?As a result of their distinctive morphology and chronological information, fossils aid in the recovery of actual phylogenetic indicators from morphology, and their incorporation into total-evidence phylogenetics is required to accurately reconstruct evolutionary history.
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what question was answered using morphological traits, the fossil record, and molecular phylogenies? view available hint(s)for part a what question was answered using morphological traits, the fossil record, and molecular phylogenies?
A) where are green plants most commonly found?
B) how did green plants originate and diversify?
C) what ecosystem services are most likely provided by green plants?
D) what pharmacological compounds are produced by green plants?
An error in DNA where one base is missing.
Answer:
An error in DNA where one base is missing is called a deletion. A deletion occurs when one or more nucleotides are removed from a DNA sequence.
which breed shows the characteristics of an abundance of loose skin, droopy ears, pendulous sheath and a pronounced hump?
Answer:
The breed is Brahman
Answer: Brahman
Explanation:
loosely coupled and high cohesive systems have modules that do not dependent on each other specially structurally group of answer choices true false
This separation means that each of the daughter cells that results from meiosis I will have half the number of chromosomes of the original parent cell after interphase.
Also, the sister chromatids in each chromosome still remain connected. Chromosomes have been known to travel to the cell's opposing poles during anaphase 1.
This happens from the microtubule network imploding, which decreases the microtubule strands and allows the chromosomes to consolidate at the magnetic sides.
Anaphase A is the first component of anaphase 1, that occurs when the microtubule - connected filaments constrict and shorten. As a result, kinetochores travel in any of 2 ways: up or down.
The chromosomes move in the opposite direction from the kinetochores despite face the pole through this whole process. The third stage of meiosis in one is anaphase 1, whereas the third phase in another is anaphase 2.
With the assistance of centrosomes linked to the nucleus by cytoskeleton, a single pair of paired pairs, which forms a bivalent, is pushed toward the opposite poles of the cell throughout anaphase 1.
The centromere does not split in anaphase 1. It remains unchanged as a whole instead. This is so that the complete chromosome would travel to the polar poles, when in anaphase 2, both homologous chromosomes' centromeres split.
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1. The best groundwater reservoirs have ?
A. Low permeability and low porosity
B. Low permeability and high porosity
C. High permeability and low porosity
D. High permeability and high porosity
2. Which of the following statements about the water table is false :
A. The water table changes when discharge is not balanced by recharge
B. The water table is above aquifers
C. The water table is above aquifers
D. The water table follows the land
3.Which of the following would be a solutions to a dry well?
A. Drill/dig the well deeper than the water table
B. Drill/dig a new well deeper than the water table
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
1. The best groundwater reservoirs have high permeability and high porosity.
The correct option is C.
2. The statement about the water table that is false is
the water table is below the aquifers.The correct option is not given
3. The options that will be a solution to a dry well are:
Drill/dig the well deeper than the water tableDrill/dig a new well deeper than the water tableThe correct option is C.
What is the water table?The zone of saturation's top surface is known as the water table.
The zone of saturation is the area where water has accumulated in the ground's pores and fissures. It can also be stated simply as the level of saturation of the ground.
The properties of the water table include:
The water table changes when discharge is not balanced by rechargeThe water table is above aquifersA water table's upward and downward tilts are frequently (but not always) determined by the geography of the land above it.Learn more about the water table at: https://brainly.com/question/850855
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Which sentence best describes how groundwater travels from the land
surface to the ocean after a rainstorm?
OA. The water flows into the ground and enters an impermeable rock
layer, then flows toward the ocean.
OB. The water flows into the ground and enters an aquifer, then flows
by capillary action toward the ocean.
OC. The water flows into the ground until it meets impermeable rock,
then flows underground toward the ocean.
D. The water flows into the ground by capillary action, then flows
underground toward the ocean.
Answer:
D. The water flows into the ground by capillary action, then flows
underground toward the ocean.
A student prepared this chart comparing examples of natural selection with artificial selection. Which can the student add in the column under artificial selection to complete the chart? 1. ability to grow large kernels of corn 2. ability to grow fruit that can be stored for long periods 3. ability to catch larger prey 4. ability to produce milk for offspring
The student should add the column under artificial selection to complete the chart, the ability to grow large kernels of corn. The correct option is 1.
What is artificial selection?Artificial selection is selective breeding that is enforced by an outside force, typically humans, in order to increase the frequency of desirable traits.
Farmers kept kernels from plants that had good traits and planted them for the harvest the following season. These corns were of high quality and the kernels were large.
Therefore, the correct option is 1. Ability to grow large kernels of corn.
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what are vesicular transporters? what is their role? what are vesicular transporters? what is their role? special proteins embedded in the vesicle membrane; responsible for synthesizing neurotransmitters synthesizing enzymes for both amino acid and amine neurotransmitters; responsible for concentrating neurotransmitters inside the vesicle enzymes that synthesize neurotransmitters from metabolic precursors; responsible for concentrating neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft special proteins embedded in the vesicle membrane; responsible for concentrating neurotransmitters inside the vesicle
Special proteins embedded in the vesicle membrane; responsible for concentrating neurotransmitters inside the vesicle
Vesicular neurotransmitter transporters are involved in the accumulation of neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles and are therefore an important part of chemical transmission (Figure 1). Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) pumps H+ into secretory vesicles.
Synaptic vesicles (SV) are small electroluminescent vesicles assembled at the presynaptic end. They store neurotransmitters and release them through calcium-triggered exocytosis. SVs are created locally in the terminal and regenerated after exocytosis.
Exocytosis is the primary mechanism of neurotransmitter secretion at chemical synapses of neurons.
Vesicles help organisms transport substances they need to survive and recycle waste. It also absorbs and destroys toxic substances and pathogens, preventing cell damage and infection.
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1. explain how tolerance limits to environmental factors determine distribution of a highly specialized species such as the saguaro cactus.
The freezing temperatures of the saguaro cactus determine the maximum tolerance limit and how far north this species can be found, because any further north the caucus would freeze, killing the plant's growing tips and halting development.
The minimum and maximum levels of a specific environmental factor that an organism can tolerate are known as tolerance limits. Because the saguaro cactus has very specific and limited tolerance limits, it cannot survive in many environments that do not fit its limits.
Saguaros can withstand cold temperatures, but not for an extended period of time. They'll be fine if the temperature drops to 20 degrees for six hours, say. However, if they are exposed to sustained subfreezing temperatures for more than six or eight hours, they begin to suffer damage.
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How were passenger pigeons ecologically important to trees and plants?
1. The birds dispersed seeds and nuts from berry bushes and trees like beech, white oak, and chestnut far from their original source.
2. The birds left a thick (inches to a feet thick) path of droppings behind covering the ground below, but enriching the soil with nitrogen rich fertilizer for years to
come.
3. Their movement through an area was at first destructive, but then regenerative to the land.
4. All of the above hold ecological importance.
Passenger pigeons were ecologically important to trees and plants as : 4.) All of the above hold ecological importance.
How were passenger pigeons important to trees and plants?Passenger pigeons were ecologically important to trees and plants in number of ways. They dispersed seeds and nuts from berry bushes and trees like beech, white oak, and chestnut far from their original source and also allowing for the spread of these species.
Birds left thick path of droppings behind covering the ground below but enriching soil with nitrogen-rich fertilizer for years to come. Their movement through an area was at first destructive as they would eat large amounts of fruits and nuts, but then regenerative to land as the droppings fertilized the soil.
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say you want to grow a plant in your dorm room to make your living space feel more homey (let's stipulate that dorm rules allow you to do that.) taking a standard western scientific perspective, what are the features inherent to the growth and survival of your plant? choose all the items that are essential to growth and survival.
The following elements are necessary for a plant's development and survival in a dorm room:
. Light: In order to photosynthesize and generate energy, the majority of plants require direct sunshine or artificial light.
. Water: Plants require water to exist, and how much they require will vary by species and environment.
. Temperature: Most plants can only handle a certain range of temperatures, and temperatures outside of this range might hinder their growth and ability to survive.
. Soil: In order for plants to attach their roots and absorb nutrients, they need soil or another type of growing medium.
. Oxygen: Plants need oxygen to survive, and the air in a dorm room should have enough oxygen for them to thrive.
. Nutrients: Plants need various nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, to grow and survive. These can be obtained from the soil or through fertilization.
Depending on the specific plant you choose, you may also need to consider other factors such as humidity, CO2 levels and the presence of pests or diseases.
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which observations are examples of homologies? the pax6 gene in vertebrates and the eyeless gene in flies have similar sequences, and both regulate embryonic eye development. the pharyngeal arches found in all vertebrate embryos develop into gill supports in fish and throat structures in mammals. the ability to fly using elongated wings developed independently in the lineages that led to birds, pterosaurs, and bats. the bones that support the wings of birds, pterosaurs, and bats are arranged in the same order in each animal. the skin flaps for gliding that evolved separately in sugar gliders and flying squirrels help them use similar habitat niches.
Pharyngeal arches found in all vertebrate embryos are homologous and the bones that support the wings of birds, pterosaurs and bats are homologous.
Pax6 gene is homologous at least to the level of a Bilateria. It is responsible for both insect compound eyes and vertebrate eyes. But the Pax6 gene originated before the origin of eyes in both lineages and must have been independently adopted by both lineages. So it is not homologous, despite seemingly appearing that it is resulting in different organs with the same origin. Pharyngeal arches found in all vertebrate embryos are homologous. The gill supports in fish and the throat structures in mammals originate from pharyngeal arches. The ability to fly using elongated wings in birds, bats, and pterosaurs is not homologous. All these wings despite having some purpose originated independently from one another. The bones that support the wings of birds, pterosaurs and bats are homologous and have the same origin despite having been used for supporting different kinds of wings. The skin flaps for gliding in sugar gliders and flying squirrels have different origins but the same purpose so they are not homologous.
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muscle contraction that permits the muscle to shorten. State of true or false. 1. True2. False
True. Muscle contraction permits the muscle to shorten.
When you perform an activity, your muscles are tightened, lengthened, or shortened. When you stretch or lift weights, hold or pick up anything, or exercise, it may happen. Muscular relaxation, or the return of contracted muscles to their relaxed condition, frequently occurs after muscle contraction.
When an Action Potential travels from the nerves to the muscles, a muscle contraction is caused. When the neurological system sends a signal, muscle contraction starts. Motor neurons are a particular class of nerve cells that carry the signal, an impulse known as an action potential.
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The given statement is true. Muscle contraction is a phenomenon that permits the muscle to shorten. All that muscles can do is a contract. A muscle's origin is a stationary location that does not move. The origin pulls the insertion inward during a contraction. Therefore, the response is accurate.
Your muscles are extended, shortened, or tightened when you undertake an activity like a stretch, lifting weights, holding something, picking something up, or working out. Following a muscle contraction, muscular relaxation, or the return of contracted muscles to their relaxed state, frequently takes place. Muscle contraction is brought on by an action potential that moves from the nerves to the muscles. Muscle contraction begins when the neurological system sends a signal. A specific type of nerve cell known as a motor neuron carries the signal, an impulse called an action potential.
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