Solids, liquids, and gases differ in terms of packaging of the atoms in its constituent atomic level.
Solids, liquids, and gases are the three main states of matter. They differ in the way their atoms or molecules are arranged and how they interact with one another. Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. The atoms or molecules in a solid are tightly packed together and are not free to move around. Solids also have a low compressibility and a high density. Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape. They take the shape of their container. The atoms or molecules in a liquid are close together but are free to move around. Liquids have a low compressibility and a lower density than solids. Gases have no definite shape or volume. They expand to fill their container. The atoms or molecules in a gas are widely spaced and are free to move around. Gases have a high compressibility and a low density. Examples of gases include air, oxygen, and natural gas. In summary, Solids have a fixed shape and volume, liquids take the shape of their container, have a definite volume and gases have no fixed shape or volume and expand to fill their container.
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There is a bell at the top of a church belltower that is 92m high. The bell weighs 900 N. Is it potential energy or kinetic energy? Why? Calculate the amount of energy
1. The illustration is potential energy
2. The amount of energy, given that the bell weighs 900 N is 82800 J
1. How do I know whether it potential or kinetic energy?Potential energy is the energy possesed by an object by virtue of it's location. While kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object.
From the above information, we can conclude that the illustration from the question is potential energy
2. How do I determine the energy?The amount of energy can be obtained as follow:
Height (h) = 92 mForce (F) = 900 N Energy (E) = ?Energy = Force × height
Energy = 900 × 92
Energy = 82800 J
Thus, we can conclude that the energy is 82800 J
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Magnesium ribbon reacts with an aqueous solution of copper(ll) chloride in a single-replacement reaction. Which are the products of the balanced net ionic equation for the reaction?
The reaction between magnesium metal and copper chloride produce magnesium chloride precipitate and copper. The net ionic equation of the reaction is given below:
[tex]\rm Mg(s) + 2Cl (aq) \rightarrow MgCl_{2} (s)[/tex]
What is ionic equation?The ionic equation of a reaction shows all the ions participate in the reaction and their states specified in brackets. The net ionic equation represents the balanced charges in both side of ionic equation.
The balanced equation of the given reaction is written as follows:
[tex]\rm Mg(s) + CuCl_{2} (aq) \rightarrow MgCl_{2} (s) + Cu(aq)[/tex]
Here, the copper ions are in aqueous state in both side of the reaction and they get cancelled in the net ionic equation.
Therefore, the net ionic equation represents the formation of the solid precipitate MgCl₂ as written in the reaction above.
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___Ca2+ + ___O2 ---> Cr2O3
Answer:
Balancing chemical equations is my priority!! :-)
[tex]Ca_{2}[/tex] + [tex]O_{2}[/tex] = [tex]Ca_{2} O_{3}[/tex]
On both sides Calcium (Ca) is balanced ( 2 and 2 )
Then Oxygen (O) is 2 on the reactant side and 3 on the product side.
Divide the subscripts (product subscript/reactant subscript) to give 1.5 (3/2)
Because you can't put 1.5 in an equation you multiply everything by 2.
Then it comes [tex]2Ca_{2}[/tex] + [tex]3O_{2}[/tex] = [tex]2Ca_{2} O_{3}[/tex]
Have a wonderful day! :-)
a separation process that depends on differing abilities of substances to form gases is called .
A separation process that depends on differing abilities of substances to form gases is called Distillation.
Distillation is a common method used to separate and purify liquids based on their different boiling points. The process involves heating a mixture of liquids to a temperature where one liquid will evaporate and form a vapor, while the other liquids will remain in a liquid state. The vapor is then condensed back into a liquid form and collected, which is then called the distillate. The distillate will be the liquid with the lowest boiling point of all the components in the mixture. This process can be repeated for different boiling point ranges and those multiple distillates will be different components of the original mixture.
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calculate the molarity of a solution by dissolving 10.0 g of al(no 3 )3 in enough water to make 250.0 ml of solution.
The molarity of the solution by dissolving the 10.0 g of Al(NO₃)₃ in the enough water to make 250.0 ml of solution is 0.184 M.
The mass of the Al(NO₃)₃ = 10 g
The molar mass of Al(NO₃)₃ = 212.9 g/mol
The number of moles = mass / molar mass
= 10 / 212.9
= 0.046 mol
The volume of the solution = 250 mL = 0.250 L
The molarity expression is :
Molarity = moles / volumes in L
Molarity = 0.046 / 0.250
Molarity = 0.184 M
Thus, the molarity of the Al(NO₃)₃ solution is 0.184 M with the volume of the 250 mL.
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what type of intermolecular force forms during the solvation process when a polar molecule like of2 dissolves in water?
Interactions between ions and dipoles. Ion-Dipole Forces were engaged for solutions in which an ionic chemical is immersed in a polar solvent, for example a table salt (NaCl) water solution.
Ion-dipole intermolecular forces seem to be electrostatic reactions between such a polar molecule as well as an ion that are frequently caused by the dissolution of ionic compounds within polar substances. The attraction here between the negative ends of one polar molecule as well as the positive ends of another polar molecule is known as dipole-dipole forces.
In polar solvents, polar molecules were also soluble (Predominant intermolecular force will be a dipole-dipole attraction between polar solute molecule as well as polar solvent molecule).
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What is the original concentration of a Sulfuric Acid Solution with a pOH of 12. 43??
The original concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 0.0044
To find the original concentration of a sulfuric acid solution with a pOH of 12.43, you would need to use the relationship between the acidity of a solution and its pH. The pH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration (pH = -log[H+]). The pOH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration (pOH = -log[OH-]). Since the pH and pOH of a solution are related by the equation:
pH + pOH = 14
Given the pOH of 12.43, then you can calculate the pH as :
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 12.43 = 1.57
The original concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 10^(-pH)
[H+] = 10^(-1.57) = 0.0044.
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a 140.0 g sample of water at 20.0 °c is mixed with 100.0 g of a certain metal at 95.0 °c. after thermal equilibrium was established, the temperature of the mixture is 24.6 °c. what is the specific heat capacity of the metal?
Specific heat capacity of the metal by the given values is 5.389 J/ g°C
Mass of water = 140.0 g
Initial temperature of water = 20.0°C
Mass of a certain metal = 100.0 g
Initial temperature of metal = 100.0°C
Final temperature of water and metal = 95.0°C
Since the metal is at a higher initial temperature it will lose heat and the water having a lower initial temperature will gain heat.
Thus, heat lost by metal = Heat gained by water
formula: (mass metal )(initialT - finalT)( Cp metal ) = ( mass water )(finalT- initalT)( Cp water)
After plugging in the given data we get,
(100.0 g )(100.0 °C -95.0°C)( Cp metal) = (140.0g )(24.6°C-20.0°C) (4.184 J/g°C)
(100.0g )(5.0C)( Cp metal )=(140.0g )(4.6°C)(4.184 J/g°C)
(500 g°C) (Cp metal) = 2694.5 J
(Cp metal) =5.389 J/ g°C
Thus, specific heat capacity(Cp) of metal = 5.389 J/ g°C
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HNO3 + H3PO3 → NO + H₂PO4+H₂O (Acidic)
What is the complete step by step oxidation reduction reaction?
Answer:
The reaction provided is not a redox reaction. The equation shows the neutralization reaction between Nitric acid (HNO3) and Phosphoric acid (H3PO3) to produce Nitrogen monoxide (NO), Dihydrogen Phosphate (H2PO4) and water (H2O).
When two or more acids are mixed together, they can neutralize each other. This is called a neutralization reaction. The acid and the base will react to form a salt and water. In this case, Nitric acid is the acid and Phosphoric acid is the base.
The equation for this neutralization reaction can be balanced as follows:
HNO3 + H3PO3 → NO + H2PO4 + H2O
Where HNO3 = Nitric acid
H3PO3 = Phosphoric acid
NO = Nitrogen monoxide
H2PO4 = Dihydrogen Phosphate
H2O = water
The reaction is acidic in nature due to the presence of H+ ions in the products.
In summary, the reaction provided is a neutralization reaction, not a redox reaction. The equation shows that Nitric acid and Phosphoric acid neutralize each other to form Nitrogen monoxide, Dihydrogen Phosphate and water. The reaction is
How many moles of hydrogen are produced if reacted with 0.605 moles of sodium in this reaction?
2Na + 2 H2O → 2 NaOH + H2
The number of moles of hydrogen produced if reacted with 0.605 moles of sodium in the reaction is 0.3025 moles.
How to calculate number of moles?Stoichiometry is the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).
According to this question, sodium reacts with water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas as follows:
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
Based on the reaction above, 1 moles of hydrogen is produced by the reaction of 2 moles of sodium.
Hence, 0.605 moles of sodium will react to produce 0.3025 moles of hydrogen.
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an aqueous sodium acetate, nac2h3o2 , solution is made by dissolving 0.195 mol nac2h3o2 in 0.750 kg of water. calculate the molality of the solution.
The molality of solution is 0.26 mol/kg
Molality is defined as "The ratio of the number of moles of solute present in a solution to the mass of the solvent in kilograms".
The unit that is used to represent molality is mol/kg.
The formula used to calculate molality is given below:
Molality = moles of solute/ mass of solvent in kg-----> (i)
Here,
Given values:
Moles of NaC₂H₃O₂ (solute) = 0.195mol
Mass of solvent (water) = 0.750 kg
Putting these values in equation (i), we get-
Molality
= 0.195 mol/0.750 kg
=0.26 mol/kg
Hence, the molality of solution is 0. 26 mol/kg
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what mass of percipiate will from 25 ml of 1.5 molar copper ii sulfate sol reacts with 35 ml .75 potassium hydroxide
The mass of precipitate will from when 25 ml of 1.5 M copper(II)
sulfate solution reacts with the 35 ml 0.75 M potassium hydroxide is 2.53 g.
The balanced chemical equation is :
CuSO₄(aq) + 2KOH(aq) -----> K₂SO₄(aq) + Cu(OH)₂(s)
The moles of CuSO₄ = 1.5 × 0.025
= 0.037 mol
The moles of KOH = 0.75 × 0.035
= 0.026 mol
The KOH is the limiting reactant.
1 mole of the KOH produces the 1 mole of Cu(OH)₂
Moles of Cu(OH)₂ = 0.026 mol
The mass of Cu(OH)₂ = moles × molar mass
= 0.026 × 97.5
= 2.53 g
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a solution of formic acid (hcooh) has a ph of 2.29. how many grams of formic acid are there in 100.0 ml of solution?
There are 593.4 grams of formic acid in 100.0 mL of a solution of formic acid (HCOOH) that has a pH of 2.29.
To calculate the grams of formic acid in 100.0 mL of solution, three procedures are performed:
Calculation of the molar concentration of the formic acid solutionCalculation of the number of moles in the 100 ml of formic acid solutionConversion from moles to gramsCalculation of the molar concentration of the formic acid solutionTo calculate the concentration of a solution as a function of pH, the following formula is used:
pH = - log [H3O+]
where [H3O+] is eliminated
2.29 = - log [H3O+]
log[H3O+] = -2.29
10-2.29 = [H3O+]
[H3O+] = 129M
Calculation of the number of moles in the 100 ml of formic acid solutionThen the number of moles in 100 ml of solution is calculated.
If in 1000 ml of solution there are 129 moles of formic acid
So in 100 ml of solution there are x moles of formic acid
X mole of formic acid = 100 ml x 129 moles / 1000 ml
X moles of formic acid = 12.9
Conversion from moles to gramsThen with the molecular weight of formic acid (46 g/mol) the grams of this compound in 100 ml of solution are calculated.
If in 1 mole of formic acid there are 46 grams of compound
So in 12.9 moles there are x grams of compound
X g of formic acid = 12.9 mol x 46 g / 1 mol
X g of formic acid = 593.4
Therefore, in 100.0 mL of solution there are 593.4 g of formic acid.
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which chemical pathway appears to be important both in some types of psychotic behavior and in the reinforcing properties of various drugs?
The chemical pathway appears to be important both in some types of psychotic behavior and in the reinforcing properties of various drugs is Mesolimbic dopamine pathway.
The reinforcing and addictive qualities of substances like nicotine are greatly influenced by the mesolimbic dopamine system.
Dopamine serves a variety of functions and is both a neurotransmitter and a hormone.
These mesolimbic pathways aid in the distribution of dopamine throughout the body. The nucleus accumbens receives dopamine from the ventral tegmental region via the mesolimbic dopamine pathways.
Dopamine produces a sense of reward and pleasure in the nucleus accumbens.
Dopamine flows from the ventral tegmental region to the nucleus accumbens anytime there is a sense of rewarding or pleasurable stimuli. Dopamine provides a sense of positive feeling, which leads to addictive behavior ( ie, drugs).
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Balance C2H4 + O2 = CO2 + H2O using the algebraic method.
Answer: C₂H₄ + 3O₂ --> 2 CO₂ + H₂O is the balanced equation
Explanation:
First, the Carbon atoms are balanced. After balancing the equation becomes:
C₂H₄ + O₂ --> 2 CO₂ + H₂O
Then the Hydrogen atoms are balanced. After balancing the equation becomes:
C₂H₄ + O₂ --> 2 CO₂ + 2H₂O
Finally, Oxygen atoms are balanced. After balancing the equation becomes:
C₂H₄ + 3O₂ --> 2 CO₂ + H₂O
Thus, the balanced equation is C₂H₄ + 3O₂ --> 2 CO₂ + H₂O
I hope this helps! :)
At stp, one mole of oxygen gas (o2) and one mole of neon (ne) contain:_____.
At stp one mole of oxygen gas and one mole of neon atom both have
6* [tex]10^2^3[/tex] molcules which is avagardo number of molecules.
what is STP?STP stands for "Standard Temperature and Pressure." In chemistry, it is commonly used as a reference point to describe the properties of gases. STP is defined as a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kPa). At these conditions, the volume of one mole of any gas is 24.45 L.
So one mole of all gas have avagadro number of molecules in it.
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Follow-Up:
1. Rate is a ratio of two different kinds of measurements. Speed, for example, is a rate that depends on
the value of both distance and time. Rates, such as speed, are typically calculated by dividing one
measurement by another. Rates do not have to be related to speed. Another example of a rate
would be the price per dozen for the cost of eggs. What are at least two other examples of rates?
Describe the two measurements needed to determine those rates.
Which kind of cycle is the rock cycle-one with a set path or one with many possible paths? Construct an explanation that describes at least two possible changes to a rock.
Every rock has its place in the rock cycle. The three processes that change one rock to another are crystallization, metamorphism, and erosion and sedimentation.
What is the rock cycle?The rock cycle is described as a basic concept in geology that describes transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
There are many possible paths a rock can take to become different types of rock, and that is because there is no needed path for a rock to change in form.
WE can explain more using the example that a metamorphic rock can become sedimentary rock by erosion and deposition, but the original metamorphic rock was not ever igneous rock.
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Bromine is found in group 17 and period 4. What does this tell you?
A. It has 7 valence electrons and 4 electron shells.
B. It has 17 valence electrons and 4 electron shells.
C. It has 4 valence electrons and 7 electron shells.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
it has 7 valence electrons and 4 electron shells.
How do the funtions of organelles help keep a cell functioning and could it do its function just as wellif an organell was missing or damage ?
The functions of organelles help to keep a cell functioning because they generate different products such as proteins in mitochondria required to maintain cell homeostasis.
What are the functions of cell organelles?Cell organelles function as specialized structures within our cells that have specific functions. They are like tiny organs that work together to keep our cells functioning properly such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and peroxisomes.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that organelles aid in the upkeep of a cell by creating various substances, like the proteins made in mitochondria, that are vital for cell equilibrium.
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A body is accelerated continuously. What is the form of the graph?
A. cubic
B. inverse
C. linear
D. quadratic
Answer:
B: Inverse
Explanation:
a smartfood package indicates that one 17.7 g serving contains 51% carbohydrates. which conversion factor best represents this information?
The conversion factor that best represents the information provided in the smartfood package is grams of carbohydrates per gram of serving.
The package states that one 17.7 gram serving contains 51% carbohydrates, which can be converted to grams by multiplying the percentage by the total weight of the serving. So, 51% of 17.7 grams is approximately 9.09 grams of carbohydrates per serving. To express this as a conversion factor, it would be written as 9.09 grams of carbohydrates per gram of serving. This conversion factor can be used to convert the number of grams of carbohydrates in other serving sizes of the same food.
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which bonds are covalent bonds? question 19 options: a) peptide bonds b) glycosidic bonds c) phosphodiester bonds d) all of these choices are correct.
Peptide bonds, glycosidic bonds, phosphodiester bonds are covalent bonds.
A covalent bond is formed by the equal sharing of electrons by two atoms.
The bond which is formed between the first carbon atom of one monosaccharide with the four carbon atoms present in the neighboring monosaccharide unit and, which results in the formation of a polysaccharide unit is known as a Glycosidic bond. In the formation of this bond, a water molecule is released as a by-product.
A covalent bond which is formed between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of the neighboring amino acids, is known as a peptide bond. This bond formation involves release of a water molecule as a by-product.
The phosphate-hydroxyl linkage present between two nucleotides where the phosphate group is attached to the hydroxyl group(OH) at the 5'-carbon of pentose sugar is bonded to the hydroxyl group of the 3'-carbon of the pentose sugar present in the next neighboring nucleotide. This bond is known as a phosphodiester bond.
Thus, option (d) is correct
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4NH3 +5O2→4NO+6H2O (Run at constant temperature and pressure)
If 3.20 liters of ammonia gas are reacted, how many liters of oxygen gas are consumed?
a
3.20 L O2
b
4.00 L O2
c
2.56 L O2
If 3.20 liters of ammonia gas reacts, the amount of oxygen gas that will be consumed is 4L of oxygen gas (option B).
How to calculate volume using stoichiometry?Stoichiometry refers to the quantitative relationship between the reactants and products of a specific reaction or equation.
According to this question, ammonia gas reacts with oxygen gas to produce nitrogen oxide and water as follows:
4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O
Based on the above equation, 4 moles of ammonia gas reacts with 5 moles of oxygen gas.
This means that 3.2 litres of ammonia gas will react with 3.2 × 5/4 = 4 litres of oxygen gas.
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which compound can provide the energy for chemosynthesis?(1 point) responses water water hydrogen sulfide hydrogen sulfide carbon dioxide carbon dioxide oxygen
The compound can provide the energy for chemosynthesis is the carbon dioxide.
The Chemosynthesis is the process in which the certain microbes will create the energy by mediating the chemical reactions. so that the animals that live around the hydrothermal vents will make their living from the chemicals that are coming out of the seafloor. The energy stored in the bundles or the packets is known as the photon. The compound can provide the energy for chemosynthesis is the carbon dioxide and the photons.
Thus, The compound carbon dioxide can provide the energy for chemosynthesis. Therefore the correct , option C is correct.
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Three magnesium isotopes have atomic masses and relative abundances of 23.995 amu (78.99%), 24.986 amu (10.00%), and 25.992 (11.01%). Calculate the average atomic mass of magnesium.
i’ll give brainliest
Answer:
24.3139697
Explanation:
23.995(0.7899)+24.986(0.1000)+25.992(0.1101) = 24.3139697
methyl isocyanate reacts with strong acids, such as sulfuric acid, to form a cation. for protonation on , which resonance contributor is most important?
The resonance contributor that is most important for protonation in methyl isocyanate is the one in which the nitrogen atom is double-bonded to the carbon atom, and has a formal positive charge, this is called a carbocation or a carbenium ion.
This resonance contributor is considered the most important because it shows the nitrogen atom with the greatest electron density, making it more susceptible to protonation.
In the reaction of methyl isocyanate with strong acids, such as sulfuric acid, the protonation occurs on the nitrogen atom of the molecule. The protonation process is determined by the relative acidity of the nitrogen atom and its electron-withdrawing groups, and thus the resonance contributor that is most important for the protonation is the one that shows the nitrogen atom with the greatest electron density.
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Suppose you had four colors of modeling clay. What steps could you take to make a model of the colorful rock found on Crete? Describe the forces you would use in the process
It is crucial to remember that the finished output will be a model rather than an exact reproduction of the rock. The final sculpture will be an artistic depiction of the rock utilising the colours of clay you have on hand.
You would need to follow these procedures to create a replica of the vibrant rock seen in Crete using modelling clay: The modelling clay should be divided into four equal pieces, each of which should be coloured differently. Each colourful piece of clay should be rolled and flattened into a thin sheet using your hands. As desired, mix the colours together. To mould and shape the layered clay into the desired rock shape, use little pressure. On the rock's surface, use a tool to add textures and features. Physical force, such as pressing and sculpting the clay with your hands and tools, and cohesive forces between the clay particles are the major forces employed in this procedure.
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a concentrated aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (h2so4) has a density of 1.509 g/ml and contains 10% sulfuric acid by mass. calculate the molality of sulfuric acid.
Molality of sulfuric acid is 1.1.
As we know that density of solution = 1.509 = mass of solution \ Volume.
10% of [tex]H{_2}SO_4[/tex] by mass,
[tex]\frac{10}{100} \times 1.509[/tex] v (g)
As the mass of solvent [tex]=\frac{90}{100}\times 1.509 V(g)[/tex]
98 g of [tex]H{_2}SO_4[/tex] contains moles = 1,
[tex]\frac{10 \times 1.509 V g}{100}[/tex] of [tex]H{_2}SO_4[/tex] contains moles = [tex]\frac{1.509 .v}{10 \times 98}[/tex] moles
Molality = moles of solute/ Mass of solvent (kg)
=[tex]\frac{1.509 \times 100 \times 1000}{10 \times 98 \times 1.509 .V (kg)}[/tex]
= 1.1
Hence, the Molality of sulphuric acid is 1.1.
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estimate the specific gravities (gas) for methane and propane. their molecular weights are shown inside the back cover or in the book appendices. (commercial natural gas and commercial propane are mostly methane and propane, with small amounts of other substances, which may be ignored for this problem.) which is more dangerous, a propane leak or a methane leak? why?
The specific gravity of methane is 0.554 and the specific gravity of propane is 1.52.
The specific gravity of a gas can be calculated using the formula:
Molecular Weight of Gas / Molecular Weight of Air = Specific Gravity
For methane:
Molecular weight of methane = 16.04 g/mol
Molecular weight of air = 28.97 g/mol
Specific Gravity = 16.04 g/mol / 28.97 g/mol = 0.554
For propane:
Molecular weight of propane = 44.10 g/mol
Molecular weight of air = 28.97 g/mol
Specific Gravity = 44.10 g/mol / 28.97 g/mol = 1.52
A propane leak is more dangerous than a methane leak because propane is heavier than air, so it sinks and can collect in low-lying areas such as basements and crawl spaces, where it can be ignited by a spark or flame. Methane, on the other hand, is lighter than air and tends to rise, making it less likely to accumulate in dangerous concentrations. Additionally, propane is more explosive than methane, so a propane leak can result in a larger and more destructive explosion.
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the complete question is :
Estimate the methane and propane-specific gravities (gas). 16.04 and 44.10 molecular weights respectively. (In commercial natural gas and propane, the main components are methane and propane; minor amounts of other compounds may be disregarded for this issue.) A propane leak or a methane leak, which is more hazardous? why?