The answer is False. Guidelines are more detailed explanations of how to implement policies and achieve compliance. However, they are not necessarily statements of what must be done.
Guidelines provide additional information and direction for individuals or organizations to follow in order to meet the requirements and expectations set forth by policies. They can include specific procedures, best practices, and recommendations to ensure that policies are effectively implemented and followed.
Guidelines are indeed more detailed statements that provide specific information on how to comply with a policy. They outline the necessary steps, actions, or procedures that need to be followed in order to adhere to the policy in question.
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What are some reading strategies that work best for read/write learners?
read/write learners tend to process information best through reading and writing. Therefore, reading strategies that work well for these learners include taking notes, summarizing information, underlining or highlighting key points, and creating outlines.
Additionally, read/write learners may benefit from actively engaging with the text by asking themselves questions, making predictions, and relating the material to their own experiences. read/write learners tend to excel at tasks that involve reading, writing, and logical analysis. They process information best through the written word and benefit from a structured, organized approach to learning. Therefore, reading strategies that emphasize note-taking and active engagement with the text are particularly effective for these learners.
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Most environmental policy is set by ________.
A) Congress
B) Supreme Court rulings
C) the President
D) state and local governments
E) federal legislation
Most environmental policy in the United States is set by a combination of federal legislation, the President, and state and local governments. Congress is responsible for passing federal environmental laws, such as the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, which establish national standards for pollution control and resource management.
However, the President also plays a critical role in environmental policy through executive orders and the appointment of agency heads who oversee the implementation of federal laws.
In addition to federal policy, states and local governments have significant control over environmental policy through their ability to enforce federal regulations and establish their own regulations that exceed federal standards. For example, California has established its own strict emissions standards for automobiles, which have influenced national policy and led to increased fuel efficiency standards.
The Supreme Court also plays a role in environmental policy through its interpretation of federal laws and regulations. Court rulings have established important precedents, such as the EPA's authority to regulate greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act.
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during the _____ stage of the family life-cycle, families are joined. those involved are faced with the formation of _____ as a couple, inclusion of spouse in _____ of relationships with extended families, and making decisions about ______
During the marriage stage of the family life-cycle, families are joined. Those involved are faced with the formation of a marital bond as a couple, inclusion of the spouse in the dynamics of relationships with extended families, and making decisions about various aspects of their shared lives, such as living arrangements, finances, and family planning.
During the formation stage of the family life-cycle, families are joined. Those involved are faced with the formation of a couple as they begin their journey together as partners. This stage marks the beginning of a new family unit and the inclusion of a spouse in various aspects of life. One of the key challenges during this stage is the inclusion of a spouse in relationships with extended families. This can often be a delicate balancing act as new couples navigate the expectations and dynamics of both their families of origin. Additionally, during this stage, couples must make decisions about their future together. This may include where they want to live, how they will manage finances, and whether they want to start a family. All of these decisions have an impact on the direction and trajectory of the couple's life together. It is a critical stage that sets the foundation for the rest of the family life-cycle and lays the groundwork for the couple's journey as a family. This stage is critical in establishing the foundation for the couple's future, as it sets the tone for how they will navigate their partnership, communicate, and resolve conflicts. Understanding and adapting to the needs and expectations of one another and their families can contribute to a more harmonious and supportive environment throughout the family life-cycle.
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_______ is the term that denotes the ease with which people can use an interface to achieve a particular goal.A. WorkaroundB. Situational awarenessC. UsabilityD. All of these are correct.
The correct option is C. Usability. "Usability" is the term that denotes the ease with which people can use an interface to achieve a particular goal.
Usability refers to the ease and effectiveness with which users can interact with a product or system. It involves ensuring that the design is intuitive, efficient, and user-friendly, allowing users to complete tasks easily and effectively. Usability is an important aspect of user experience and is often measured through various metrics, such as task completion rates and user satisfaction. Improving usability can lead to increased user adoption, improved efficiency, and ultimately, higher user satisfaction.
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the proportion of the general population that reports some symptoms of insomnia during any given year is
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that affects a significant proportion of the general population.
According to the National Sleep Foundation, about 30% of adults experience symptoms of insomnia during any given year.
These symptoms include difficulty falling or staying asleep, waking up too early in the morning, and feeling tired or unrefreshed upon waking up.
Insomnia can have a negative impact on an individual's physical and mental health, leading to fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating during the day.
While occasional sleep disturbances are normal, persistent insomnia requires medical attention and treatment.
Lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, avoiding caffeine and alcohol before bedtime, and creating a relaxing sleep environment, can help alleviate symptoms of insomnia.
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Contemporary worldwide racism, and the notion of race itself, are historically rooted in which practice?
a.colonialism
b.microaggression
c.institutional racism
d.Nativism
The notion of race itself is historically rooted in colonialism. Colonialism is the practice of one nation, often more powerful than the other, taking control over a dependent territory, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.
Through colonialism, European powers exported their ideas of racial superiority and used these notions to justify the subjugation and exploitation of non-European peoples. This allowed for the creation of hierarchies of power and privilege, with Europeans at the top and people of color at the bottom. The legacy of colonialism can still be seen today in contemporary worldwide racism and institutional racism. The belief in racial superiority and inferiority has been institutionalized in many aspects of society, including education, healthcare, and the criminal justice system.
These institutions disproportionately affect people of color and perpetuate racial inequality. Microaggressions, which are subtle expressions of prejudice or discrimination, are also a result of the historical practice of colonialism and the belief in racial hierarchies. Overall, the history of colonialism has had a significant impact on the notion of race and contemporary worldwide racism. Recognizing this history is crucial in understanding the ongoing struggle against racism and in working towards a more equitable society.
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What would a conflict theorist say about the rise of the new global elite? How about a structural functionalist?
The conflict theorist will see it as manifestation of the unequal distribution of power and resources in society.
What is conflict theorist view on rise of new global elite?Emergence of the new global elite can be seen as a result of the concentration of wealth and power in the hands of a small group of individuals and corporations who control the global economy.
And that its allows the elite to shape global policies and institutions in their favor while marginalizing and exploiting the working class and other marginalized groups. In contrast, a structural functionalist may view the rise of the new global elite as a necessary outcome of the modernization process.
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True or false: Observation methods require an observable behavior or event and a system of recording it.
True. observation methods require the identification of an observable behavior or event, as well as a clear system for recording data in order to effectively collect and analyze information.
Observation methods require an observable behavior or event that can be recorded systematically. Observation is a commonly used research method that involves collecting data by watching and recording behaviors, events, or processes. This method can be used in a variety of settings, including scientific research, educational settings, and social sciences. Observations can be either structured or unstructured, and can be conducted in naturalistic or controlled environments. The key to effective observation is to develop a clear system for recording data. This can include using checklists, rating scales, or other forms of quantitative or qualitative data collection. By systematically recording observations, researchers can identify patterns, test hypotheses, and make objective conclusions about the phenomenon being studied.
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An extended family consists of a married couple and their children living together. (True or False)
The statement is false. An extended family is a family group that goes beyond the immediate nuclear family.
It includes not only the married couple and their children but also other relatives, such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. These family members may live together in the same household or reside in close proximity, maintaining strong connections and providing support to one another. In contrast, a nuclear family consists of only a married couple and their children living together. The concept of extended families is prevalent in many cultures around the world, as it allows for better emotional, financial, and practical support within the family unit.
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A fishbowl window can increase a team's productivity by facilitating communications. A fishbowl window reduces the:
A. Collaboration lag
B. Project scope
C. Direct project costs
D. Required coordination
A fishbowl window is an effective tool for facilitating communication and increasing a team's productivity. It is a transparent window that separates two rooms, allowing team members to observe and participate in discussions without disrupting the flow of work. By reducing the collaboration lag, team members can communicate more effectively and quickly, which can save time and improve productivity.
Moreover, a fishbowl window does not reduce the project scope, direct project costs or require coordination. It is a simple and cost-effective solution that does not affect the project's goals or objectives. Instead, it provides an opportunity for team members to exchange ideas and collaborate on tasks in a more efficient and streamlined manner. It also encourages transparency, accountability and open communication, which can lead to better decision-making and problem-solving.
In conclusion, a fishbowl window can be an excellent tool for increasing productivity, promoting teamwork and enhancing communication. It is a simple and cost-effective solution that can help teams work more effectively and efficiently, without compromising the project's scope or budget.
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When an ELL student gives a partially correct answer to Mr. Garcia's question, Mr. Garcia says, "Nice work! Can you tell me more?" Mr. Garcia is using
A) differentiated instruction.
B) response to intervention.
C) response protocol.
D) None of the above
In this scenario, when Mr. Garcia encourages the ELL student by saying "Nice work! Can you tell me more?", he is using: A) differentiated instruction
Differentiated instruction is an approach to teaching that involves tailoring instruction and learning experiences to meet the individual needs, interests, and abilities of students in a classroom. The goal of differentiated instruction is to create a learning environment that is inclusive and accessible to all students, regardless of their diverse backgrounds or learning styles.
In a differentiated instruction classroom, teachers use a variety of teaching strategies, resources, and assessments to meet the needs of all students. This may include providing different levels of support, offering flexible learning paths, and creating opportunities for students to learn through a variety of modalities, such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic.
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what type of event is related to the addition or loss of a family member, such as birth or adoption, death of a grandparent, a child moving out to go to school or take a job, or the marriage of a child?
These types of events are typically considered major life transitions or milestones within a family. They can be both joyous and difficult, as they often involve a significant change in family dynamics and relationships.
The addition of a new family member through birth or adoption can bring feelings of happiness and excitement but also require adjustments to routines and responsibilities. The death of a grandparent or other family member can be a time of grieving and reflection, while also bringing families together to support one another. When a child moves out to pursue education or a career, parents may experience feelings of loss and adjustment as they adapt to a new stage in their relationship with their child. Finally, the marriage of a child is a significant milestone that often marks the beginning of a new family unit, while also bringing together families to celebrate the union. Overall, these events are significant in the life of a family, and can help shape their relationships and identities.
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in scramble competition polygyny males who are more persistent in searching for and finding females have what
In scramble competition polygyny, males who are more persistent in searching for and finding females have a higher chance of mating with multiple females.
Scramble competition polygyny refers to a mating system where males compete with one another to mate with as many females as possible. In this system, females are not defended by males, and they are free to mate with any male they choose. Therefore, the males who are more persistent in finding and attracting females have a better chance of mating with multiple females.
The persistence of a male can be influenced by various factors, including his physical characteristics, behavior, and resources. For example, males with larger body size or brighter colors may attract more females. Similarly, males who display courtship behaviors such as vocalizations, dancing, or gift-giving may also be more successful in attracting mates.
Furthermore, males who have access to abundant resources such as food, nesting sites, or territories may have a better chance of attracting females. This is because females often choose males who can provide them with resources that are important for their survival and reproductive success.
Overall, in scramble competition polygyny, males who are more persistent in searching for and finding females have a higher chance of mating with multiple females. This persistence can be influenced by various factors, including physical characteristics, behavior, and resources.
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what Major religious leader taught that poor brought on own probs through lifestyle choices
The major religious leader who taught that the poor brought on their own problems through lifestyle choices is Max Weber, a German sociologist, and not a religious leader per se.
Weber believed that individuals' work ethic and lifestyle choices influenced their economic success, particularly in his book "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism." Weber argued that the Protestant work ethic, a set of values emphasizing hard work, thrift, and self-discipline, led to greater economic prosperity.
Here's a step-by-step explanation of Weber's theory:
1. Weber observed that there was a strong correlation between Protestantism and capitalism, with Protestant countries tending to be more economically prosperous.
2. He believed that this was due to the Protestant work ethic, which valued hard work, thrift, and self-discipline.
3. According to Weber, these values encouraged individuals to work hard, save their money, and invest in businesses, leading to economic growth.
4. Conversely, Weber suggested that people who didn't follow these values might experience poverty due to their lifestyle choices, such as spending money on short-term pleasures instead of investing in their future.
5. In this way, Weber's theory implied that the poor might be responsible for their own economic problems due to their lifestyle choices.
It's important to note that Weber's theory has been debated and critiqued by many scholars, and not everyone agrees with his conclusions. However, his work has had a significant impact on our understanding of the relationship between religion, culture, and economic success.
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Things and events which have been or still are; Things which are said to. be seen and are probable; and Things which essentially are.
In philosophy, there are different ways of categorizing things and events. One way is to distinguish between past, present, and future events.
Past events are things that have already happened, while present events are things that are happening right now. Future events are things that have yet to happen but are expected to happen based on current knowledge and evidence.
Another way of categorizing things and events is to differentiate between what is seen and what is probable. Things that are seen are observable and can be directly experienced through our senses. For example, we can see a tree, touch a book, or hear music. On the other hand, things that are probable are inferred based on available evidence and reasoning. For example, we can infer that the sun will rise tomorrow based on our knowledge of the Earth's rotation and previous observations.
Lastly, there are things that essentially are, which means that they exist independently of our perceptions and beliefs. These things are often considered to be objective and universal, such as mathematical truths, natural laws, or ethical principles.
Overall, these different categories help us understand the nature of things and events in different ways, and can be used to guide our thinking and decision-making.
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Which country was a leader of the communist nations during the Cold War?
Responses:
United States
Vietnam
Soviet Union
China
Answer:
The Soviet Union.
Explanation:
Stalin led the USSR to victory over Nazi Germany and oversaw the establishment of hardline communist regimes in postwar Central and Eastern Europe.
Chen is concerned about the growing crime rate in his city and is considering organizing a neighborhood watch in the gated community where he lives. What is the first step Chen should take?
Chen's concern about the growing crime rate in his city is valid, and organizing a neighborhood watch in his gated community is a proactive step to address the issue. The first step Chen should take is to gather information and assess the interest of fellow community members in participating in the neighborhood watch program.
Chen's concern about the growing crime rate in his city and his desire to organize a neighborhood watch in his gated community is a positive step toward ensuring the safety and security of his community. The first step that Chen should take is to reach out to his neighbors and gauge their interest in forming a neighborhood watch. He can organize a meeting and invite all the residents of the gated community to attend. During the meeting, Chen can explain the purpose of the neighborhood watch, its benefits, and the roles and responsibilities of its members. It is essential to involve the community in the decision-making process to ensure that everyone is on the same page and has a clear understanding of the goals of the neighborhood watch. Chen can encourage the residents to voice their concerns about crime in the area and offer suggestions on how to combat it. Forming a neighborhood watch is an excellent way for the community to come together and take an active role in preventing crime.
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josh works for a company where he is given the freedom to decide how best to carry out the tasks assigned to him. from the information given, it can be said that josh's job has .
From the information given, it can be said that Josh's job has autonomy, meaning he has the freedom to make decisions on how to carry out his assigned tasks.
Autonomy refers to the ability of an individual or group to make decisions and take actions independently, without external influence or control. Autonomy can apply to various areas of life, such as personal autonomy, where individuals have the freedom to make choices about their own lives, and political autonomy, where countries or regions have the ability to govern themselves. Autonomy is often considered a fundamental human right, and is recognized in international laws and declarations. However, autonomy is not absolute, as it may be limited by laws, social norms, or the interests of others. Balancing individual autonomy with the needs and expectations of society as a whole is an ongoing challenge in many areas, such as healthcare, education, and employment.
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To prevent a load from shifting, there should be at least one tie down for every _______ feet of cargo.
Cargo securement is a critical aspect of transportation safety. When cargo is not properly secured, it can shift or fall off during transportation, leading to accidents, injuries, and property damage.
Therefore, the FMCSA has established regulations for cargo securement that apply to all commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) operating in interstate commerce.
The FMCSA's cargo securement rules require that all cargo be immobilized or secured on or within a vehicle to prevent it from shifting or falling off.
The number and type of tie-downs required depend on various factors, such as the weight, length, and height of the cargo, the type of vehicle, the type of tie-down, and the expected driving conditions.
In addition to tie-downs, other types of cargo securement devices may be required for specific types of cargo. For example, steel coils may require special edge protectors, and logs may require bolsters or stakes to prevent rolling.
To comply with the FMCSA's cargo securement rules, drivers and carriers must ensure that all cargo is properly secured before transportation. This involves inspecting the cargo, selecting the appropriate tie-downs and securement devices, and properly positioning and tensioning the tie-downs.
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A linguist who is studying how a group of people use noises such as laughing and crying to convey emotional information is studying what?
a.phonology
b.symbolic linguistics
c.paralanguage
d.morphology
The linguist who is studying how a group of people use noises such as laughing and crying to convey emotional information is studying paralanguage.
Paralanguage refers to non-verbal communication that accompanies spoken language, such as tone of voice, body language, and the use of sounds like laughing and crying. It is an important aspect of communication and can convey significant information about emotions and attitudes. Through studying paralanguage, linguists can gain insight into the cultural and social aspects of language use, as well as how emotions are expressed and interpreted within a particular group or community.
Therefore, the linguist is specifically focused on the study of paralanguage and how it is used to convey emotional information within the group.
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How did the Huang River civilization develop differently from other river valley civilizations? (4 points)
Group of answer choices
Its trade with India brought it goods as well as new ideas.
Its armies helped it expand through conquest.
Its mining industry allowed it to create iron weapons and tools.
Its location limited its contact with other advanced cultures.
The Huang River civilization's progress grew uniquely in contrast to other waterway valley civic establishments since its location limited its contact with other advanced cultures.
The option (D) is correct.
The Huang River civilization was further moderate as well as cutting edge when contrasted with other contemporary civic establishments across the world. The Huang Waterway civilization was likewise called "the bright development." They had an arrangement of limits that made it truly hard for individuals to travel every which way from the domain.
With the capacity to all the more likely control the Huang He and save their yields from flooding, Chinese pioneers had the option to harden their standard of China, and various traditions settled in the district followed.
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This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
How did the Huang River civilization develop differently from other river valley civilizations? (4 points) Group of answer choices
(A) Its trade with India brought it goods as well as new ideas.
(B) Its armies helped it expand through conquest.
(C) Its mining industry allowed it to create iron weapons and tools.
(D) Its location limited its contact with other advanced cultures.
What is the Sacred Cow model?
a. Upper management's favorite model
b. Secret of the company
c. Most focused on organization goals
d. Expected to be "profitably milked" for a long time
The term "sacred cow" comes from the Hindu tradition where cows are considered sacred and are not to be harmed or killed. Option d, "Expected to be 'profitably milked' for a long time,"
The Sacred Cow model refers to a product, service, or process that is considered to be essential to a company's success and is given preferential treatment or protection, even if it may not be the most efficient or profitable.
is the correct answer as it reflects the idea that the company sees the product or service as a reliable source of income and is unwilling to let it go, even if there may be better alternatives or opportunities for improvement. The Sacred Cow model can lead to a lack of innovation and can prevent companies from adapting to changes in the market or technology.
In some cases, the Sacred Cow model can be beneficial, particularly if the product or service is genuinely valuable and provides a competitive advantage for the company. However, it is important for companies to regularly review their offerings and ensure that they are continuing to meet the needs of their customers and the market, rather than simply relying on past success.
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Which best completes the diagram?
The diagram best describes the guide and the strategies that are gained by U.S. foreign policy.
The plans and strategies that guide America's interactions with other countries and international organizations. involves diplomacy, naval and security planning, multinational human rights laws, and economic strategies including trade policy and global energy plan.
The cornerstones of American foreign policy are advancing freedom, democracy, and the protection of human rights throughout the world. The principles upon which the United States was established over two hundred years ago line up with those enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international and regional agreements.
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21. According to Comte, positivism arose out of a need to make ____________ sense of the social order in a time of declining religious authority. a. scientific b. moral c. rational d. economic
According to Comte, positivism arose out of a need to make scientific sense of the social order in a time of declining religious authority.
According to Auguste Comte, positivism was a scientific approach to understanding the social order, based on empirical observation, rather than on religious or metaphysical principles. Comte believed that the decline of religious authority in the modern world created a need for a new, scientific understanding of society, and he saw positivism as the solution to this problem. By applying scientific methods to the study of society, Comte believed that social scientists could discover the laws that govern human behavior and create a more rational and ordered society.
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Read a passage from a speech given by President Barack Obama.
Because of this plan, families who are struggling to pay tuition costs will receive a $2,500 tax credit . . . And Americans who have lost their jobs in this recession will be able to receive extended unemployment benefits.
–President Barack Obama,
February 4, 2009
Which statement best explains this passage?
It describes government measures to stimulate demand and bring about a recovery.
It describes government measures to increase production and bring about a depression.
It describes a shift in government policies during a trough on the business cycle.
It describes a shift in government policies during a peak on the business cycle.
Which of the following statements best highlights the benefit of organization in design and planning efforts?That higher headquarter decision cycles are normally more deliberate and slower moving because of their requirements to coordinate with increasingly more stakeholdersOrganization can contribute to quick translation of the commander's guidance and intent, and can efficiently devise suitable operational approaches.JTFs share design products and thoughts with subordinate units and external stakeholders as early and often as possible
The statement "Organization can contribute to quick translation of the commander's guidance and intent, and can efficiently devise suitable operational approaches" best highlights the benefit of organization in design and planning efforts. This is because a well-organized team can effectively communicate and understand the goals and objectives of the commander, and can develop strategies and approaches to achieve those goals in a timely and efficient manner.
Effective organization also allows for the sharing of design products and thoughts with subordinate units and external stakeholders early and often, as seen in the example of JTFs. This can lead to better coordination and collaboration, as well as the identification of potential challenges and opportunities that may arise during the planning and implementation process.
In contrast, higher headquarters decision cycles may be slower due to the need to coordinate with a larger number of stakeholders, which can hinder the ability to respond quickly to changing circumstances and make timely decisions.
Overall, the benefits of organization in design and planning efforts cannot be overstated, as it allows for clear communication, effective collaboration, and efficient decision-making, all of which are critical for achieving success in complex operational environments.
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How did Confucianism and Daoism develop different solutions to the chaos of the Warring States Period
The primary distinction between the two is that Taoism was formed by separate persons and is a religion with multiple deities, whereas Confucianism is a philosophy.
The conflicting kingdoms were brought together by the two philosophies' different—but complementary—solutions.
The result of the two schools of thought was a shift in intellectualism, with Confucianism emerging as the dominant school.
Confucianism emphasised the notion that individuals may be made good if they adhered to moral guidelines and participated in rituals honouring the gods and ancestors. Confucian scholars believed that only careful maintenance of traditional traditions could maintain social cohesion in times of social upheaval and conflict.
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researchers estimate that broad-sense heritability of iq in sweden is 0.8. which of these conclusions is valid, assuming that the estimate is accurate? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices most variance for iq in sweden is due to total genetic variance. enriching the environment of disadvantaged children in sweden would not lead to a big improvement in performance on iq tests. broad-sense heritability of iq in the united states probably is higher than 0.5. in sweden, the environment does not play a large role in determining the iq of individuals.
Most variance for IQ in Sweden is due to total genetic variance.
Assuming the estimate of broad-sense heritability of IQ in Sweden is accurate at 0.8, the valid conclusion is that most of the variance for IQ in Sweden is due to total genetic variance.
This means that genetic factors are responsible for a large proportion of the differences in IQ scores between individuals in Sweden.
It also suggests that enriching the environment of disadvantaged children in Sweden may not lead to a big improvement in performance on IQ tests.
Furthermore, it is not possible to conclude anything about the broad-sense heritability of IQ in the United States from this estimate.
However, it does suggest that the environment may not play a large role in determining the IQ of individuals in Sweden.
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According to Perry (1970), what best captures the thinking of students in the beginning of their college journey?
A) Recognizes multiple perspectives
B) Information is right or wrong
C) Opinions matter the most
D) Negative thinking dominates
According to Perry's (1970) model of cognitive and ethical development, the answer that best captures the thinking of students in the beginning of their college journey is B) Information is right or wrong.
At this stage, known as the "dualism" stage, students tend to see the world in black-and-white terms, believing that there is a single right answer to every question and that authority figures such as professors and textbooks hold all the knowledge. They may struggle to think critically and question the information presented to them, instead relying on memorization and regurgitation.
It is important to note that this stage is not necessarily a negative thing, but rather a necessary step in the development of a more complex and nuanced understanding of the world. As students progress through college and encounter new perspectives and experiences, they may begin to question their previously held beliefs and develop a more relativistic approach to knowledge and morality.
In short, Perry's model suggests that the best way to understand the thinking of students in the beginning of their college journey is to recognize that they are likely to view information as either right or wrong, and may struggle to engage in critical thinking or consider multiple perspectives.
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Describe Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment that demonstrated automatic processing. What are some real life examples of automatic processing? When is automatic processing not possible?
Schneider and Shiffrin's experiment involved presenting participants with a series of stimuli, some of which were targets and others were distractors.
Participants were instructed to respond as quickly as possible when a target was presented. The researchers found that with practice, participants were able to respond to the target stimuli quickly and accurately without consciously processing each individual stimulus. This demonstrated the concept of automatic processing, where tasks become automatic with practice and require less conscious attention.
Real-life examples of automatic processing include activities such as driving a familiar route, typing on a keyboard, or reading a book. These tasks become automatic with practice and require less conscious effort over time. Automatic processing is not possible when a task is new or unfamiliar, or when it requires more complex cognitive processing. For example, solving a complex mathematical problem or learning a new language requires conscious attention and cannot be done automatically without significant practice and training.
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