Dayanara is writing an essay about an American psychologist who advanced the law of effect by researching the effects of behavior. The subject of dayanara's paper is Edward Thorndike.
Edward Thorndike was an American psychologist the one spent almost welcome complete career at Teachers College, Columbia University. His bother approximate psychology and the education process managed to the hypothesis of connectionism and helped lay the experimental institution for instructional psychology.
Edward Thorndike suggest a “Law of effect” that established that any presence that is to say followed by friendly results is inclined be repeated, and some demeanor understood by unpleasant results is inclined be blocked.
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he type of environment in which jake and michael grew up is most directly defined by: a. gentrification. b. absolute poverty. c. institutional discrimination. d. spatial inequality.
The correct option is d; spatial inequality. Inequality in space. Low-income subsidized housing projects (where Jake and Michael grew up) are excellent instances of spatial inequality.
Because they often concentrate huge numbers of lower-income people in one region that is geographically divided or isolated from middle- and upper-income areas.
The unequal allocation of resources and services across different areas or places, such as healthcare, welfare, public services, household income, and infrastructures, is referred to as spatial inequality.
Redlining is an example of geographical inequality in the United States, when racially discriminatory lending practices resulted in subprime mortgages becoming excessively concentrated in specific neighborhoods and regions.
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how many years does involuntary manslaughter carry?
Manslaughter is a term for homicide that is regarded by law as less criminal than murder. The answer is between one year and ten years, at the very least.
We might face a maximum fine of $2,500 and a minimum sentence of 1 to 10 years in jail. However, a judge may, in some cases, choose to lower the sentence to one that is shorter than a year. Even though the aim may have been to cause physical damage, homicides are nonetheless regarded to have been committed when they were not done with the intent to kill. Life in prison is the harshest penalty a court may impose for manslaughter.Other sanctions, such as immediate incarceration, suspended sentences, or community service, may also be imposed by the judge. Manslaughter is defined as an unlawful killing without the aim to cause serious.
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they strongly objected to the ratification of the constitution because they thought it represented a step backward-toward tyranny. they also believed a strong federal government would override the public good. which group were they?
They strongly objected to the ratification of the constitution because they thought it represented a step backward-toward tyranny. they also believed a strong federal government would override the public good these group are called Anti-Federalists .
The 1787 U.S. Constitution was contested by the Anti-Federalists. Constitution due to the absence of a bill of rights and their worry that the new national government would be unduly powerful and undermine individual liberties.
The supremacy clause, when combined with the necessary and proper and general welfare clauses, would give implicit powers that could jeopardize rights, according to antifederalists, who felt that a bill of rights was required. Federalists disagreed with the idea that a bill of rights was required.
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in 150-250 words, differentiate between each psychological model (school of thought). what are the key differences between each of the models?
Psychological models are ways of understanding and explaining human behavior. There are three main psychological models – psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioral.
The psychodynamic model originated from Sigmund Freud’s work and focuses on the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior. It explains how behavior is shaped by underlying forces, such as childhood experiences and past events. This model emphasizes the importance of understanding the inner workings of the unconscious mind in order to better understand behavior.
The cognitive model of psychology is focused on understanding how the mind works and how thoughts impact behavior. This model emphasizes the role of internal processes, such as beliefs, attitudes, and expectations, in influencing behavior. It examines how people think, reason, and make decisions, as well as how the environment affects these processes.
The behavioral model of psychology emphasizes the external environment and its influence on behavior. It focuses on observing and measuring behavior in order to understand it. This model looks at how environmental factors, such as rewards and punishments, shape behavior. It also looks at how behaviors can be changed through conditioning.
The key differences between the psychological models are their focus. The psychodynamic model focuses on the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior, while the cognitive model looks at how the mind works and how thoughts influence behavior. The behavioral model examines how external factors shape behavior.
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Can someone Please help me with this. This is the article and then theirs a photo of what the packet looks like I need u to answer the question and give me them please
On December 8, 2022, the US Congress passed the Respect for Marriage Act, which protects statutory recognition of interracial and same-sex marriages in the United States.
US courts have long recognized a constitutional right to marry. In 1967, the US Supreme Court ruled in Loving v. Virginia that bans on interracial marriage were unconstitutional, extending the right to marry to interracial couples nationwide. In 2015, in Obergefell v. Hodges, the Court similarly struck down bans on same-sex marriage and affirmed that same-sex couples enjoyed a constitutional right to marry.
The Supreme Court’s recent ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, which overturned Roe v. Wade and rejected the idea of a constitutional right to access abortion, cast these decisions into doubt. In a concurring opinion, Justice Thomas urged the Court to reconsider any decisions that rely on the notion of “substantive due process,” or liberties that are not explicitly referenced in the Constitution but are considered implicit in its guarantees.
The Respect for Marriage Act will ensure that interracial and same-sex marriages are statutorily protected even if decisions like Loving and Obergefell are ultimately overturned. While it does not require every state to solemnize these unions, it requires all states to recognize and respect any interracial or same-sex marriages that are validly performed in other states. It also ensures that the federal government will treat such marriages as legitimate, which provides crucial protection in areas like immigration, taxation, and access to federal benefit programs.
The bill exempts nonprofit religious entities from having to provide facilities or services for the performance or celebration of a marriage, but, crucially, does not create sweeping exemptions that would allow these entities to discriminate against LGBT people in adoption and foster care, health care, and other domains.
The Respect for Marriage Act is a crucial safeguard, offering married couples much needed certainty and stability in the aftermath of the ruling in Dobbs. Now, Congress can and should do more, including passing the Equality Act to strengthen antidiscrimination protections in employment, housing, public accommodations, and other domains.
Answer:
A: The problem being addressed is the potential for the constitutional right to marry for interracial and same-sex couples to be overturned by the Supreme Court, as suggested by the recent ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization.
B: If this problem is not solved, it could lead to a loss of statutory recognition and protection for interracial and same-sex marriages, which would have significant implications for areas such as immigration, taxation, and access to federal benefit programs.
C: The Respect for Marriage Act is a bill passed by the US Congress that aims to protect statutory recognition of interracial and same-sex marriages in the United States, even if decisions such as Loving v. Virginia and Obergefell v. Hodges are ultimately overturned.
D: The bill requires all states to recognize and respect any interracial or same-sex marriages that are validly performed in other states, and ensures that the federal government will treat such marriages as legitimate. It also includes exemptions for nonprofit religious entities, but does not allow for discrimination in adoption and foster care, health care, and other domains.
E: Some may oppose this new amendment because they do not agree with the idea of interracial or same-sex marriages, or they may have concerns about the exemptions for religious entities.
F: Opponents are wrong because the constitutional right to marry is a fundamental right, and it is important for the government to ensure that all marriages, regardless of the races or genders of the individuals involved, are protected and respected. Additionally, the exemptions included in the bill are limited and do not allow for discrimination in other areas.
G: The effects of this new amendment, such as providing certainty and stability for married couples and protecting important rights and benefits, outweigh any potential problems it might cause. It is important for the government to uphold the constitutional rights of all individuals and ensure that all marriages are protected and respected.
Or as a full essay:
The Respect for Marriage Act, passed by the US Congress on December 8, 2022, aims to protect statutory recognition of interracial and same-sex marriages in the United States. US courts have long recognized a constitutional right to marry, but recent decisions, such as the Supreme Court’s ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, which overturned Roe v. Wade and rejected the idea of a constitutional right to access abortion, have cast these previous decisions into doubt.
The problem that the Respect for Marriage Act aims to solve is the potential for interracial and same-sex marriages to lose recognition and protection if previous decisions such as Loving v. Virginia and Obergefell v. Hodges are ultimately overturned. Without statutory protection, these marriages would no longer be recognized by the government, leading to issues such as loss of immigration rights, unequal taxation, and lack of access to federal benefits.
The Respect for Marriage Act ensures that interracial and same-sex marriages are statutorily protected, even if the aforementioned decisions are overturned. The bill requires all states to recognize and respect any interracial or same-sex marriages that are validly performed in other states, and ensures that the federal government will treat such marriages as legitimate. This provides crucial protection in areas such as immigration, taxation, and access to federal benefit programs.
However, some may oppose this new amendment, arguing that it infringes on religious freedom. The bill does exempt nonprofit religious entities from having to provide facilities or services for the performance or celebration of a marriage, but it does not create sweeping exemptions that would allow these entities to discriminate against LGBT people in adoption and foster care, health care, and other domains. These opponents may argue that the amendment should include broader religious exemptions.
But these objections are ultimately misguided. The effects of this new amendment supersede the problems it might cause. The right to marry is a fundamental one, and the Respect for Marriage Act ensures that this right is protected for all, regardless of race or sexual orientation. Additionally, the bill’s protections for religious entities strike a balance between religious freedom and the protection of LGBT rights.
Overall, the Respect for Marriage Act is a crucial safeguard, offering married couples much needed certainty and stability in the aftermath of the ruling in Dobbs. While it is important for Congress to continue working towards strengthening anti-discrimination protections in areas such as employment, housing, and public accommodations, the Respect for Marriage Act is a significant step in the right direction.
As a result of the Cuban Revolution, the government of Cuba changed from:
Question 6 options:
a democracy to a dictatorship
a dictatorship to a democracy
a monarchy to a democracy
one kind of dictatorship to another kind of dictatorship
The Cuban Revolution of 1959 saw the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista’s U.S.-backed authoritarian government and the installation of Fidel Castro’s socialist government.
This marked a significant shift in government from a dictatorship to a socialist state. Initially, Castro’s government was largely focused on creating a socialist economy, with the government taking control of most of the nation’s resources and industries. This led to the introduction of a range of social programs aimed at improving the lives of the Cuban people, such as the nationalization of education, the provision of free health care, and the redistribution of land. Over time, the Cuban government has become increasingly authoritarian, with the ruling Communist Party maintaining a strict grip on power. This has led to a decline in political and economic freedoms, with dissent and opposition to the government often met with harsh repression. As such, the Cuban government has transformed from a dictatorship to another kind of dictatorship, one that is increasingly authoritarian and oppressive.
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titas says that opiates are legal because they come from a natural plant. victorino says that opiates are illegal because they are powerful and addicting. who is correct?
Neither of the two is correct as not all opiates are legal just because they come from a natural plant and not all are illegal as they are taken as prescriptions.
Neither is true. Some opiates (morphine) are legal when prescribed, while others (heroin) are illegal, and opiates can be plant-based or synthetic. Opium is a narcotic drug derived from the unripe seedpods of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum), a plant in the Papaveraceae family.
Opium's pharmacologically active principles are found in its alkaloids, the most important of which, morphine, accounts for approximately 10% of raw opium by weight. Based on their chemical structure and mode of action, opium alkaloids are classified into two types. Morphine, codeine, and thebaine are analgesic, narcotic, and potentially addictive compounds that act on the central nervous system. Only involuntary (smooth) muscles are relaxed by papaverine, noscapine (formerly known as narcotine), and the majority of other opium alkaloids.
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What are the areas of work of cooperatives? Write with examples.
Answer:
Cooperatives provide vital health, housing and banking services; they promote education and gender equality; they protect the environment and workers rights. Through these and a range of other activities, they help people in more than a hundred countries better their lives and those in their communities.
Examples:
Those types of cooperatives include producer/marketing, retail supply, utilities, cable television, agricultural services, fish marketing, child care, farmers' markets and community service.
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herbert spencer was strongly influenced by the views of biologist
a.) auguste comte
b.) karl marx
c.) charles darwin
d.) max weber
Herbert Spencer was strongly influenced by the views of biologist Auguste Comte.
Herbert Spencer was an influential 19th-century philosopher and social theorist whose work was strongly shaped by the ideas of the French biologist Auguste Comte. In particular, Spencer embraced Comte's concept of 'positivism' — the notion that knowledge and morality can be determined through scientific inquiry.
Spencer's positivism had a strong impact on his social theories, as he argued that all societies move through three distinct stages — the theological, the metaphysical, and the scientific — and that all of humanity's social problems could eventually be solved through the application of scientific knowledge.
Hence, the correct option is "A".
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VW's decision to commit significant financial and R&D resources to electric vehicles can best be described as ____ approach to business ethics.
A utilitarian, A utilitarian is someone who adheres to the notion that decisions should be made based on what would bring the most happiness to the greatest number of people.
The fact that VW wants to lead the world in electric vehicles and has committed significant resources to the cause demonstrates its commitment to corporate social responsibility. Profits come before morality. that promotion requires a dedication to sustainability. that having personal ethics is crucial. the hiring of ethics officials. Over the next five years, the Group will invest over EUR 73 billion on electrification, hybrid powertrains, and digital technology, as decided in Planning Round 69. This was declared after the Supervisory Board meeting today. It will be regularly done to transform the Group and its brands and to strategically concentrate on the primary facets of mobility.
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what are some of the requirements necessary to receive a nomination for the nobel peace prize?
According to the Nobel Foundation's statutes, a nomination is considered genuine if it is made by someone who comes into one of the following categories.
Members of sovereign states' national parliament and governments (cabinet members/ministers), as well as current heads of state.
Members of The Hague International Court of Justice and The Permanent Court of Arbitration
Members of the International Institute of Law
Members of the Women's Worldwide League for Peace and Freedom's international board
University professors, emeriti professors, and associate professors of history, social sciences, law, philosophy, theology, and religion; university rectors and directors (or their equivalents); and directors of peace research institutes and foreign policy institutes.
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brian may is best known as the guitarist of queen, but he is also an accomplished what?
Although his decades-long involvement with the iconic British rock band may be what makes him most well-known, Brian May is also a legitimate astrophysicist, a skilled photographer, and the creator of a line of expertly crafted instruments.
Brian Harold May, also known as Brian May, is a native of Hampton, London, and is most known for serving as the band Queen's lead guitarist. He co-wrote and co-produced a number of the most well-known songs in the music industry, including "We Will Rock You," "We are the Champions," and "Bohemian Rhapsody" alongside Freddie Mercury, Roger Taylor, and John Deacon. Robert May Brian Harold May, CBE, is an English musician, singer, songwriter, astrophysicist, and photographer who was born on July 19, 1947. He is most known for playing lead guitar in the rock band Queen, and in 2001, he and other band members were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Additionally, in 2018 while a member of Queen.
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why do people vote for democrats
an inadvertent siren was sounded for mcguire nuclear station. no action needed.
Officials confirmed that the siren sound heard by many people coming from the McGuire Nuclear Station of Duke Energy in Huntersville, North Carolina, was a component of a regularly scheduled silent test.
The main outdoor warning system for informing the public of an emergency is the siren. Duke Energy would notify federal, state, and local authorities right away in the unlikely event that the nuclear power plant experienced an emergency. Within a 10-mile radius, these authorities could turn on pole-mounted sirens.
Listen to a nearby radio or television station if you hear a loud, continuous sound coming from one of the sirens near the nuclear power plant. For your information and instructions on what to do, local authorities will broadcast an emergency alert information message on these stations.
If you hear a siren, you don't necessarily need to leave. To tune in to a local radio or television station for information simply means doing that. Contact the emergency management office in your county if sirens are sounding and you do not see or hear a message on the radio or television.
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what if the facts were different? what if the united states supreme court had not issued the prior opinion and california courts also had not decided that those clauses contravene a strong public policy? this case would be a case of persuasive authority in california. without the prior guidance, the california courts likely would look to constitutional authorities to help them reason through a decision.
The term "case of first impression" refers to a situation when a legal issue is raised that the relevant jurisdiction has never dealt with. Monell v. Department of Social Services, a decision decided by the Supreme Court in 1978, serves as an example.
What aspects of a case of first impression might the judge consider?Cases of first impression usually include recently passed legislation or circumstances where the pertinent subject has already been addressed by courts in other jurisdictions but not in the one where the issue is presently being considered. Courts might consult instances involving comparable or related circumstances from other nations or make comparisons to such cases in order to gain insight.
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which humanistic approach emphasizes the basic attitudes of the therapist as the core of the therapeutic process?
The basic attitudes of the therapist as the core of the therapeutic process is person-centered therapy.
What is person-centered therapy?Some persons may struggle with the absence of structure in traditional person-focused treatment; those who are more stressed or anxious may require more guidance from a therapist and may benefit from a different therapeutic strategy. Similar to this, persons with signs of particular personality disorders may not experience change with this technique since a person-focused therapist may not focus on diagnosing a client and may not tightly guide sessions.
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How did the Articles of Confederation affect the new government
The Articles of Confederation oppositely affected the new government.
The Articles of Confederation affected the new government as it created a loose confederation of sovereign states and a weak central government. The national government could not pay its debt and its economic conditions were weak.
The government could also not trade within the state or across borders. There was no uniform system of currency and many other problems which were arriving.
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a second-grade student is given a test that measures simple phoneme segmentation and blending and does well. however, when given the past, he can’t perform advanced phonemic awareness tasks. what would be the best skills for him to practice based on these results?
Based on the results of the test, the second-grade student has a strong foundation in practice simple phoneme segmentation and blending, but struggles with more advanced phonemic awareness tasks.
To improve his skills, it would be beneficial for him to practice more advanced phonemic awareness exercises. This could include activities such as identifying and manipulating sounds in words (e.g. changing the beginning or ending sound of a word), blending sounds to make words, and segmenting words into individual sounds. Additionally, it could be beneficial for him to practice working phonemic awareness with words that contain more than one syllable, as this can be more challenging for students. practice would be also helpful for the student to focus on the reading fluency and comprehension, as phonemic awareness is one of the key components of reading development.
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every day wears out the little remains of kindred between us and them, and can there be any reason to hope, that as the relationship expires, the affection will increase, or that we shall agree better, when we have ten times more and greater concerns to quarrel over than ever?
Paine informs General Howe that the colonists will keep fighting for freedom in order to inspire them to advance without British assistance.
Thomas Paine argues for independence from Britain in these passages from the well-known treatise Common Sense. Paine contends that the supposedly positive aspects of British rule are actually negative; he cites unfair trade practises and American involvement in British overseas wars.
The British government's actions were demoralising the colonies. Paine utilises phrases like "little remains, partnership expires, querrel over" to inspire them, even though he is aware that their relationship is on the verge of dissolution. Paine provides them motivation to move forward despite the circumstances.
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why do sub-saharan religions reflect so little influence of what we know of the religion of ancient egypt?
Answer: Because they are sub units of the main religion.
Explanation: Because they are a sun unit of the religion, they have most of the same beliefs, but they also have altered things that they believe compared to the main religion.
Help me please How was Reconstruction a failure with regards to the rise of discriminatory groups in
South Carolina?
From k12
Reconstruction in South Carolina was a failure in terms of the rise of discriminatory groups.
After the Civil War, African Americans were granted full citizenship rights and the right to vote. However, there was little effort to protect African Americans from discrimination and violence. As a result, discriminatory groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and the Red Shirts were able to gain power in the state and worked to prevent African Americans from exercising their rights. These groups created Jim Crow laws that segregated African Americans and denied them economic opportunities. This oppressive environment was a direct result of the failure of Reconstruction in South Carolina, and it created a system of inequality that would last for decades.
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Complete question :Explain how Reconstruction was a failure with regards to the rise of discriminatory groups in South Carolina.
what is the minimum sentence for involuntary manslaughter?
Involuntary manslaughter is punishable by prison time because regardless of the involuntary nature, it is still a crime to kill another person .
What is the sentence for involuntary manslaughter ?
An unintentional killing caused by criminal carelessness , recklessness, or the committing of a low-level crime like a misdemeanor is referred to as involuntary manslaughter .
While many states offer a range of punishments depending on the seriousness of the negligence or the underlying crime , involuntary manslaughter charges in federal court can result in a sentence of incarceration for one to six years .
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which outcome indicates range-of-motion exercises have been effective for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia)?
The knees are much more flexible, indicates range-of-motion exercises have been effective for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
By mobilizing restricted joints, the workouts are performed to maintain function. Arthritis doesn't interfere with circulation. Workout are done to get the joints working again; they don't always make you feel better. The subcutaneous lumps in the joints are unaffected by exercise. Chronic arthritis and increased levels of circulating immune complexes (CICs) and related complement activation by-products in the sera are hallmarks of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), a group of clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disorders that affect children and teenagers under the age of 16. JIA can manifest in a variety of ways and have varying degrees of severity. Although it can impact other organs including the eyes, it primarily impacts the joints and the tissues around them.
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in a parliamentary democracy, who chooses the prime minister?
If an absolute majority of parliamentarians do not vote against the speaker's nominee, the candidate is subsequently chosen by the parliament as prime minister.
A prime minister who is expected to receive a majority of the vote in parliament is chosen by the head of state. The appointment of the prime minister is a prerogative held by the monarch, governor-general, or president, even though in practice most prime ministers in countries with the Westminster system (such as Australia, Canada, Malaysia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom) are the leaders of the largest party in parliament.
A prime minister is chosen by the head of state and must win a vote of confidence within a certain period of time. Italy and Thailand are examples.
The leader of the political party with the majority of seats in parliament is chosen by the head of state to serve as prime minister.
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As a general rule, where should you pass the soccer ball in relation to your teammate?
Answer:
A strong firm pass directly at the player's feet is best
Answer:
At what time you should pass the ball would be to help a teammate get out of a tight situation if they are surrounded by one or more defenders. Finally, passing to open space allows an offensive teammate to run onto the ball and maintain forward momentum. Teams that pass the ball well are more likely to create scoring opportunities.
Explanation:
Where to pass the ball would be A strong firm pass directly at the player's feet is best. You want to make it easy for your teammate to handle, but not take too long to get there. Passing into space is an important concept in making passes in soccer. This is when you pass the ball to an area where a teammate is running.
if you hold a top secret clearance, you are required to report to the security office when you have a foreign roommate over 30 calendar days, a co-habitant, and when you get married.T/F
This Statement is True. if you hold a top-secret clearance, you are required to report to the security office when you have a foreign roommate over 30 calendar days, a co-habitant, and when you get married.
Financial security or financial protection is the situation of getting solid earnings or different sources to help a preferred of dwelling now and within the foreseeable destiny. safety, in a financial context, is a certificate or different financial device that has financial value and can be traded.
Securities are generally categorized as either fairness securities, inclusive of stocks, and debt securities, which include bonds and debentures. economic security is a cornerstone of properly being. financial balance and some diploma of predictability allow human beings to devise and put money into their future and that of their youngsters. They inspire innovation, improve social connections and build belief in others and in establishments. Safety is a monetary tool, generally any monetary asset that can be traded.
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according to erikson, trust is to ________ as identity is to ________.
According to Erikson, trust is to infancy as identity is to adolescence.
The psychologist Erik Erikson proposed a theory that development progresses through eight stages over a lifetime, each characterized by a different psychological task. In the first stage, infancy, Erikson theorized that the psychological task was to develop trust.
Moving on to the second stage, adolescence, Erikson suggested that the task during this stage was to develop a sense of identity. Therefore, according to Erikson's theories, trust is to infancy as identity is to adolescence. This is one of the most famous theory in psychology.
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Common law is a body of cases decided by legislatures. True or False?
Common law is a body of cases decided by legislatures. This statement is false.
Common law refers to a body of cases and rulings by judges interpreting a statute or other source of law, which are subsequently used as precedent by other courts in subsequent cases.
The common law is the body of legislation that has been developed by judges and other quasi-judicial bodies and is distinguished by being expressed in written opinions. Common law is distinguished by the fact that it develops through precedent. Common law courts use previous court rulings to summarize the legal tenets of earlier instances.
A corpus of unwritten rules founded on court precedents is referred to as common law, also known as jurisprudence. The idea is founded on institutionalized verdicts and interpretations rendered by juries and judges.
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the use of water is often as high or higher in poor, arid countries as it is in rich nations. When the population of a city grows, what often happens to local water sources? A) The water supply will increase due to a rise in the water table B) The water supply is used more often for transporting goods C) The water supply with decrease because there are too many people D) The water supply often becomes polluted by the increase in waste
Answer:
Explanation:
The water supply with decrease because there are too many people.
a large group of people is gathered on the streets of new york to mourn the death of a young celebrity. this type of crowd best exemplifies a(n) . group of answer choices casual crowd expressive crowd acting crowd conventional crowd
Large group of people is gathered on the streets of new york to mourn the death of a young celebrity. this type of crowd best exemplifies a group of Expressive crowd. the correct answer is B.
Expressive crowd is people releasing emotions with others who experience similar emotions, the example is mourning at the death of a celebrity.
A crowd that gathers around emotionally charged events is said to be expressive. People tend to engage in social conduct that is rather spontaneous when they attempt to create consensus for ambiguous circumstances. Collective conduct is shaped by public opinion.
Collective behavior includes riots, mobs, mass panic, fads, fashions, rumor, and public opinion. In large groups, it is believed, people tend to lose their moral integrity and sense of self, giving in to the hypnotic influence of crowd leaders who can manipulate behavior whatever they choose.
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